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今年达沃斯论坛主题将呈现多样化

级别: 管理员
From 'New Beginnings' Fresh Ideas

For the first time in five years, no one theme is set to dominate this year's World Economic Forum, the annual gathering of power-brokers in Davos, Switzerland.

Instead, for Klaus Schwab , the hyperactive president of the forum, this year is "a series of new beginnings:" a newly inaugurated U.S. president, a newly elected Palestinian leader, a new European Commission president, a new leader in Ukraine.

Although Mr. Schwab's mission is to hype his Alpine schmooze-fest, he does have a point. While worries persist about the global economy, terrorism and Iraq -- issues that dominated recent years' meetings -- it seems possible that a confluence of these "new beginnings" could help breed fresh ideas and new approaches to old problems, or at least make for lively discussions among meeting participants.

MEETING IN DAVOS


? Need a Room? Ask Publicis




At its worst, Davos is just what its critics call it: inward-looking meetings of self-important members of the global political and business elite talking to themselves. But at its best the five days (and nights) of intense and high-level networking that will begin tomorrow can lead to diplomatic breakthroughs through vigorous discussion of global priorities.

Potentially pivotal heads of government will be there, including several who will be making their Davos debuts: Mahmoud Abbas, newly elected president of the Palestinian National Authority, and Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko, newly appointed Pakistani Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz as well as Jose Manuel Barroso, the new president of the European Commission, the European Union's executive arm.

Granted, President Bush and other top-ranking U.S. officials are staying at home because the Davos meeting is sandwiched between Mr. Bush's inauguration and his widely anticipated visit to Europe next month. Among the biggest U.S. names attending: defeated presidential candidate Sen. John Kerry, soon-to-be deputy secretary of state and current U.S. trade chief Robert Zoellick, Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist and Labor Secretary Elaine Chao.

Still, this week's lineup is likely to help shape next year's calendar of world events. Here are some of the moments to watch:

Tomorrow, British Prime Minister Tony Blair is expected to send a clear message on climate change that may not please Washington, which has rejected the Kyoto accord aimed at reducing global warming. Mr. Blair is expected to set out his vision of how the Group of Eight leading nations, which Mr. Blair heads this year, should take joint action on climate change. Some 30 corporate chief executives are then expected to sign up as an international advisory committee.

The next day Mr. Blair will join Microsoft Corp. Chairman Bill Gates, former President Clinton, South African President Thabo Mbeki, Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo and rock star Bono, who has made boosting Africa his personal passion, on a panel on debt relief in the continent.

Newly inaugurated President Yushchenko of Ukraine will be one of the new stars in the Davos firmament, and he is expected to tell delegates how he is working to foster democracy. Mr. Yushchenko also is likely to collar CEOs and seek foreign investment.

Mr. Abbas will make his Davos debut Thursday. With the presence of Israeli Vice Premier Shimon Peres, a Davos perennial, and three Israeli ministers, informal Palestinian-Israeli talks seem possible. On at least three occasions during the 1990s, Mr. Peres met with Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat in supposedly secret meetings at Davos to search for a breakthrough in the Mideast.

On the corporate front, 43 CEOs are planning to launch an anticorruption initiative, showing that corporate governance remains a hot topic.
今年达沃斯论坛主题将呈现多样化

对世界经济论坛(World Economic Forum)的主席克劳斯?施瓦布(Klaus Schwab)来说,周三起将在瑞士达沃斯召开的该论坛年会来得正是时候。

这个向来在世界舞台上极为活跃的主席特别乐观地谈到了他所谓的“一系列新开端”,这些新开端包括美国新就任的总统,新当选的巴勒斯坦领导人,新的欧盟委员会主席,新的乌克兰领导人,新的巴基斯坦总理以及新兴的中国经济力量等等。

尽管不遗余力地宣传世界经济论坛年会是施瓦布的职责所在,但他指出2005年的会议将是五年来首次不由一个主题占据主导地位,则绝没有夸大其词。我们可以回顾一下,2001年的会议主要是围绕网络泡沫的破灭展开讨论,2002年的主题是发生在美国的恐怖袭击(当时为了表示支持,与会代表还将会场搬到了纽约),而2003年和2004年则是大西洋两岸围绕伊拉克战争争论不休。

当然,经济、恐怖主义以及伊拉克问题并没有消失──在达沃斯会议周末结束后伊拉克将举行大选,但这许多“新开端”或许有助于为老问题的解决注入新思维,带来新办法,或至少能促进积极的讨论。

从最糟糕的角度说,达沃斯可能正如批评人士所说的那样,是一个“内视性”的会议,是全球政界和商界中一些自大的精英们喃喃私语的一个聚会。但从理想的角度说,达沃斯为高层提供了一个为期5天(5夜)的密集性磋商平台,就全球一些优先问题实现外交上的突破。同时,它还能帮助3,000多位与会者了解未来汇率和利率可能的走向,以及政治对峙将可能如何获得缓解等等。

可能出现在达沃斯的政界要人包括一些新面孔:新当选的巴勒斯坦总统马哈茂德?阿巴斯(Mahmoud Abbas)、乌克兰总统维克托?尤先科(Viktor Yushchenko)、新获任命的巴基斯坦总理肖卡特?阿齐兹(Shaukat Aziz)以及欧盟委员会新主席若泽?曼努埃尔?巴罗佐(Jose Manuel Barroso)。

不过,此次会议的时机对刚刚宣誓就职的美国连任总统布什(George W. Bush)或布什政府中的最高层官员来说并不凑巧。他们无法成行的原因是,达沃斯会议的时间正处于布什就职典礼和下个月的国情咨文演讲以及普遍预计的访欧行程之间。虽然尚未就职的国务卿赖斯(Condoleezza Rice)原定出席达沃斯会议,但由于参议院听证会节外生枝而不得不取消行程。这样,美国政界出席会议的最高官员将是在总统大选中落败的参议员约翰?克里(John Kerry)、不久将出任副国家安全顾问、现为美国贸易代表的佐立克(Robert Zoellick),参议院多数党领袖比尔?弗瑞斯特(Bill Frist)和美国劳工部部长赵小兰(Elaine Chao)。

本周的会议或许有助于为新一年的世界事务排定日程,但像往常一样,达沃斯的许多重要会谈都不会发生在预定的演讲和专题讨论中,而是会在早餐、午餐、晚餐、午夜鸡尾酒会以及走廊中偶遇的随机闲谈中。以下是需要关注的一些时刻:

──预计周三英国首相托尼?布莱尔(Tony Blair)将就气候变化问题作出明确表态,这或许会让华盛顿不快;美国拒绝批准旨在控制全球变暖的《东都议定书》。周三晚间,在达沃斯会议中心,布莱尔将就八大工业国(Group of Eight, 简称G8)应如何针对气候变化采取联合行动阐明其观点;布莱尔是今年的G8轮值主席。之后,预计将有大约30家公司的首席执行长签署文件,成立一个国际顾问委员会。

──周四,布莱尔将与微软(Microsoft Corp.)的比尔?盖茨(Bill Gates)、美国前总统比尔?克林顿(Bill Clinton)、南非总统塔博?姆贝基(Thabo Mbeki)、尼日利亚总统奥卢塞贡?奥巴桑乔(Olusegun Obasanjo)以及素以提升非洲形象为己任的摇滚巨星Bono一起出席一个名为“G8和非洲:空头承诺,还是实际行动?”(The G-8 and Africa: Rhetoric or Action?)的减债特别会议。

──新就任的乌克兰总统尤先科将成为达沃斯天空中闪亮的新星之一,预计他将围绕乌克兰将如何促进民主进行阐述,这个主题与布什的就职演讲不谋而合。同时,尤先科可能还会抓住机会与各大公司的首席执行长们进行联络,吸引外国直接投资。

──美国仍将是热门话题,尽管美国最高领导人缺席。与会者将讨论布什就职演说的含义,并就如何解决美元疲软、美国预算和贸易双赤字等问题展开商谈。同时,美国也将出现在伊拉克大选、伊朗核计划以及中东和平前景的争论中。

──巴勒斯坦总统阿巴斯又名阿布?马赞(Abu Mazen),周四他将在达沃斯首次亮相。鉴于以色列副总理佩雷斯(Shimon Peres)和其他三名以色列部长也将出席达沃斯会议,双方可能展开非正式的巴以会谈。在20世纪90年代,佩雷斯与已故的巴勒斯坦领导人阿拉法特(Yasser Arafat)至少曾三次在达沃斯秘密会面,寻求中东和平进程的突破。

──周五,土耳其总理雷杰普?塔伊普?埃尔多安(Recep Tayyip Erdogan)预计将大加赞美土耳其加入欧盟的好处,而曾担任过花旗银行(Citibank)管理人士的巴基斯坦总理阿齐兹可能会遇到如下问题的挑战:巴基斯坦经济、印巴关系以及与华盛顿合作搜寻本?拉登(Osama bin Laden)的行动等。

──企业方面,约43位首席执行长计划联合启动一场反腐败行动,显示企业治理依然是一个热门话题。惠普(Hewlett-Packard Co.)首席执行长费奥瑞娜(Carly Fiorina)将在“企业是否有崇高的目的?”(Does Business Have a Noble Purpose?)的专题论坛上讨论企业的社会责任。其他将出现在达沃斯会场的还有盖茨,思科系统(Cisco Systems Inc.)的钱伯斯(John Chambers),雀巢(Nestle SA)的包必达(Peter Brabeck),德意志银行(Deutsche Bank AG)的约瑟夫?阿克曼(Josef Ackermann),戴尔公司(Dell Inc.)的迈克尔?戴尔(Michael Dell),联合利华(Unilever)的安东尼?柏格曼斯(Antony Burgmans),西门子(Siemens AG)的冯必乐(Heinrich von Pierer),沃达丰空中通讯公司(Vodafone Group PLC)的阿伦?萨林(Arun Sarin)以及皇家壳牌石油公司(Royal Dutch/Shell Group)的范德伟(Jeroen van der Veer)。

──许多这些商业领袖还可能会反复谈到印度和中国的投资机会。作为众多有志于全球市场的印度新兴公司之一,Infosys Technologies Ltd.的董事长纳拉亚纳?穆尔蒂(R. Narayana Murthy)将(与盖茨等其他四人)联合主持世界经济论坛一系列会议。同样出席达沃斯会议的还有印度商工部长卡迈勒?纳特(Kamal Nath)以及印度科技部长Kapil Sibal。

商业领袖们还希望会晤来自北京的中国经济领域最高官员第一副总理黄菊,“他实际上是中国的(首席营运长),”施瓦布表示。
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