瑞士银行率先驰骋中国A股市场
UBS Makes History in China With Execution of Trade
Swiss financial group UBS AG on Wednesday became the first foreign company to execute a share trade denominated in Chinese currency, a transaction that marks the opening of China's previously off-limits A-share market.
The yuan-denominated shares of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Shanghai Port Container Co., Sinotrans Air Transportation Development Co. and ZTE Corp. were the first to be traded under China's new Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor, or QFII , scheme. UBS didn't disclose the size or value of the transactions, and the trades had no immediate impact on individual share movements.
"It's fabulous to be leaning on the door that is now opening," UBS Head of Asian Equities John Holland said in an interview.
The opening is a limited one. Under the QFII program, only major foreign investment houses, pension funds and fund managers can qualify as investors and even then the amount of capital they can bring into the market is capped at $800 million. To keep a tight rein on hot money leaving China and prompting a financial crisis, the QFII scheme also requires funds to be held onshore for at least one year before being repatriated.
China's stocks aren't all that enticing, either. Shares are considered overvalued, compared with other markets. Transparency, liquidity and corporate governance are expected to remain problems for years to come.
Yet China's ballyhooed $520 billion equities market still fascinates foreign investors, who until now had been locked out of the Chinese-currency shares by the country's capital controls. Since China's stock markets opened in the early 1990s, foreign investors have been relegated to thinly traded B shares in Shanghai and Shenzhen.
UBS became the first institutional investor to qualify for the scheme when it was approved on May 26 by the market regulator, the China Securities Regulatory Commission. Within two weeks, China's State Administration of Foreign Exchange also approved a $300 million ceiling on foreign capital that UBS could channel into the A-share equity and bond markets. Wall Street investment bank Goldman Sachs this week became the fifth institution approved by regulators, following UBS, Nomura Securities Co., a unit of Japan's largest securities and investment-banking-service group, Nomura Holdings Co., Citigroup Inc.'s Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. and Morgan Stanley.
Despite the widespread interest in the more than 1,200 listed companies on China's Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges, a $300 million upper limit on capital inflows won't be tested immediately, according to UBS's chief of China equities, Nicole S. Yuen. "We applied for that limit to make sure there's enough room to accommodate all the interest that we will potentially receive," she said.
瑞士银行率先驰骋中国A股市场
瑞士银行(UBS AG, UBS)周三执行了首批4笔以人民币计价的股票交易,此举极具象徵意义,它标志著原来禁止外资进入的中国A股市场最终对外开放。
市场对此的直接反应并不明显。然而,这一标志性交易所代表的是一场翻天覆地的改革,这场改革给市场带来的影响可能要在多年后才能显现。
宝钢股份(Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd., Q.BSS)、上港集箱(Shanghai Port Container Co. Ltd., Q.SHQ)、外运发展(Sinotrans Air Transportation Development Co. Ltd.)和中兴通讯股份有限公司(ZTE Corp., Q.ZTX, 简称:中兴通讯)成为了在新设立的合格境外机构投资者机制(QFII)下首批交易的A股股票。
在瑞士银行驻北京的经纪人执行上述交易前,参加首次交易正式仪式的瑞士银行中国股票业务负责人袁淑琴(Nicole S. Yuen)数次试图打电话给该经纪人,一度使仪式上的气氛紧张起来。
虽然瑞士银行未公布交易规模或总金额,首批在QFII机制下进行的股票的交易价格分别为:宝钢股份人民币4.245元(1美元=人民币8.28元),上港集箱人民币12.65元,外运发展人民币20.58元,中兴通讯人民币18.11元。
上述交易未对这些股票的走势产生直接影响。
与其他市场的类似股票相比,上述首批交易的股票的估价可能偏高,而且这些公司的透明度、流动性和公司治理可能都有欠缺。然而,市值高达5,200亿美元的中国股市仍令外国投资者疑迷,在此之前,由于中国政府对资本的控制,外国投资者一直被挡在A股市场门外,而A股市场才是中国主要的证券市场。
瑞士银行亚洲股票负责人John Holland告诉道琼斯通讯社(Dow Jones Newswires)说,难以想象,曾经紧闭的大门如今敞开了。
Holland参与过韩国、台湾和印度的市场开放机制的建立,他表示,与其他国家一样,中国在开放资本项目方面面临著类似的挑战。
Holland表示,从许多方面看,中国的QFII机制更加开放,但目前还处于开放过程的初期阶段,瑞士银行期望中国在未来会实行进一步的开放措施。
根据QFII机制,只有主要外国投资公司、养老金和基金管理公司才具备投资者的资格,尽管如此,投资中国A股市场的上限仍被限定在8亿美元内。
为了严格控制热钱(即国际间为追逐利差而不停流动的短期资金)流出中国并引发金融危机,QFII机制同时要求,资金在汇出前应至少在中国保留一年。
瑞士银行于5月26日获得中国证券监督管理委员会(China Securities Regulatory Commission)批准,成为第一家合格的境外机构投资者。
国家外汇管理局(State Administration of Foreign Exchange)也随即在两周内批准了3亿美元这一瑞士银行可以投入中国A股市场和债券市场的资金上限。
瑞士银行亚洲(UBS Asia)董事长Rodney Ward赞扬称,公司将为此进行的为期3年的准备工作放在首位,正是这些工作确保了该公司成为首批提交QFII资格申请的公司之一。
华尔街投资银行高盛(Goldman Sachs, GS)本周成为第五家获得监管机构批准的境外机构投资者,前4家是瑞士银行、野村证券(Nomura Securities Co.)、Citigroup Global Markets Ltd.和摩根士丹利(Morgan Stanley, MWD)。
瑞士银行的袁淑琴说,尽管对上海和深圳证券交易所上市的1,200多家公司有著广泛的兴趣,瑞士银行目前还不会将3亿美元的资本全部投入A股市场。
袁淑琴说,瑞士银行申请这一上限是为了确保有足够的空间来满足投资者所有潜在的兴趣。
她说,现在仍属早期,还需要一段时间才能断定是否需要动用全部投资资金,但公司已经注意到投资者对(中国股市)有著很大兴趣。
袁淑琴表示,由于外国投资者强烈要求获得更多有关A股公司的信息,瑞士银行将股票研究跟踪范围扩大至30-40家公司,并计划明年再增加50家公司。
她说,这就如同打开大坝的闸门,一旦闸门被打开,就会有更多的信息流出,而更多的信息将促使投资者对这一市场产生更大的兴趣。