国际公司对欧洲MBA情有独钟

Europe Dominates M.B.A. Survey

Nearly two years after Laura D'Andrea Tyson took over as dean, London Business School has received the highest marks in a new ranking of business schools based on the views of international recruiters.

LBS, the graduate business school at the University of London, was rated the top business school by 438 international -- or largely non-U.S. -- recruiters who participated in the third annual Wall Street Journal/Harris Interactive survey of corporate recruiters. Overall, European business schools dominated the top 10. Three Spanish and two French schools filled the ranks after LBS, reflecting the growing popularity of graduate-level business degrees in the European Union. Two Mexican and two Canadian schools rounded out the list.

The international recruiters' ranking, appearing for the first time this year, is separate from the Journal's overall top-50 ranking, which includes the views of all 2,191 recruiters participating in the survey, most of them in the U.S. (See related article.) A recruiter is considered "international" if his or her recruiting efforts are largely directed outside the U.S. (See methodology.)

The findings in the international-recruiters' rankings are striking. Even though the M.B.A. is an American invention with a long track record, not a single U.S. business school appears in the top 10.

Clearly, European business schools can hold their own against U.S. schools. "The ability to experience business in many different cultures within such a short distance is a big and growing appeal" of M.B.A. programs in Europe, says William Parrott, director of member services and international programs at the International Assembly for Collegiate Business Education, an accrediting organization in Overland Park, Kansas. "Business programs in Europe are also attractive because of all the business and trade issues, the opportunities surrounding the European Union."

In other findings, French rivals Insead and the HEC School of Management both made it into the top 10, placing eighth and ninth, respectively, in the rankings by international recruiters. However, if all 2,191 recruiters are included, HEC -- a newcomer to the global-50 rankings this year -- actually topped the better-known Insead, with HEC taking the No. 48 spot, and Insead dropping out of the top 50 after being No. 37 last year.

In grabbing the No. 1 spot among international recruiters, LBS benefited from its reputation of having a strong global perspective and from its students' focus on teamwork and personal ethics.

LBS "is unique in its international focus," says Marco Arosti, a banking associate at J.P. Morgan Chase in London. "Top-tier American schools are too focused on the U.S., both considering their curriculum and alumni-network distribution. Since January 2002, I noticed a much stronger emphasis [at LBS] on high-profile marketing and much more quality in the fund-raising effort."
Indeed, since joining LBS during January 2002, Ms. Tyson has worked to improve the school's strategy as well as organize its first major fund-raising drive. Ms. Tyson, who served as national economic adviser during the Clinton administration, also is a former dean of the Haas School of Business at the University of California at Berkeley.

"She's able to advance the school in ways that haven't been done before," says Dina Consolini, director of special projects in the dean's office, pointing to Ms. Tyson's experience in government and academia. For one thing, Ms. Consolini notes, "she cares very much about global learning, and is building on our global relationships with other schools and with the corporate world."

Founded in 1965, LBS is among the youngest of the top business schools in Europe. It also is among the most international. More than 80% of graduates come from outside the U.K. and 70% of its faculty are from countries other than Britain.

LBS this year ranked eighth world-wide for excellence in international business in the Wall Street Journal/Harris Interactive survey.

Studies in international economics are part of the school's required course offerings. Each year, approximately 35% of second-year M.B.A. students spend a term overseas at one of more than 30 business schools with which LBS offers exchange programs. And a shadowing project, whereby first-year students silently observe a manager on the job for a week, has become another way for many students to gain experience abroad. About a third of shadowing projects are done abroad, according to Simon Buller, M.B.A. program manager.

In Spain, three business schools -- Madrid's Instituto de Empresa (IE), the University of Navarra's International Graduate School of Management (IESE), and Barcelona's Escuela Superior de Administracion y Direccion de Empresas (Esade) -- ranked in the top five, placing third, fourth and fifth, respectively. Although IE ranked below London among international recruiters, it actually topped London in the global-50 survey, which reflects the views of all recruiters participating in the Journal survey.

With 24% of international respondents residing in Spain, geographic proximity may have played at least a partial role in the survey's results. However, recruiters outside Spain also noted the programs' focus on practical skills and students' ability to adapt to different jobs as distinguishing characteristics.

IESE, for instance, "provides a very balanced, complete program," says Kristoff Puelinckx, a European partner at Diamondcluster International, a management-consulting firm with headquarters in Chicago. This gives the school's alumni "a more holistic view on business than alumni from some other schools." IESE's students also get a strong global perspective on business, he adds, noting that "it makes it very easy for us to later put them to work in any part of the world, including Asia or Latin America."

Madrid's IE ranked seventh among business schools world-wide selected for excellence in entrepreneurship. At least, in part, this is due to the school's history, says director of communications Ulla Maculan. "Thirty years ago, two entrepreneurs founded the school. They took it as their obligation to focus on entrepreneurship, and this has been a strong part of our curriculum ever since," Ms. Maculan says. Today, more than 15% of IE's graduates start their own businesses after completing the program.

As for Esade, "I've always been impressed by the positive attitude of Esade graduates and their ability to adapt to different situations and adopt different perspectives," says Mireia Gimeno, director of human-resources operations at Caprabo SA, a Barcelona-based distribution company.

In France, HEC School of Management scored high enough for the first time to be included in the top-50 global rankings. Recruiters gave HEC strong ratings for its curriculum, international perspective, and students' general-management point-of-view, analytical and problem-solving skills.

HEC's lowest scores were for students' awareness of corporate-citizenship issues, the retention rate of past hires, and the career-placement office at the school.

Philippe Charrier, general manager of the French operations of Procter & Gamble Co., says flatly: "We are getting great people from that school." He feels they have "a high academic level, together with a great business sense. They are capable of thinking in big-picture terms, while knowing how to sort out complex and technical issues." Mr. Charrier goes so far as to say that HEC "is clearly the leading business school in France and the most competitive one."

Of course, HEC's French counterpart Insead would take issue with that. The Fontainebleau-based school made it into the top 10 of international recruiters, at No. 8. And in a ranking by all 2,191 recruiters participating in this year's survey, Insead ranked No. 2 among business schools that recruiters cited for excellence in international business.

Outside of Europe, Instituto Tecnologico y Estudios Superiores de Monterrey took second place in the international-recruiter rankings. The school, based in Monterrey, Mexico, has a much-wider reach through branch campuses and exchange programs with business schools throughout the Americas, Asia and Europe.

Monterrey Tech's M.B.A. program has steadily increased its international profile in recent years. During 1998, it received accreditation from AACSB (Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business) International in St. Louis. And about 85% of full-time students come from countries other than Mexico. More than half of students take jobs in the industrial sector upon graduating.

Another Mexican program, Instituto Panamericano de Alta Direccion de Empresa (Ipade), ranked sixth in the international recruiters' survey. Since its inception during 1967, Ipade has encouraged and expanded its international-cooperation agreements with Spain's University of Navarra (fourth place in the international-recruiters' ranking) and the Harvard Business School of the U.S. Ipade was credited for faculty expertise and students' communication and interpersonal skills.

About 28% of graduates enter financial services or investment banking; other sectors are fairly equally represented.

The Schulich School of Business at York University and the Richard Ivey School of Business at the University of Western Ontario -- two Canadian institutions known for their general-management curriculum and practical focus on team-building -- placed seventh and 10th, respectively.
国际公司对欧洲MBA情有独钟

伦敦商学院 (London Business School)在国际企业招聘人员对商学院的最新评估中位列榜首，此时劳拉?泰森(Laura D’Andrea Tyson)担任院长已近两年。

伦敦商学院是伦敦大学(University of London)商科研究生院，该院在第三次《华尔街日报》(Wall Street Journal)/Harris Interactive的国际招聘人员调查中被评为排名第一的商学院。此次调查基于438名受访的国际招聘人员（大多非美国企业招聘者）的评分。总体看来，欧洲商学院主导了前十位排名。三所西班牙和两所法国院校排在伦敦商学院之后，表明商业管理的研究生学位在欧盟(European Union)日益受到青睐。两所墨西哥和两所加拿大院校占据了前十名中其余四个位置。

国际招聘人员排名为今年的新增项目，独立于《华尔街日报》50所顶尖商学院排名，前50排名基于全部2,191名受访招聘人员的评估，这些公司多为美国公司。主要在美国以外开展招聘的就被视为“国际”招聘人员。

国际招聘人员的MBA排名结果令人惊讶。尽管MBA首创于美国，并拥有悠久历史，但在前十名中没有一所美国大学。

显然，欧洲的商学院与美国相比毫不逊色。认证机构国际高等商业教育联盟(International Assembly for Collegiate Business Education, IACBE)会员服务和国际项目主任威廉?帕罗(William Parrott)表示：“人们可以在很小的范围内在很多不同的文化中体验商业经历，这是欧洲的MBA项目的一个很大看点，而且越来越具吸引力。他说：“欧洲的工商管理项目具吸引力的另一原因是围绕欧盟展开的一系列商业贸易课题和机会。”

在国际招聘评选的结果中，法国的欧洲工商管理学院 (简称INSEAD)和巴黎高等商学院(HEC School of Management，简称HEC)也进入了前十名，分别名列第八和第九。然而若将2,191名受访的招聘人员全部计算在内，今年刚刚闯入前50名的HEC甚至排在了知名度更高的INSEAD之前，名列第48。而去年名列第37的INSEAD今年则未能入选前50名。

在国际招聘冠军的角逐中，伦敦商学院在国际视角和学生团队合作与道德水准方面享有良好声誉，因而占据了优势。

摩根大通(J.P. Morgan Chase)驻伦敦的银行业务助理Marco Arosti表示：“伦敦商学院的国际视角是独一无二的。一流的美国商学院过于注重美国，课程设置和校友网络分布均是如此。自2002年1月以来，我注意到（伦敦商学院）更加强调高调的营销，其筹集资金的努力也更加卓有成效。”

的确，自2002年1月泰森女士加盟该院以来，她一直致力于改进商学院的战略，并组织发起了首次重要的筹资活动。泰森曾在克林顿(Clinton)政府担任国家经济顾问，还曾担任美国加州大学伯克利分校(Universit of California at Berkeley)哈斯商学院(Haas School of Business)院长。

院长办公室专门项目主管Dina Consolini说：“泰森能以前所未见的方式领导学校前进。”她指的是泰森在政府和学术界的经验，并强调：“她非常关注具有全球意义的学识，并在巩固我校与他校和业界的全球合作。”

伦敦商学院创办于1965年，是欧洲顶尖商学院中最年轻的一所，同时也是最国际化的一所，80%以上的学生和70%的教师都来自英国之外的国家。

在今年《华尔街日报》/Harris Interactive对全球商学院的调查评选中，伦敦商学院由于在国际商务方面的出色表现而位列第八。

国际经济学是伦敦商学院的必修课之一。每年约有35%的MBA二年级学生会被交换至海外进行一学期的学习，目前与伦敦商学院开展交换学生合作项目的海外院校有30多所。伦敦商学院还要求刚入学的一年级学生对一位管理人员的工作进行一周追踪观察，这成为许多学生在国外获取经验的另一途径。据MBA项目经理西蒙(Simon Buller)称，约有三分之一的追踪观察是在国外进行的。

西班牙有三所商学院入选前五名，它们是马德里的Instituto de Empresa(简称IE),拿瓦拉大学(University of Navarra)的International Graduate School of Management(简称IESE)和巴塞罗那的Escuela Superior de Administracion y Direccion de Empresas (简称Esade)，分别名列第三、第四和第五。尽管IE在国际招聘人员评选中落后于伦敦商学院，但在反映总体受访者意见的全球前50名中，它却排在伦敦商学院之前。

由于受访的国际招聘人员有24%居住在西班牙，地理优势至少也对调查结果造成了部分影响。然而西班牙以外的招聘人员也强调，注重培养学生的实践技能和对不同工作岗位的适应能力，是这几所西班牙商学院的突出优势。

总部在芝加哥的管理咨询公司Diamondcluster International的欧洲合伙人Kristoff Puelinckx说，IESE提供的是一个全面发展、很有竞争力的项目，该校毕业生比其他院校学生更能从全局角度进行商业思考。他强调，IESE的学生拥有良好的国际视角，便于招聘人员将他们安排在全球任何地点工作，包括亚洲和南美洲。

在工商企业家才能培养方面，马德里的IE在全球的商学院中名列第七。该院负责交流工作的主任Ulla Maculan表示，这应部份归功于学校历史。该商学院是三十年前由两名企业家创办的，二人视培养工商企业家为己任。自此以后，这方面的课程一直是该校的强项。如今，IE超过15%的MBA毕业生都走上了创业之路。

总部设在巴塞罗那的经销公司Caprabo SA的人力资源部主管Mireia Gimeno说：“Esade毕业生积极主动的态度，应对不同情况和采纳不同观点的能力，给我留下了深刻印象。”

法国的HEC School of Management在这次评选中首度入围全球前50名。国际招聘人员对该校的课程设置、国际视角、学生的综合管理能力和分析、解决问题的技巧评价都很高。

HEC得分最低的项目是企业公民意识，老雇员留存率，以及学校就业工作办公室的工作状况。

保洁公司(Procter & Gamble Co.)负责法国业务的总经理Philippe Charrier说：“我们从该校招收的都是优秀人才，既具备很高的理论水平，又非常具有商业头脑。他们能从全局角度考虑问题，也知道如何理清复杂和技术性的问题。”他对该校给予了相当高的评价，甚至表示，HEC显然是领先法国的商学院，也是最具竞争力的一所。

当然，HEC的竞争对手INSEAD肯定不以为然。这所位于枫丹白露的学校进入了国际招聘人员评选的前十名，排在第八位。在总共2,191名招聘人员的评选中排在第二名，其国际商务单项获得良好口碑。

欧洲以外，位于墨西哥蒙特雷的Instituto Tecnologico y Estudios Superiores de Monterrey获得国际招聘人员评选第二名。该校通过诸多分校及与美洲、亚洲和欧洲各地商学院建立的交换学生项目，将触角伸向世界各地。

最近几年，Monterrey Tech的MBA项目的国际声誉稳步提升。1998年，该校获得了位于圣路易斯的美国商学院促进协会(The Association To Advance Collegiate Schools of Business 简称AACSB)的认证。约有85%的脱产学生来自墨西哥以外的国家，半数以上毕业后在实业界工作。

墨西哥的另一个MBA项目Instituto Panamericano de Alta Direccion de Empresa (简称Ipade)在国际招聘人员调查中排在第六位。自1967年创办以来，Ipade一直在与西班牙的拿瓦拉大学（在国际招聘人员打分中排名第四）和美国的哈佛商学院(Harvard Business School)不断扩大合作。Ipade的教师专业水平和学生人际交往技能也获得了认可。

Ipade约有28%的毕业生进入了金融业或投资银行业，其他行业分布则较为均衡。

两所加拿大院校──约克大学的舒力克商学院(Schulich School of Business at York University)和西安大略大学毅伟管理学院(Richard Ivey School of Business at the University of Western Ontario)因综合管理课程和对团队建设的重视，分别获得第七和第十名。

Breath Testing Catches On As Way to Sniff Out Disease

Some day a visit to the doctor's office may seem more like a traffic stop for drunken driving.

Researchers recently discovered that tiny molecules found in a single puff of your breath may help screen for a range of conditions, including asthma, cancer and even schizophrenia. A study published this year, for instance, found that a breath test for breast cancer rivaled the effectiveness of a standard mammogram screening.

A handful of breath tests are already available and more than a half-dozen new tests could reach doctors' offices over the next few years.

"People used to look at me like I was deranged when I said I was doing research into breath," said Michael Phillips, professor of medicine at the New York Medical College, Valhalla, N.Y. Dr. Phillips has received several grants from the National Institutes of Health to investigate breath's ability to predict a range of conditions.

"We're now on the verge of breath testing being a standard at the doctor's office -- we're not asking anyone to believe the unbelievable anymore," says Dr. Phillips, who hopes to someday commercialize his ideas through a company he has set up, Menssana Research Inc. in Fort Lee, N.J.

Dr. Phillips says he has used breath tests to detect lung and breast cancer with some accuracy. The two tests look for patterns of molecules associated with oxidative stress, a condition caused by the body's inefficient use of oxygen within cells. Many diseases, including cancer, trigger increased levels of oxidative stress.

Researchers have associated similar markers with conditions such as schizophrenia and organ rejection.

Dating back to Hippocrates, physicians have long sniffed breath as a simple way to check a patient's health. Stinky breath can be a sign of gum disease, ammonia-like breath can be an indicator of kidney problems and sweet- or fruity-smelling breath is sometimes linked to diabetes.

The modern era of breath testing began in the early 1970s when the late Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling froze exhaled breath and exposed it to certain chemicals through a process known as gas chromatography. What he found -- a breath "fingerprint" of tiny, unique organic compounds -- inflated hopes that breath testing could drastically change the way physicians interacted with their patients.

It didn't happen quickly. Researchers soon discovered that breath was difficult to collect in a uniform way and even harder to analyze. Only in recent years have researchers been able to standardize breath-collection techniques and utilize the power of faster, more advanced computer technology to interpret their findings. It's now known that breath contains some 400 different molecules, though the majority of them haven't been studied in any detail.

The breath test for asthma, approved by the Food and Drug Administration this summer and made by Aerocrine Inc. of Sweden, measures levels of nitric oxide -- a marker associated with airway inflammation. The molecule, often linked to smog and automobile exhaust, is always present in the lungs in very small amounts, but heightened levels could point to trouble. Similarly, a drop in the levels can indicate that treatment is working.

The company's machine, which costs about $43,000, looks like a standard desktop computer, but with a long breath-collection tube dangling from it. The machine mixes a patient's exhaled breath with ozone and then reads the light that's emitted by the reaction of the two. The results are displayed on a monitor.

A single test costs about $165, though that price could fall to below $50 if sales are strong, said Aerocrine President Trevor Bourke.

While breath-test technology is still unproved, researchers are gathering data to back it up. In a study of 201 women published this year by the Breast Journal, a breath test identified 88% of breast cancers, about equal to the mammogram. A similar but unrelated study of lung cancer published in the journal Chest in June found that a breath test detected the disease accurately 85% of the time.

"If a person has a negative breath test, then it is almost 100% certain that they are free of lung cancer or breast cancer, and no more tests are needed," said New York Medical College's Dr. Phillips, who conducted both studies.

The American Cancer Society has kept an eye on the research progress of the breath test, a "novel technology that may offer ways to improve standard screening methods," said Robert Smith, director of cancer screening for the American Cancer Society.

In order to improve upon what is currently available, breath-test researchers will have to prove that their screenings can find disease in its very early stages. So far, most testing has focused only on identifying disease, regardless of progression, he said.

Lingering skepticism is still a big obstacle to the technology's acceptance, though those perceptions appear to be fading, said Patrick McCann, chief executive of Ekips Technologies, a Norman, Okla., company that produces an asthma-detecting breath test that uses lasers.

"There's a lot of good science behind these tests," he said. "When we start to see even more, this whole thing is going to snowball."
通过呼吸检测“闻”出疾病

下次你去看医生时，情景可能更像因酒后驾车而被警察拦下接受的检查。

研究人员最近发现，从人们呼出的一丝气体中发现的细小分子可能有助于检查从移植器官排斥反应到精神分裂症的多种疾病情况。

今年早些时候发表的一项研究成果甚至发现，对乳癌进行呼吸检测的效果可媲美标准的乳房造影检查。

许多其他的检测－包括美国食品和药物管理局(Food and Drug Administration, 简称:FDA)今年夏季批准的一种对哮喘的检查方法－都已经可以应用了。超过6种新的检测方法虽然仍处在开发阶段，但将在未来几年陆续被医生所采用。

纽约医学院(New York Medical College)的医药学教授迈克尔?菲利普斯(Michael Phillips)博士说，当他告诉人们他研究呼吸时，人们总认为他疯了。

菲利普斯获得了美国国家卫生院(National Institutes of Health)的几项赞助，用于研究呼吸在预测一系列身体状况方面的能力。

菲利普斯说，他们很快就会使呼吸检测成为一种标准的医用方法了，他们并不要求所有人都相信这种令人难以置信的方法。

追溯到古希腊名医希波克拉底(Hippocrates)时期，当时的医师长期以来都把闻病人呼出的气体作为一种检查健康状况的简单方法。带有臭味的气息可能是患有牙龈疾病的信号，带有氨水气味的气息可能表明肾脏有问题，带有甜味或果味的气息有时与糖尿病有关。

现代的呼吸检测开始于上个世纪七十年代早期，后来获得诺贝尔医学奖的莱纳斯?鲍林(Linus Pauling)当时将呼出的气体冷冻，并通过一种被称为气相色谱分析的过程将其暴露于某种化学物质。他发现了一种细微的独一无二的有机化合物，可以说是呼吸的“指纹”，这一发现令呼吸检测使医患之间互动反应方式发生戏剧性改变的希望增大。

但这种情况并没有很快发生。研究人员很快发现呼出的气体很难用一种统一的方法收集。直到近几年，研究人员才得以将呼吸收集技术标准化，并利用更快、更先进的计算机技术来阐释他们的发现。

现在人们已经知道呼吸包含大约400种不同的分子，尽管大部分还没有被详细研究。

由于这种技术的很大一部分尚未得到验证，主导呼吸检测领域的是一些研究人员以及仅研究一种产品的私人公司。然而，大多数参与者的目标是最终研制一种能够同时检测多种不同状况的多功能机器。

瑞典公司Aerocrine Inc.研制的检查哮喘病的呼吸检测器可以测出呼吸中的氧化氮含量－这是一个与呼吸道炎症有关的指标。这种分子一般与烟雾和汽车尾气有关，总是很少量地存在于肺中，但数量增加可能表明肺部有疾病。

这种仪器每台价值43,000美元，看上去很像标准的个人台式电脑，只有一点不同：一根长长的、奶油色的呼吸收集管悬挂在通常放置光盘驱动器的位置上。这种机器的工作原理是：将病人呼出的气体与臭氧混合，然后读取二者混合后发出的光，结果将立即显示在附近的一个监视器上。

Aerocrine的总裁特雷弗?博尔克(Trevor Bourke)说，一次检测要花费165美元，然而，如果销售情况良好，价格可以降到50美元以下。

在对65名哮喘病人进行的临床试验中，Aerocrine发现，在接受吸入类固醇治疗（一种常见的治疗方法）两周后，病人呼吸中的氧化氮含量下降了30%到70%。

其他公司的仪器使用的是不同的方法。Ekips Technologies研制的检测哮喘病的仪器通过一种经过微调的激光搜索并读出分子。罗马大学(University of Rome)的研究人员对肺癌进行了一项被称为“E-Nose”的检测，这种方法使用涂有某种物质的石英晶体，这种物质可以附著呼出气体中的分子。然后这些晶体根据各自的重量进行不同程度的摆动，随著化学物质附著在他们表面，这种摆动会发生变化。在FDA正式审查前，上述两项试验都不算完成。

和针头说再见

呼吸检测有许多优势。其中一点就是，它不会令人害怕：对针头敏感的病人只需向试管呼气，而不用被抽取血液样本。另外，呼吸检测可能非常适用于血液检测样本很难获取的情况，例如老人和幼儿。

隶属于约翰霍普金斯(Johns Hopkins University)的Bloomberg School of Public Health的教授泰伦斯?里斯比(Terence H. Risby)说，对于采集样本的医师和临床医生来说，风险也较小。他说，另一个重要的优势是，呼吸检测提供了反映人体状况的完整瞬像，而活组织切片检查只能测试某些特定区域。

肯尼斯?芬克(Kenneth Fink)博士说，尽管现在就作出任何结论性的评估还为时尚早，但任何提高现有方法精确度的检测方法都受到医学界的欢迎，尤其是在现有的筛查技术可以改进的领域。芬克是负责评审估新技术并推荐给政府的专家小组U.S.Preventative Services Task Force的计划主持人。

其中的一个领域就是乳癌，每8个妇女中就有1个人的寿命受此疾病影响。如果在早期发现，乳癌是所有恶性肿瘤中最易治疗的一种。但是最为广泛接受的筛查这种疾病的方法乳房造影法可能探测不到某些肿瘤，并导致不必要的活细胞切片检查，更不用说这种检查本身就令病人不舒服。

今年早些时候发表在《The Breast Journal》上的对201位妇女的研究结果显示，进行呼吸检测能够提早发现88%的乳癌，几乎与乳房造影法相当。6月份发表在《Chest》期刊上的一项相似但不相关的肺癌研究结果显示，呼吸检测能够提早发现85%的肺癌。

进行上述项研究的菲利普斯说，如果某人的呼吸检测结果呈阴性，那么几乎可以百分之百地肯定他（或她）没有患肺癌或乳癌，没有必要做进一步的检查。

这两项检测都是寻找与氧化压力有关的分子模型，这种状况是由人体未能有效利用细胞中的氧造成的。包括癌症在内的许多疾病都导致氧化压力增大。

American Cancer Society癌症筛查主管罗伯特?史密斯(Robert Smith)说，这正是医生通常告诉患者多吃富含抗氧化食物（例如水果和蔬菜）的原因。

为了改进现有技术，呼吸检测研究人员必须证明他们的筛查方法能够在非常早的时期发现疾病。他说，迄今为止，大多数检测都只关注查找疾病，而不考虑进一步的发展。

Ekips的首席执行长帕特里克?麦卡恩(Patrick McCann)说，一直存在的怀疑态度仍然是这项技术被接受的一大障碍，尽管现在那些怀疑的感觉似乎正在减弱。