自学印地语打字整理文本是在大脑里面复制外语

The Sharma family
Most of the dialogues are based on the various members of the Sharma family, who live in Agra: Geeta (a doctor) and her husband Raju (a teacher), their children Manoj, Ram and Meena - and a dog, Moti. Because we're dealing with a set of known characters, it's easy to see the different levels of formality that are an important feature of Hindi: for example, we hear the children being addressed less formally than adults and strangers. One or two subsidiary characters,such as Pratap (a student visiting England), also appear in the book Teach Yourself Hindi, which gives a more detailed introduction to the language.

script and pronunciation
The Hindi script, called 'Devanagari', is an extremely systematic
writing system: each character represents a particular sound, making
it the perfect guide to pronunciation. Although a 'roman'
transliteration is given throughout the book, the small effort required
to learn Devanagari is very well worthwhile!
Listen out for two important contrasts in pronunciation. The first is
between 'retroflex' consonants (pronounced with the tongue
touching the roof of the mouth, giving a 'hard' sound of the kind
associated with Indian pronunciations of words like 'doctor') and
'dental' consonants (pronounced with the tongue touching the upper
teeth, giving a 'soft' sound as in an Italian pronunciation of 'I tali a').
The second contrast is between 'unaspirated' and 'aspirated'
consonants, such as the pair क ka and ख kha - the first is much less
'breathy' than the second. Vowel sounds are very 'clean': the vowel
ए  e is more like the vowels in French 'ete' than in English 'mayday'.

The recordings
This book is accompanied by recordings which will help bring the language alive for you. They  introduce the sounds of Hindi, present the dialogues and other features from the book, and go beyond the book with several further listening and speaking exercises that will build your confidence in using Hindi in real conversations. Pause the
recording whenever you need time to think, and practise imitating the Hindi voices as closely as possible, speaking out loud.

Where does this book lead?
After finishing this book, you may like to look at Teach Yourself Hindi, by Rupert Snell with Simon Weightman: this gives more detail on the grammar, and plenty of reading practice. The web-based course A Door into Hindi (www.ncsu.eduIproject/hindiJessons) has an interactive approach to the learning process; and Hindi films also offer a brilliant way of getting to know the language and the culture it expresses. Most importantly of all, you will find some 400 million Hindi-speakers waiting to talk to you: start speaking Hindi today! Dictionaries: Rupert Snell's Beginner's Hindi DictionaIYis designed for learners and gives a lot of help with sentence formation, while the Oxford Hindi-English DictionaIY by R.S. McGregor is what you need if you want to start reading Hindi newspapers and magazines, many of which are available on the internet.

The Hindi script and sounds
Aspiration
Devanagari: the basic characters
Independent vowel forms ('vowel characters')
Consonants
Dependent vowel forms
The consonants
Thevowels
Conjunct characters
Nasals
Other signs
Loanwords from English
Silent 'Inherent vowels'

The Hindi script and sounds
Although a roman transliteration is provided for all the Hindi in this book, learning to read and write the Devanagari script is extremely worthwhile. Its phonetic basis makes it really easy to learn; and if you're in India, being able to read the Hindi all around you in signs and posters will bring its own reward, even before you start reading

more ambitiously. As you begin to learn Devanagari, there's a very useful web-based 'Hindi script tutor' to help you learn the characters and their sounds: http://www.avashy.comIhindiscripttutor.htm; this  website, devised by Richard Woodward, teaches and tests the script inter-actively, and demonstrates the sounds of Hindi. And for a detailed introduction to Devanagari, see Rupert Snell, Beginner's Hindi Script (Hodder & Stoughton, 2000).

The best way to learn the script is to copy out each character several times, pronouncing its sound as you do so. Start with the consonants. Each basic consonant is actually a complete syllable: for example the sign 'क  stands for not just the consonant 'k' but the whole syllable 'ka'; it will sound similar to the first syllable of the word 'cup'. The 'a' vowel is always there unless replaced by some other vowel indicated by a special vowel sign. More on this later: for now, concentrate on copying and learning the consonants.

Write on lined paper, with the top line of the character falling on the printed line, and the rest of the character hanging below.

Aspiration
In the descriptions of the Hindi sounds you'll see many references to 'aspiration' - the amount of breath that escapes from the mouth when a sound is spoken. In English, the initial 'k' of 'kick' is strongly aspirated, the closing 'ck' much less so. In Hindi, such differences are represented by pairs of consonants such as क  ka