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                  Art and Culture原文
1. Art and Culture

SIDE A


OK, today's topic is art and culture and this is kind of like a modern topic, something we can kind of, um, get into here. This is Viv.

Vivian: Yes, well, art and culture, it's such a broad, ah rather spectrum to discuss, You know, I really have to admit that I'd love to be thought of as arty farty, but I don't think I am, so I'm just gonna turn it to you, Bow.
Bow: Hey, my name is Bow. I consider myself arty fatty, but, um, yes I like things from, everything from Hycroppoties to Matisse to Picasso, and Mondrian, and culture, you know everything from the West Indies, you know, pygmies to Yoga.
Luke: That's cool, I don't, I never really thought I was arty, I used to really try, really hard to be arty. I used to try to play guitar, but I wasn't very good at that, and then I tried painting, and I wasn't very good at that. But then I started painting guitars, and um, I have a whole collection of painted guitars. I call it "Guit-art" and urn, I hope I can start hanging it up at museums pretty soon, so look up for it.
Vivian: And I got one of those in my bathroom, too?
Luke: Yeah, talk to me, if you need my number or whatever...
Daisy: Anyway, Let's get into it.
Luke: O.K.

Daisy: O.K. Well, you know, I often considered myself, you know, to have quite a good appreciation of art. But these days, what constitutes art, could be many different things. So, what do you think then is Art, and what makes Art, Art.

Luke: I guess the main thing for me that would constitute Art is, um, it's, well, basically in it's purest form. Art is just this random spurting of creative impulse, like, if you will. And it doesn't really have a purpose, a functional purpose, except for functional Art, I guess. Which by its own definition is, has a purpose, and has a function. But, well, I mean, just pure Art in itself is, um, is something that doesn't really serve any purpose, like it, it won't, it won't grate your cheese, and it won't, you know make your hair smell nice or anything.

Daisy: So, then, you're saying that Art is, functional only for the person that creates it? Cause, Paul Cezanne said that, that Art was in the process, not the finished product, so, if it doesn't serve a purpose, is it only serving some type of, release for the artist himself?

Luke: Or the appreciator of the Art, someone, obviously, people who appreciate Art, appreciate, the same that was evident when the art was created.

Daisy: So then, it does serve a purpose.

Luke: Of course, but not that sort of tangible functional purpose, I mean, it's more of a spiritual purpose, it's more a personal purpose.

Bow: Except for functional Art.

Luke: Except for functional Art like a really cool looking chair. It's cool looking and it maybe might, make you feel something. If it's red, it might make you think, "Ooh, I'm, feeling very passionate, that really speaks to me", and then when you sit it in, you're sitting down, and, hey...

Bow: So, O.K. What do you think about,... Ducharnp, and his Urinals and things like that, Do you believe that, that was Art or not?

Luke: I'd have to see his stuff, I guess.

Bow: Well, it's a urinal.

Luke: It's a urinal?

Bow: Yeah, he just took a urinal off the wall.

Daisy: But, wasn't he the first person to ever do that?

Bow: Well, that's the thing.

Daisy: Right, I mean, it's the same thing with Andy Warhol and his cans of soup, the fact that he did something different, created a whole new genre of Art, which, you know, is artistic in itself to be able to do something individualistic.

Bow: But, is it Art just because of in that sense, it's shocking, because no one's done it before. So,... is shocking Art considered Art?

Luke: Sure, I think it says something about society, it's a bit of a reflection of society. I think that Andy Warhol and the tomato cans, was saying something about like advertising, and no one had been around like this much like banners and this iconographic sort of representation of just everyday things (Bow: According to Andy Warhol) he blew that up. But I mean, a lot people responded to it, and like the comic books and stuff. And just these like really simple images that are just everywhere that becomes the part of the collective consciousness.

Vivian: O.K. But for simple me, who's not interested in Art. Who has no, you know, no idea, no concept, no grasp of aa in depth part of any of the Arts. For me, I just define Art as music, Art. What else is there?

Daisy: Yeah.

Vivian: Yeah, well like any sort of performance, ok. That's Art. It is what someone says, it's what, I define it in my simple mind, but then, when you guys talk like this then it sounds to me like, it's any sort of simple personal (Daisy: Expression?) expression of yourself, of your emotions, of yourself, of anything, so, dance through music, through song, through, through any of those venuses, you can express yourself, and that is Art.

Daisy: You know, Alice Walker, who wrote, the movie "The Color Purple", with the book, she wrote an essay about Art and women artists, because it's been quite a struggle for women to become successful artists, especially, you know, way back in the 50's or in the 40's. But, she was saying that, you know, it's been a struggle for women, but think about what it was like for the slaves, in America, when they first came here. Not only were women, like chattels and basically worked all the time. If they were, did have an artistic soul, how were they going to express it? And she was saying that they expressed it in everyday things. Look at the quilts that African American women made.

Vivian: I was just about to say that.

Daisy: Things like that.

Vivian: Look at the clothes and the quilts that they made. Those are expression of themselves.

Daisy: The negro spirituals that they sang while they were working on, you know, the farms and things like that. There was always an expression of Art, even though, they were in a position in society, where they weren't able to sell it or share it with other people. They share, shared it with their family, and passed it on as heirlooms to their family.

Bow: And through their Art, they have created their own culture.

Daisy: Right.

Bow: And I believe that this is something that, they are forgetting about, here in Korea. I think that they used to have a really strong culture and they had, great art, they still do, I mean, some old things. But they're losing that in the face of, you know, capitalism and ... I think Korea is really losing its national identity that it once had. Whereas uh, if they could take some of those traditional Arts that were so strong, and mix them with modern day ideas. Then they would create their own national identity and then create their own culture, again. And, for bands, and stuff like that, they just rip off other music and just change the language is not doing that. I think that, you know, taking some of the... I'm not a musician, but in all aspects of if in fashion. They actually started a little bit in, for example, the Korean traditional clothes, they're making them more contemporary looking but they are based on the design of the Korean style. Architecture, not so much, it's more based on, again capitalism (Luke: Function) and population, and you know, putting as many people into the maximizing the space and things like that. And whereas traditional style, Korean architecture, was just amazing. It was, there was so much spirituality and philosophy in it, that it, it came, you know, from these people's inspirations and their culture and they created these great pieces of, these great works. And for one example, is take Japan. Japan has a very strong contemporary national identity. If you see, well, ok, whatever, whoever studied what. like I studied, for example, I studied architecture, so when I see a contemporary style building, I can tell you if it's Japanese or not. If you here a piece of music, that, you know, probably can figure out that it's Japanese contemporary style, or clothing or painting. They have, um, they have always have been good at, doing that, getting together and saying that, we're gonna take a piece of our tradition and we’re gonna mix it with this new stuff. Whereas in other countries, um, they're just taking it on, full on. All Right.

Bow: Well, I mean, it is starting a little bit here, but it's not, they don't quite have the idea.

Daisy: Yeah, which gets back to the point I think we were talking about before, with the urinal and the, you know, and Andy Warhol. What they did was incredibly simplistic, you know, in the basest form of simplicity, ripping a urinal, you know, off a wall or putting painting a picture of a soup can.

Vivian: They weren't trying to complicate it anymore than it was.

Daisy: But, it was the fact that, it, it had never been down before and it was shocking, and that, I think is the essence of most Art. Something that is original and individualistic, and the problem here is, of course, you can take styles and blend them to create something new. But if you're just borrowing and doing something that is old and been done before, and you're not putting... Korea for example, Their old, historical art, and their historical music is that uniquely Korean. And we don't have their Asian scale or we don't in music, we don't have their Asian design, their uniquely Korean design. And if they are able to encourage that, make it modern, and make something that is new, and just not borrow songs from everyone else. Then they will have a complete and whole artistic culture.

Luke: But Art is, informed by many things and depending on where the, it says lot about the culture. And the what the values of a culture are, and it says a lot about the values of... and culture in turn feeds off Art. There's a bit of a hybridization and cross-pollinization of those two things. Because when you get right down to it, everything kind of has been done, everything has kind of been said. But as cultures evolve and as they cross-pollinate, ideas spread around, people take that and things germinate and these, weird new formations come up. And I think that's the thing, like, in this day an age, where everything has really just been done to death. It seems, and shock value is the only thing you can do now, like taking, like, religious icons and pissing on them or something. That's not, that doesn't really seem like art... it kind of is but I mean, there's so much stuff you can get just in the world around you and just like taking it with you and borrowing it and making a pastiche of stuff.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: When you travel to a different country, what is the whole point of travelling there. Because there, it's, you want to experience their culture and their national whatever. You wanna, you wanna see, "Oh, this is their national dress, these are their buildings," this is the reason why this country is unique. Why do you wanna visit Vietnam? Why do you wanna go to Japan? Well, I wanna see them in their cultural, this is why their country is different from ours. You see all these Koreans shows on TV. They go to Bulgaria, they go to Canada, they go to Germany. Why? Because, oh, in this country, they have these huge beer halls and they drink beers in these like fifty-foot tall glasses or whatever, you know. That is makes that country distinct and unique and it's own. And, ok, we can't live in the past, but, you modernize that to configure it with today.

Daisy: Right.

Bow: I think that that's the problem. If you go to other museums, and look at other cultures, and their Art, and you study their culture through their Art. It's usually, in a display an exhibition set up chronologically, you see from this is what (Vivian: Time)... Yes, time, this is what is was then and it's moved to here and moved into, you know, certain areas into contemporary times. But, here, this is the strange part, it goes up to a certain time. And, that's pretty much it. All Stops... Yeah, it's not evolving.

Bow: Yeah, that's the end of that.

Daisy: That's not evolving.

Luke: Well, that was a, that was a,... I think that was a political thing. Wasn't there the, one of the presidents I think, had this big industrial boom. And the only emphasis that was that ever put on anything was like we have to develop everything, we have to make buildings quick. (Bow: Exactly) And just like we have to make as many and as fast as possible, and screw the Art. (Vivian: But thats the whole) And just now, I think that they're coming back to this place where, it's sort of like, we have to, we have to live in this city, we have to make it livable, we have to make it nice (Daisy: Aesthetically) aesthetically and that's the artistic, that's the artistic element which has sort of gotten (Vivian: Lost??) put on the back-burner throughout the whole development of a lot of these cities.., in...

Bow: That's why they lost their national identity. Because, you, it's got to be a consistent thing, you can't just stop it dead-on and say like "We will just fix it later once we get a bunch of money."

Daisy: But, it is their, culture, ok, for us as far us to come in and say (Vivian: Criticize?) this is wrong and you have to change this.

Bow: I don't think we're saying it's wrong. It's just, I mean in our opinions, yeah, it's our opinions, yeah, it might be wrong. But yeah, you know, we can't necessarily say that we can give advice like, you know, this is what everybody should do. I mean it, just seems common sense.

Vivian: Not in defense of the Korean side, because we aren't attacking I want to say, but, I mean, look at the Korean situation. We're saying, yeah, go back to your roots and pull from it, you know, and develop, modernize it, so that, you know, it blends in with, you know other ideas of today. But at the same time, look at the Korean culture, fifty years ago, the country was devastated, they lost everything and everything was in, you know, shambles on the ground and they rebuilt the city of Seoul for example, and now it is not a third world country, but it is a very much industrialized city, that can compete with many other, you know, they're in the what top ten cities, biggest cities of the world.

Daisy: Well, you know, I think that where this discussion is going can be a, can relate to any country in the world. Because culture and Art, I think go hand in hand. Art is part of a culture in many different cultures express their souls in different artistic ways that may offend many Westerners' artistic sensibilities. So, where do we draw the line, where do we look at a culture and say "this is ok, but this is not ok" or is it even OK, for us to go into a culture and do that?

Bow: O.K. I was asked this one time, just to determine how people think about Art or not. If they're, whether they're artists or not businessmen, they say if there's a house and in this house there is a Mona Lisa, the original, and the... (Vivian: Oh really?) Yes, and the original Mona Lisa and there's the painting of Jackson Pollock where he painted the whole canvas just black. (Daisy: Right) And there's a fire in the house and you can only save one painting. You appreciate Art, but you only have a chance to save one, which one would you save?

Vivian: Well, people would say Mona Lisa because you can always go and paint other canvas black, Right? (Bow: No) But, at the same time, that's supposed to be a piece of Art.

Bow: I don't know. What is your opinion? (Vivian: That is the question) The question is what would you save?

Daisy: I wouldn't. I would save myself.

Bow: No, you can, you have, you have a chance, you can save one. You are an art-lover.

Vivian: Like I said, yeah, probably the Mona Lisa, Obviously that is the right answer?

Bow: No, There's no right or wrong answer, just like, do you know why you would save that?

Vivian: Yeah, I just said. Because you could paint another canvas black. (Daisy: Black) and then pass it off as the same painting if you wanted.

Daisy: Well...

Luke: Plus it's worth more.

Bow: Well, that's what the thing is it's like, (Daisy: It's worth more.) do you think Art is, you know...?

Daisy: Dose it have a price on it... I probably if I really wanted to save something, I'd maybe save the Pollock. Because, I don't like the Mona Lisa. But that's just a, you know, I would hang a piece of pa, I would hang a piece of Art on my wall, because I liked it. But my question was more getting towards like, cultural relativism. You know, what is, is everything Art, including traditions or you know, (Luke: Customs?) culture, cultural customs, is it relative to culture? Or do we have the right to go into that country and say that this is wrong.

Vivian: O.K. And that is the debate even in America today, they're saying OHey, is burning of the flag is that symbolic is that showing, you know, what is that, the freedom of (Luke: Expression...) expression or is it offending someone. That's kind of along those line. You can never say what is right or wrong?

Daisy: But that's ok. For Americans to say that, to discuss that, because they're Americans. When I'm talking about is people going into other cultures and saying this is right or this is wrong.

Luke: Well, I mean, why not? It's been happening over the history of Art and culture, I mean. Romans and Greeks and (Vivian: History) and everybody and Europeans and Africans, and everything has been mixed together, in kind of an eclectic mix, and the...

Daisy: So it's ok, for organizations, like the U. N. to go in to countries and say this is violating human rights, for example, Eskimo culture, for thousands of years, they would kill their babies, because they didn't have enough food to eat. That was a tradition, obviously, born out of necessity, like most traditions are. But in a culture like that, say, you know, obviously, it's not like that, today. But, you know fifty years ago it was. Is it ok for organizations like the U. N. to go in and say it's wrong, or eating dog meat in Korea? Are allowed to go in there and say that that's wrong?

Bow: So you're talking about more in the aspect of culture (Daisy: Yes)

Vivian: The thing that are part of their culture. O.K. For someone from another society where that not is acceptable to come into, step into a different society where it is perfectly acceptable, I mean, it's not done intentionally with the thought of "Oh, I'm killing a baby or Oh, I'm killing dogs, because for the pleasure, what not?" But here it's just simply a part of the culture. It is a food or, you know. Stamina food, or whatever.

Daisy: So, is that OK? What do you think, Luke?

Luke: Um, I, kind of, it's ... a kind of got to sit on the fence on that one. I think there, there is a real danger to people going to other countries and taking this attitude of cultural superiority which I really resent. I don't think that Western culture... Western culture is superior to any other culture, but there is a sort of post colonial attitude among a lot of countries where they, to a degree, they are interested in what the more developed countries think of them and their practices and everything. But sometimes there's a bit of like danger in these more developed, quote unquote, developed countries coming in and criticizing stuff. I think there's, there's got to be enlightenment on both sides and agreement on there being differences and just, and interaction. And I think that the main thing is communication and having these things out in the open so that people can discuss them. That's a dangerous movement, or this might be opening another can of worms but with the political correctness aspect of things back home. And how people were told to stifle their ideas rather than express them. For example, there was, a bar I used to frequent, it was a sort of slash gallery, I think, Bow, you might remember this. It was a, the patrons were encouraged to paint on the canvases, with paints that were left out, and just create whatever they wanted as they were drinking and socializing. It was a really nice atmosphere. And, at want point someone made a painting, it was sort of a collage of things. But there was, a swastika, that was on the painting, is was very prominent, it was a sort of a dark painting over all. And later, it just sort of, was found on the floor, ripped to shreds. And I think that was really weird that someone would, would rather, I guess that's sort of a reaction to Art. And sometimes art has those reactions, but I think it's dangerous when people refuse to acknowledge those things and refuse to accept them, there's sort of the idea of censorship that's going on. And I think that's really dangerous because, just by pretending some attitude or some practices, don't exist, does not mean that they will cease to exist, I think, the basic thing is people have to be in communication with each other like with the dog issue, the eating dogs in Korea. I can't judge it, but I can, I can just speak with Koreans about my opinions on it, and they're, free to, and like say their opinions to me. I don't think I'm right, I don't think they're right. I think we are just people who have different opinions. And Art is sort of a stimulus for bringing those opinions out.

Daisy: And also, you know, I think that you know, you look at some cultures quite a funny story actually. There was this one culture, in New guinea and you know, Christianity has been the fastest spreading thing I think in Western culture, much more so probably than the internet. That, the, some missionaries from the United States went to this, went to New Guiana and they were just travelling around trying to convert the chris.., the natives there, to christianity. And the ironic thing is that they went in to this one tribe, and the tribe ate the missionaries. They were cannibals, you know. That's funny, I mean, that's one example of Western people not understanding other cultures and going in there without any knowledge, I mean, these people didn't know they were walking around in the bush, and they were basically, you know, meat.

Luke: Exactly, I would never, I would never criticize Korea, I've chosen to leave here for a long time, not because I hate the place, and I have great criticisms about it, if I'm asked about it, I'll point out things that, you know, I'm not that happy about. But I can do that with any where I am at, and you know, I definitely would not want to go to a country and say "Ah, you are doing it all wrong, blah, blah, blah, back where I come from, blah, blah, blah," you know. And some people have that attitude, and I think that's probably the worst kind of attitude you can come. Cause, there's so much to learn from different cultures. And that's what, that's really what it's all about, ultimately.

Vivian: But that's just it, of course, there are things that you don't agree with certain cultures with, same with me. There's lots of things that I don't agree with, but that's the fact of the matter, the fact of the matter is you are in a situation and a different culture and a different society where you, as long as you are there, you should be accepting to their cultures, there, even though, there are things that you don't agree with. Now, when you look at the large scale ...

Luke: Well, I'm not accepting of my own culture, there's a lot of things about my own culture I don't like.

Vivian: Sure, that's what I'm saying, there's lots of things we don't agree about. But when you look at the large scale and then you see this dominant country coming into a smaller country, it's like the opposite effect and yet you have more presence there; so you have more, you know, power to kind of pressure the people (Luke: Sure) or the culture.

Bow: But having a little bit of your own culture in another country does make it a hell of a lot easier to live there. I don't think I, if there wasn't any part of our culture whatsoever, I don't think we could last as long as we have here.

Daisy: Right, I think that's probably true. And actually, when you um, you go and you live in another culture, I think it's also true that you will absorb things of that culture as well. And you do change and evolve, and that's great thing. I think, you know, if, you are learning or you are teaching in some, you know, even, not even know at the conscious level. That's wonderful. But, I was wondering, you know, like most of, we talked about traditions and culture and a lot of those traditions are also perceived as Art as well, especially like, you know, in countries that, Luke brought out before, you know, in the middle east. A lot of their Art and their practices and their rituals, if you consider that to be Art, are taken from a religious perspective as well, which is very interesting.

Luke: Yeah, religious Art, and political art, are probably the gawdiest kinds of Art, I think. But...

Daisy: You think?

Luke: Yeah, but I think that that's alright. I think that, if you look at the old propaganda posters from the cold war and stuff (Daisy: Sure), and or if you just look at the pictures of you know, Christ and just crying and everybody crying, there were so like over the top and just, unnatural, that they sort of, they are sort of memorable for that reason.

Bow: But you have to remember that those artists or artisans who made that stuff were products of their own environment, you have learned form that time on, you've experienced what you have in your life. That's what they dedicated their lives to, they had a certain philosophy that we don't know. I think that some of that stuff is amazing, the Gothic cathedrals, that genera, that generations and generations of, families fathers and sons would work on. Just to make this.., they had the same concept and they had the same goal, I mean, that would never happen these days, in these days.

Daisy: So I guess, what we are probably getting on to here is that, is that Art is a product of your own environment and that time certainly religion was such a big deal, that you were, you were creating a lot of religious Art, or architecture and you know then we go into the phase of, you know, post modernism where you have, you know, the black canvases and things like that. (Luke: Existentialism) Yeah, existentialism. So, is it, actually, that the Art is imitating life, or is life imitating Art?

Luke: I think they mutually inform and influence each other.

Vivian: That's like asking, was the chicken or the egg, they both influence each other, of course. But anything that you're unfamiliar with is sort of like Art to you. Like when you enter into a culture where you are not familiar, everything is unique and different to you and becomes a form of Art, like Luke was saying religion or you know, not just tapestries or paintings but the actual religion itself is an art when you not familiar with it. When it's everyday to you it's nothing new, it's no big deal.

Bow: The difference I see in Art and culture, today is that, in the past, there was always a period of time or movements and now, because, maybe because of all that or, maybe because to go against all of that, there's, really not any sort of movement, no sort of (Daisy: Right) direction, it seems to me.

Daisy: It's very static, isn't it?

Bow: It is very static, and it just seems like everything is gonna turn into this, gonna turn into chaos it almost seems.

Daisy: Right, right, I think that's true not just in visual Art, either, I think the music industry for several, maybe even, over a decade now, has been extremely static. And there's only been maybe one or two artists that have really been, done inspiring things. But, I think perhaps, maybe we feel this way, but do not think that at the end of probably the classical period or, you know, the renaissance period (Vivian: There was a dead period) that there was, you know, this plane of levelling out, perhaps, you know, this is what's happening to us, we're ready to move into the next...

Luke: Or look at Retro everything, everything that's supposedly new, all the new trends and fads that are coming out here are borrowing like shamelessly from the past (Daisy: Exactly), past twenty years, past thirty years, forty years.

Vivian: Well, in any sort of movement you go up and down and up and down, and then you kind of plateau off and then you start all over again, like, Luke mentioned, with fashion anything that is popular today, not just today, you know, five years ago, that was the trend thirty years ago. And what's today is popular today. Twenty five years ago.

Bow: But you don't start off from the same starting point, and that's where it gets kinda mixed up. It's because, and I think it kind of parallels the evolution of technology. Like information, just the amount of information that is going into our brains, these days, then was before. Where people could concentrate more, like Michelangelo did his masterpiece in the Sistine chapel and you know, he didn't have the internet, you know, where he could get like details of hands and things like that. He had to actually, go out and maybe draw his own hand or, you know.

Vivian: He got dead bodies and he actually, dissected that himself.

Bow: Um. That was Da vinci (Daisy: Da vinci)

Vivian: Ok, but that's how they, you know.

                    Art and Culture原文

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SIDE B
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Bow: Yeah, I just think that people today are bombarded with information and it's just clouding their true goal, I mean, I think, I believe basically everybody, every human or anybody that's able to think, is an artist. In the fact that everybody has ideas, and I think Art was probably created, I don't, maybe it shouldn't even be called Art, but we have to label it something, but it just to be the idea of getting that concept or idea into the three-dimensional world. Out of your brain into your hands, where you can actually see it. And it's physical. And sometimes that, what, if you do a good job, and you choose the right medium, then maybe one person or many people will be inspired from that, get their own ideas from it and then do the same thing.

Daisy: Right, I agree. And whether that medium be anything from cooking to (Luke: There's a lot of overlap) whittling woods or you know, whatever it is, if you, just do something (Bow: House work), exactly. But I do agree that I think Art in our society, and our society in general, has become extremely superficial, and I think that's why you see, you know, what the, what's the guy that did the urinal? What's his name again? (Bow: Duchamp) Yeah, when he did that, that was something new and it was something shocking, but what, the danger of those type of things is that other artists get on that bandwagon and think, "well, let's do something just for the shock value." (Vivian: It's a trend) And there is one particular very, very rich artistic, can't think of his name? Maybe you guys know, in ah, he's based in New York, and one of his, famous things that sold for over a million dollars is a fish tank with three basketballs floating in it. And he also does the, you know, the clipping, he made a hedge out of? What's his name?

Bow: Kunst.

Daisy: Yeah, Kunst. He, I watched tan interview with him, and he had the three balls in the fish tank and he went up to, him.., and the reporter said to him, "So, you know, I want to, I don't want you to think I'm ignorant or anything, please forgive me, but can you explain to me what this means?"

Vivian: "Why are you shooting baskets next to the aquarium and hey, you missed the basket and it fell in" (Bow: No) He' said.

Bow: He's, he's very articulate.

Daisy: Right, right, he's, he's, obviously, an extremely intelligent man, and he went on this whole existentialist tangent about "Well, it's, you know, it's human existence floating in the body of particles, of space and time," but he said it obviously a lot more eloquently than I just did. And afterwards he got him to explain each piece of Art. And when you listen to this man speak, you gotta sit there and go "Wow, he's smart, and he's eloquent, and he's intelligent." And the reporter's last comment at the end of the piece was "Well, the one thing that I discover today, is that anyone can be a successful artist, in the 90"s, if he has a good vocabulary." And that's exactly what, you know, the point was.

Luke: Maybe, maybe what Art's function is these days, is maybe just to infuse a certain degree, of, like, if it's too quirky. If the actual Art itself is too quirky, actually you were saying about the overlapping of things. It's sort of how it comes into food. If you have a nicely prepared meal, a dish in front of you, and it's artistic in it's own way I there's color, there's form, there's shape there's a sculptural quality to a lot of food. That's gonna be a lot more enjoyable to eat. Same with like architecture, or landscaping and stuff. People, if people are aware of Art and informed about Art, and the principles that sort of define Art. Maybe they bring that, they can incorporate that into culture. If everybody's thinking in those sorts of ways and functional, functional furniture and whatever, everything else that just sort of has a little bit of a kinda arty, kinda cool vibe about it. It's just sort of makes for a more, a more nice over all, aesthetic -- nice over all day to day life.

Vivian: Why does Art, the definition of Art has changed a long time. When you look at the past Artists, you know Leonardo Da vinci or any of those people, Picasso. They weren't looking for fame when they drew those, those were, you know, came from within and they were trying to express themselves. Nowadays, people express themselves, why? -- to become famous. (Luke: Exactly) Because, they want to, you know, find or discover something new that no one else has done, which is kind of what we've been discussing so far as. History has been repeating itself, and there's nothing new and original anymore. But that's just it, it doesn't have to be original it could be anything that you feel or want to express on paper or through anything. And then anyone else can look at that and feel something to and that should be what Art is, not something that, you know, everybody tried, this kind of pants, and those kind of pants, well why don't we try pants like these, because no one else has.

Bow: But I think you hit on a point, It's everybody should feel. And I think that even if, like people generally think of art as, in the positive way, feeling good about it, or being inspired, but a feeling can also be negative. (Vivian: Right, right) It's the same as like, as Kunst put it, you got a negative impression from this guy, you know, and that, if you were a sculptor, maybe that would inspire you not to do what he's doing and actually, make this masterpiece, that a million people would be inspired by. So I think it's all relative.

Daisy: I think that's a valued point. And I do think that, you know, whatever, whatever debate, you're having, over the history of time, extremists have been everywhere. Whether they be radical feminists or whether they have, you know, this will certainly offend some people, the Nazis. You know, I mean, basically, they were all extremists, and we have learnt things from them. Whether it be, not to do that, or to do that, I think extremism definitely serves its point in society and it is a necessary thing, for growth?

Luke: But they shouldn't, they shouldn't be censored. They should, I think censoring, censoring them is wrong. Because they just go underground. I think it's alright to have them up there and just say, well that sucks for these reasons. I think we have to understand that.

Vivian: Well let's take the recent, recent example, Eminem, not the candy that melts in your hands, but the Artist, ok? Lots of people don't like his stuff, lots of parents disagree and want to ban him, and don't want their children listening to it. But that is a form of Art, too. Right?

Bow: I believe, it's sound, he doesn't sound like an intellectual, but I believe in his, his idea, that is. He's like, in his lyrics, even though they rhyme, he is talking like people talk, at least, that's what I heard when I was going to school.

Vivian: But that's rap, you know, that, we...

Bow: You are agreeing.

Vivian: Yeah, I agree. That's rap, I mean, just because it may not be the type of music that you listen to, but, and they say, "Oh, it's loud, there're just rhyming", but it's not necessarily true, a lot of it. really does have al lot to say.

Bow: And this is the contradiction, too. Most kids learn swear words from their parents, they hear it from their dad. At least in my neighborhood, everyone, dad's swear, you know, to say like oh, no this guy is swearing and he's saying fag and stuff, you heard that from your dad like ten years before.

Vivian: He learned it from his dad (Daisy: But I think...)

Bow: Exactly.

Daisy: But musically, rap, I think was a natural evolution, not just lyrically, but, especially rhythmically. It came from obviously black people. And pretty much, all of our modern music, they have created from, you know, Jazz to Blues, and the, and then it went to Soul to Funk. And rhythmically, it was the natural evolution of their music. So, it certainly plays an important role in our music development. I don't think it should be laughed at, there's bad rap and there's good rap, of course. But, you know, it's an important part of our musical develop-ment.

Vivian: Sure, I mean it could be criticized the opposite way around, and I mean, if all the teens in the world that liked rap got together and said "Mom and Dad, we don't like that old country music you're listening to" you know.

Daisy: Which they probably do.

Vivian: Well the honky-tonk stuff, I mean.

Luke: And and the thing, it's like, it's not the issue that rap music is offensive, or the rhythms are offensive, it's the things that they're saying, within them, in the, violence against women, and violence against gays and stuff. But I mean, it wouldn't be popular if there wasn't, if there weren't people who were sort of going for that. I like yeah, "that speaks to me," you know.

Luke: That speaks to me, you know, to a degree.

Vivian: And that is...

Bow: And it may not be necessarily the thing. Yeah, but I mean that's, that's kinda, that's the thing it taps into a certain vein and becomes popular.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: But, that's, that's like you speaking for themselves, well I mean, that is the movement among, no longer the X generation, but is it the E-generation, or whatever. I mean, but the youth of not just America, but any. country, most of them want, you know, they've got funky hair, and funky clothes and they're listening to this music that's totally against abortion, and this and that or pro or whatever.

Vivian: But, hey, (Daisy: They want something that's out there.) think back twenty, thirty, forty, fifty years ago, there's was flower power, they were against this and that. (Daisy: The Beatles? Beatles) Yeah, sure. (Daisy: The Beatles was banned in some states in America) The youth of any time period, (Daisy: Sure) (Luke: It's a generation gap, yeah) through Art and music to express themselves (Luke: Those things change fast) (Bow: In a America?)

Daisy: But they were, they were.

Bow: Not in Australia, though?

Daisy: No.

Bow: So Australia loves the Beatles, but America hates them.

Daisy: But, actually I was gonna talk about what Luke was just saying. That, there are people out there, that are actually liking this stuff that Emimen or other rap artists are talking about.

Vivian: Sure, even adults.

Daisy: Even if it means, you know, killing women, or you know, raping your mother, or whatever he talks about. But maybe, I was, it's just an idea, what you were saying before about political correctness, maybe there are other people out there like yourself, that are really sick of this, "I've gotta watch my "Ps and 's, and I'm not allowed to call this person this, I'm not allowed to burn the flag, I'm not allowed to do this, I'm not allowed to do that, maybe they're sick of that, and they want to get out there and have this shocking stuffs and (Luke: It's a reflex).., yeah...

Vivian: And, and I wanted to make my point, I mean, for those people who are always arguing, why don't they go and, if there are so man~ people out there like that, they can go and educate their children to not do stuff like that and to, you know, follow conservative or whatever views that you have. I mean they don't go out, all they do is sit there and complain about, you know, oh they're rapping here and they're talking about this and that. Well, they're not educating their own children, that's a whole different topic, isn't it?

Luke: As long as it gets a discussion going...

Bow: The interesting thing that I've noticed, is that, we are talking about Emimem and lyrics and rap and stuff, and that's why in the states they became popular, was because they're hearing, "Oh my God, he just said fag or something," so like that. But, Emimem is popular here, and most people don't even know what he's saying. Why is that, do you think?

Vivian: It sounds good to them, maybe.

Bow: Is that what it is? Is it the music? The rhythm?

Daisy: Well, well, I have to say that I think there's a lot better rap out there rhythmically than Emimen, I think it's pretty straight forward. His rap, it's not exactly technical or complex. But I have to say that he is popular so he's obviously been marketed in this country, and it's come to this country. And, when you have, what do they have to compare to, Korean rap? you know, it's gotta be better than that sorry to say.

Vivian: If you wanna scrutinize it that precisely in detail, hey, it's all PR, and marketing, ok? That's the reason why he's up there. (Daisy: They've got money, probably) There's lots of other rappers who sit there and talk about dope and killing their Mamas and Papas...

Daisy: You look at what's that band out now, that is, all the controversy is around. Is it DJ. Doc? They've got, their cd is all about police brutality and their down on the police and everything.

Vivian: They're saying.

Daisy: That was popular twenty years ago in the States, and Western countries, and that's now coming in now. Perhaps that's a reflection of the movement of this culture, that they are becoming more open-minded and they're going through what we, probably, went through twenty years ago.

Bow: Or just a different thing, like I heard in Japan, a lot of popular music is about MSG. They don't want monosodium glutamate in their food, so that's kind of a big issue.

Vivian: More they could still borrowing from another culture, and not coming up with their own lyrics, or ideas?

Daisy: Well, I think it's probably, more along the line that this culture is now, actually, their experience and an element of freedom of speech. And I think that they are, it's, it must be exciting to them, all of sudden these kids, even if they are not great musicians, they have an opportunity to say. "I think this sucks that police are this way, and I think this is terrible. And that, that's a gmat, thing to happen I think. Because they have definitely been oppressed for a long time by their own people, not by other people, but by their own government.

Vivian: But it's still being censored, I mean, the Korean government still censors a lot of music and (Daisy: Sure) I mean, even, like you said, DJ Doc, or is it Mr. Seo Tae.li, you know, a lot of their lyrics, even whole songs are completely censored, because there're foul language or the material...

Daisy: Right, they might have like beeps and things in there but it's still better than twenty years ago. I know one Korean artist who brought his album out, and there was no profanity in it whatsoever. And it was just because his lyrics were about, I guess, socialist ideas, and humanity (Bow: Who was that?) Bob Dylan like type lyrics. And his album was on sale for one hour before the government confiscated every copy of it and wouldn't let it be sold in the county. And I think we've come a long way in twenty years, and this is a good thing. And if culture and... I think that's what creates Art, is if people have this ability to express themselves.

Luke: But the danger in that, is what, sort of what starts happening, you see it a lot in the Western cultures, where they have marketing down to such an Art... is that controversy sells. And people would say anything just to become famous, just to make money. So it's not about people's better interests and it's not about what you really feel anymore, what, what really, what you're trying to reflect out of society. It's just like being such a...so out there, and so weird and trying shock so many people, that they talk about you and they hate you, so a large part of Emimen's appeal was, you know (Daisy: People hate you), people hated him and some people really liked him.

Vivian: That's the reason why we gave him his fame.

Luke: Sure, Yeah, And the more controversial stuff and Madonna made a whole career out of it, like she's offended everybody all the way through, but always just like a little bit, like...

Vivian: Too cool to really, really hate for real.

Luke: She never went too far out there, but, I mean, that's, that's the thing.

Vivian: And that's the reason why governments restrict Art, including music and TV and what not so much, is because they're afraid, you know, take eastern cultures, for example, in comparison with Western cultures. They're afraid that their society is going to change too much, you know, similarly too, Western cultures. And then there's gonna be violence in schools and then there's, it's gonna be disrupting their homes and the nice culture that they have.

Daisy: I don't know, you know, you look at like some of the animated books and cartoons in 3apan. I think they're way more offensive, than some of the rap that comes out of the United States. But I think that at this age, don't every single one of us think that we can look at some type of Art or music or entertainer and say, ok, this is the real deal, or this is crap, this is, you know, this is just somebody go in it for the shock value. I think if you're at this age you have the ability to do that, (Vivian: Sure) the danger, of course, and I think what govern-ments are trying to protect is children. But, I think that should be, you know, the parents' responsibility, and not the government's responsibility.

Vivian: Well, that was my whole point, too. Government restrict, in that for the sake of children and teens and what's...

Luke: But that's where the families have to be more responsible. It is true that celebrities really are the role models for kids these days, that wasn't the case in the past. And celebrity itself was never like a great thing, I mean now, you know, someone's really beautiful, and they're on a catalog or something supermodels, I like, they may not have anything interesting to say but people want to hear what they have to say. It's kinda bizarre, you know.

Vivian: It was kinda like the Wheel of Fortune Vanna White deal, you know, she was on there for like ten years, and everyone's like "hot babe, hot babe", they used to bet on what color dress she'd wear, every day of the week. (Daisy: Really?) Yeah. But then, all of a sudden one day, what was it, the early nineties? All of a sudden they said "We wanna hear Vanna talk" and so she started to say "Hi", and then the next line after a couple of months was "Hi everyone" and then now she actually has two lines to say on each show.

Luke: And it used to be like, it used to be like, the thinkers, the writers, and politicians, philosophers that would sort of form public opinion, who would be the people who sort of defined what a culture was about and now, it says a lot. In that the media, and the stars of the media are the ones sort of, are considered to be the artists and visionaries and the ones that kids wanna emulate, wanna be like, and there the ones who have such sway.

Vivian: But I agree they have a lot of force but I still agree parents all the way control everything. If they uh, got a real good grip on their children from an early start, if all the parents did, you know, the masses all together, you know, got together and said, "Hey, we're really watching our kids, we're giving them good foundations and morals and..."

Bow: You have to be told not to fully trust the media.

Daisy: Well, Bow, you know I know you have a child, and I was wondering how do, how do you feel about, like probably, pornographic comic books or that type of influence with your child?

Bow: I personally like them, I wouldn't like, I wouldn't like her to see them that early on, but the thing that's kind of interesting is like, the fact that they say it takes a village to raise a child. It's true, because, if you think about like, for example, these days children in the world, in most developed countries, they play video games, that's a fun thing for them. But in Japan, the more popular games are very, very violent. But, the real violence takes place in American schools, who aren't allow to play those games, you know. So, why is it? Is it because they see TV, because they're oppressed, why doesn't that much violence happen in Japan?

Daisy: Maybe we don't know about, well, they don't have guns, right?

Bow: Is that why? Is it because of guns? You think that there wouldn't be as much violence in America without the guns? I mean, yeah.

Daisy: I think that, well, people wouldn't die as often, I guess.

Vivian: But isn't, it always the fact with the things you don't know, the inhibitions that you have, anyway, anything that you want to, it's not open for you, to, like if your parents say, "Don't touch? you wanna touch.

Daisy: Uh. Interesting point. Then could Art be defined as an expression of something that has been suppressed. Perhaps that the, the sexual comic books and that type of behavior in Japan, that, is so common, is sexual, because of sexual repression in their culture?

Vivian: Maybe.

Luke: Yeah, it's a probably pretty hard one to sift through, well, I mean.

Bow: It depends on the content, too. I mean if you think about like, in America they say, you know, "Don't look at Playboys when you're young.", or something, but yeah, we want to, cause we, we like naked chicks, you know. But it's not like bondage or tying up woman or repressing them or anything, it's just like...

Vivian: Like what? A woman with big boobs?

Bow: Yeah, exactly.

Luke: What's the difference between pornography and erotica, though. They say that pornography is racy and offensive and very base in crass.

Daisy: It degrades women.

Luke: But erotica is artistic. (Bow: Who are they?) People, in general, they define, you know pornography is pornography and erotica is erotica, and erotica has this higher standing. And it (Daisy: Artistic.) has more of an artistic element to it.

Daisy: Well, I don't know, but you know, exactly, what you just said that Brandon there, I think like that, goes back to the point I made before that, (Bow: I'm Bow) you know, America... Exactly, what you just said that, Bow, it goes back to the point I was talking about before, that in America, you know, women, you were saying that, it just seems natural looking at woman with big boobs, but maybe that's because American society is not sexually repressed.

Bow: I think that, they think that pornography is when women are being debased in film or (Daisy: Yeah, like putting dog collars on them), exactly, when they're making woman to look bad, whereas erotica is more a mutual consensual thing between men and woman.

Daisy: Yeah, I think that's acceptable pornography or erotica, if you like, as long as both parties are involved in some mutually acceptable act. That's okay.

Luke: What about the Robert Mapplethorpe? Pornography or Art? Robert Napplethorpe was a homosexual photographer who took pictures of black men's penises but he also took pictures of flowers. And he had an exhibition, in Boston, of the black men's penises and there was protests that "This is the pornography".

Vivian: O.K. Then he was just a queer with like two personalities, ok? How about this? In a newspaper like six months ago, it was the Herald or something like that, there was a picture in the culture/Art section, it was about some movie set where they had like five hundred nude people lying in the streets. Well, I was, I just happen to be reading the opposite page when my friend's daughter comes running up and my friend and I were reading this one article on the opposite side, but she comes and says "There, you know, there's butt-naked people all over the picture on the newspaper" I mean, and then my friend was very, you know, kind of revolted, and she was like "How could they put like, you know, bare naked people on the newspaper".

Daisy: Well, there's bare naked people when having sex, I don't think that there is anything wrong with the nude body. If, if your, if your, I think saying to a child, because that person is naked, it's a bad thing. Probably, it's gonna give the kid problems later in life.

Luke: What about why is alright to show a person naked if they've been killed or beaten and dragged through the streets of some city?

Bow: Or why is it ok?

Luke: To celebrate it.

Bow: Yes, on National Geographic where you can see African woman's breast. Why is that different?

Vivian: Yeah, why is that considered Art.

Daisy: As long as, if nudity is represented as something that's debased like a woman with a dog collar being whipped with a cat of nine tails. Then of course, there's something wrong with that. But the human body in itself, if it's naked and there's a picture of it being naked. I don't see that there's anything offensive about that, if there's something offensive about that then there's something wrong with my naked body.

Luke: What if it's a man with.., being whipped by a cat's nine tails?

Bow: Exactly, Robert Mapplethorpe, same thing, same guy. That's what he had. He had homosexuals, in weird positions, one guy was pissing in another guy's mouth, but then again he was a great photographer. He did, he made great black and white pictures.

Daisy: Fair enough, but both of those guys were kind of into it. I think the point that I'm getting is that a lot of pornography, if they have a woman in a dog color, with the cat of nine tails. It's suggesting something about a women's subservience, and submissiveness to a male. And that's wrong. If you are perpetuating that ideal of a woman, then to women, in general, that is degrading. But, you know, if, if, that was from a homosexual prospective acceptable, who am I to say, I'm nora male homosexual, so I don't know what is acceptable or not. But I am a woman, so I can, I can offer my opinion from that point of view.

Bow: What about lesbians?

Daisy: Lesbians? Well, they can do whatever they want to. I'm not a lesbian.

Bow: What do you think about them?

Daisy: What do I think of them?

Bow: Yeah.

Daisy: I think that's fine.

Bow: Really?

Vivian: She thinks it's great. But what if I was talking from a very conservative mother's view point, you know, there's lots of mothers who are against, for example, prayer in schools or, you know, certain, when you go to Art class, you see these pictures and paintings of nudes and whatever. I mean, they're totally against it. I mean. (Daisy: But those pictures aren't...) They're saying how can you argue that this is Art? I don't want my children exposed to this sort of thing at this early age or...

Daisy: But I don't think their children would be exposed to homosexual pictures. They might be exposed to, what about David? I mean, look at David that's a sculpture from hundreds and hundreds of years ago and that, you know, that.., he's nude, his genitals are showing. You can't censor that, you can't censor the entire Renaissance period.

Luke: That, that sculpture always made me feel really good. Actually.

Vivian: Did you guys ever, what is that, I don't know what it is called, but there is this hall where they've made like Ten Davids all around this hall and they've chopped off his... (Daisy: His penis?) Yeah.

Bow: The hall of Justice?

Vivian, Daisy: Ha Ha...

Bow: How about the difference between the, sculpture say like, David, where that, was accepted at that time and now it's pornography. But, I think, in his exhibition, people chose and pay money to go inside, if you if you believe that is pornography, and it's offensive, don't go in, don't pay.

Daisy: Exactly.

Vivian: Right.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: But then what about when the artist publicized, it's not something that you choose or do not choose to go in and see, but (Daisy: But I think, it'll be pretty different...) you are forced to almost absorb it. You're forced to look at it in the middle of City Hall?

Luke: You have, just as other artists have the right to display their stuff and advertise it and try to give make them, a living for themselves. People have the right to say to disagree with it and I think that's the thing, that's the thing too, about art. Sometimes it'll shock and sometimes it'll annoy, sometimes it'll inspire, sometimes it'll offend. And that's the thing, that's its purpose, that's what it is supposed to do. And people can't, it can't be stifled to suppressed, it just has to make people like, take an active part, and it's great if it has that effect on people. Because a lot of things are really just watered down these days. And Art is one of these pure, like these good things. If it is done properly and it serves the purpose it's supposed to serve. It will get people riled up about something. That's important.

Daisy: And you know, even the way that women have been perceived through Art, you know, like the Botticelli Beauties, I mean, they were quite curvy, if you know what I mean, they were big women.

Bow: Voluptuous.

Daisy: And even in some of the paintings, their breasts were deformed (Vivian: Sure) deformed and that was like, their breasts had big lumps in them and knowing what we know today, and we look back at that, those women were in like developed stages of breast cancer.

Bow: Salvador Dali had like ants and things on women's genitals you know, just like...

Daisy: Right, right, but, he was, he was definitely disturbed, yeah, I love his Art but there was still definitely something, he, actually Salvador Dali. He had several paintings where women wear severed like their parts of their body were in different, in different areas. And there's actually, a killer on the loose in Europe that's doing the exact things out of Salvador Dali's paintings at the moment. So has that inspired him? I guess the guy was just crazy anyway and a fan of Salvador Dali's. But still it was interesting.

Vivian: Well you know, I thought it kind of ironical, how everything comes back to, well it can't be resolved anyway. Why, because people have opinions Art and culture. This is everyone expressing themselves. So it can never really be resolved. Is it wrong, is it right, is it beautiful, is it not. Like, Luke was making that point earlier. So it's kind of like a matter of freedom of speech, and that can't be resolved.

Bow: Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Daisy: Yes, I was just about to say the same thing. And I think that you're right, it can't be resolved, but I think that's the purpose of Art, to, you know, inspire debate, to inspire thought, to inspire.

Vivian: And there's always going to be critics who don't agree.

1. 第2册1. Art and Culture的前14分钟49.6秒语音对应的文本

                1. Art and Culture

SIDE A


OK, today's topic is art and culture and this is kind of like a modern topic, something we can kind of, um, get into here. This is Viv.

Vivian: Yes, well, art and culture, it's such a broad, ah rather spectrum to discuss, You know, I really have to admit that I'd love to be thought of as arty farty, but I don't think I am, so I'm just gonna turn it to you, Bow.
Bow: Hey, my name is Bow. I consider myself arty fatty, but, um, yes I like things from, everything from Hycroppoties to Matisse to Picasso, and Mondrian, and culture, you know everything from the West Indies, you know, pygmies to Yoga.
Luke: That's cool, I don't, I never really thought I was arty, I used to really try, really hard to be arty. I used to try to play guitar, but I wasn't very good at that, and then I tried painting, and I wasn't very good at that. But then I started painting guitars, and um, I have a whole collection of painted guitars. I call it "Guit-art" and urn, I hope I can start hanging it up at museums pretty soon, so look up for it.
Vivian: And I got one of those in my bathroom, too?
Luke: Yeah, talk to me, if you need my number or whatever...
Daisy: Anyway, Let's get into it.
Luke: O.K.

Daisy: O.K. Well, you know, I often considered myself, you know, to have quite a good appreciation of art. But these days, what constitutes art, could be many different things. So, what do you think then is Art, and what makes Art, Art.

Luke: I guess the main thing for me that would constitute Art is, um, it's, well, basically in it's purest form. Art is just this random spurting of creative impulse, like, if you will. And it doesn't really have a purpose, a functional purpose, except for functional Art, I guess. Which by its own definition is, has a purpose, and has a function. But, well, I mean, just pure Art in itself is, um, is something that doesn't really serve any purpose, like it, it won't, it won't grate your cheese, and it won't, you know make your hair smell nice or anything.

Daisy: So, then, you're saying that Art is, functional only for the person that creates it? Cause, Paul Cezanne said that, that Art was in the process, not the finished product, so, if it doesn't serve a purpose, is it only serving some type of, release for the artist himself?

Luke: Or the appreciator of the Art, someone, obviously, people who appreciate Art, appreciate, the same that was evident when the art was created.

Daisy: So then, it does serve a purpose.

Luke: Of course, but not that sort of tangible functional purpose, I mean, it's more of a spiritual purpose, it's more a personal purpose.

Bow: Except for functional Art.

Luke: Except for functional Art like a really cool looking chair. It's cool looking and it maybe might, make you feel something. If it's red, it might make you think, "Ooh, I'm, feeling very passionate, that really speaks to me", and then when you sit it in, you're sitting down, and, hey...

Bow: So, O.K. What do you think about,... Ducharnp, and his Urinals and things like that, Do you believe that, that was Art or not?

Luke: I'd have to see his stuff, I guess.

Bow: Well, it's a urinal.

Luke: It's a urinal?

Bow: Yeah, he just took a urinal off the wall.

Daisy: But, wasn't he the first person to ever do that?

Bow: Well, that's the thing.

Daisy: Right, I mean, it's the same thing with Andy Warhol and his cans of soup, the fact that he did something different, created a whole new genre of Art, which, you know, is artistic in itself to be able to do something individualistic.

Bow: But, is it Art just because of in that sense, it's shocking, because no one's done it before. So,... is shocking Art considered Art?

Luke: Sure, I think it says something about society, it's a bit of a reflection of society. I think that Andy Warhol and the tomato cans, was saying something about like advertising, and no one had been around like this much like banners and this iconographic sort of representation of just everyday things (Bow: According to Andy Warhol) he blew that up. But I mean, a lot people responded to it, and like the comic books and stuff. And just these like really simple images that are just everywhere that becomes the part of the collective consciousness.

Vivian: O.K. But for simple me, who's not interested in Art. Who has no, you know, no idea, no concept, no grasp of aa in depth part of any of the Arts. For me, I just define Art as music, Art. What else is there?

Daisy: Yeah.

Vivian: Yeah, well like any sort of performance, ok. That's Art. It is what someone says, it's what, I define it in my simple mind, but then, when you guys talk like this then it sounds to me like, it's any sort of simple personal (Daisy: Expression?) expression of yourself, of your emotions, of yourself, of anything, so, dance through music, through song, through, through any of those venuses, you can express yourself, and that is Art.

Daisy: You know, Alice Walker, who wrote, the movie "The Color Purple", with the book, she wrote an essay about Art and women artists, because it's been quite a struggle for women to become successful artists, especially, you know, way back in the 50's or in the 40's. But, she was saying that, you know, it's been a struggle for women, but think about what it was like for the slaves, in America, when they first came here. Not only were women, like chattels and basically worked all the time. If they were, did have an artistic soul, how were they going to express it? And she was saying that they expressed it in everyday things. Look at the quilts that African American women made.

Vivian: I was just about to say that.

Daisy: Things like that.

Vivian: Look at the clothes and the quilts that they made. Those are expression of themselves.

Daisy: The negro spirituals that they sang while they were working on, you know, the farms and things like that. There was always an expression of Art, even though, they were in a position in society, where they weren't able to sell it or share it with other people. They share, shared it with their family, and passed it on as heirlooms to their family.

Bow: And through their Art, they have created their own culture.

Daisy: Right.

Bow: And I believe that this is something that, they are forgetting about, here in Korea. I think that they used to have a really strong culture and they had, great art, they still do, I mean, some old things. But they're losing that in the face of, you know, capitalism and ... I think Korea is really losing its national identity that it once had. Whereas uh, if they could take some of those traditional Arts that were so strong, and mix them with modern day ideas. Then they would create their own national identity and then create their own culture, again. And, for bands, and stuff like that, they just rip off other music and just change the language is not doing that. I think that, you know, taking some of the... I'm not a musician, but in all aspects of if in fashion. They actually started a little bit in, for example, the Korean traditional clothes, they're making them more contemporary looking but they are based on the design of the Korean style. Architecture, not so much, it's more based on, again capitalism (Luke: Function) and population, and you know, putting as many people into the maximizing the space and things like that. And whereas traditional style, Korean architecture, was just amazing. It was, there was so much spirituality and philosophy in it, that it, it came, you know, from these people's inspirations and their culture and they created these great pieces of, these great works. And for one example, is take Japan. Japan has a very strong contemporary national identity. If you see, well, ok, whatever, whoever studied what. like I studied, for example, I studied architecture, so when I see a contemporary style building, I can tell you if it's Japanese or not. If you here a piece of music, that, you know, probably can figure out that it's Japanese contemporary style, or clothing or painting. They have, um, they have always have been good at, doing that, getting together and saying that, we're gonna take a piece of our tradition and we’re gonna mix it with this new stuff. Whereas in other countries, um, they're just taking it on, full on. All Right.

Bow: Well, I mean, it is starting a little bit here, but it's not, they don't quite have the idea.

Daisy: Yeah, which gets back to the point I think we were talking about before, with the urinal and the, you know, and Andy Warhol. What they did was incredibly simplistic, you know, in the basest form of simplicity, ripping a urinal, you know, off a wall or putting painting a picture of a soup can.

Vivian: They weren't trying to complicate it anymore than it was.

Daisy: But, it was the fact that, it, it had never been down before and it was shocking, and that, I think is the essence of most Art. Something that is original and individualistic, and the problem here is, of course, you can take styles and blend them to create something new. But if you're just borrowing and doing something that is old and been done before, and you're not putting... Korea for example, Their old, historical art, and their historical music is that uniquely Korean. And we don't have their Asian scale or we don't in music, we don't have their Asian design, their uniquely Korean design. And if they are able to encourage that, make it modern, and make something that is new, and just not borrow songs from everyone else. Then they will have a complete and whole artistic culture.

Luke: But Art is, informed by many things and depending on where the, it says lot about the culture. And the what the values of a culture are, and it says a lot about the values of... and culture in turn feeds off Art. There's a bit of a hybridization and cross-pollinization of those two things. Because when you get right down to it, everything kind of has been done, everything has kind of been said. But as cultures evolve and as they cross-pollinate, ideas spread around, people take that and things germinate and these, weird new formations come up. And I think that's the thing, like, in this day an age, where everything has really just been done to death. It seems, and shock value is the only thing you can do now, like taking, like, religious icons and pissing on them or something. That's not, that doesn't really seem like art... it kind of is but I mean, there's so much stuff you can get just in the world around you and just like taking it with you and borrowing it and making a pastiche of stuff.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: When you travel to a different country, what is the whole point of travelling there. Because there, it's, you want to experience their culture and their national whatever. You wanna, you wanna see, "Oh, this is their national dress, these are their buildings," this is the reason why this country is unique. Why do you wanna visit Vietnam? Why do you wanna go to Japan? Well, I wanna see them in their cultural, this is why their country is different from ours. You see all these Koreans shows on TV. They go to Bulgaria, they go to Canada, they go to Germany. Why? Because, oh, in this country, they have these huge beer halls and they drink beers in these like fifty-foot tall glasses or whatever, you know. That is makes that country distinct and unique and it's own. And, ok, we can't live in the past, but, you modernize that to configure it with today.

Daisy: Right.

Bow: I think that that's the problem. If you go to other museums, and look at other cultures, and their Art, and you study their culture through their Art. It's usually, in a display an exhibition set up chronologically, you see from this is what (Vivian: Time)... Yes, time, this is what is was then and it's moved to here and moved into, you know, certain areas into contemporary times. But, here, this is the strange part, it goes up to a certain time. And, that's pretty much it. All Stops... Yeah, it's not evolving.

Bow: Yeah, that's the end of that.

Daisy: That's not evolving.

Luke: Well, that was a, that was a,... I think that was a political thing. Wasn't there the, one of the presidents I think, had this big industrial boom. And the only emphasis that was that ever put on anything was like we have to develop everything, we have to make buildings quick. (Bow: Exactly) And just like we have to make as many and as fast as possible, and screw the Art. (Vivian: But thats the whole) And just now, I think that they're coming back to this place where, it's sort of like, we have to, we have to live in this city, we have to make it livable, we have to make it nice (Daisy: Aesthetically) aesthetically and that's the artistic, that's the artistic element which has sort of gotten (Vivian: Lost??) put on the back-burner throughout the whole development of a lot of these cities.., in...

Bow: That's why they lost their national identity. Because, you, it's got to be a consistent thing, you can't just stop it dead-on and say like "We will just fix it later once we get a bunch of money."

Daisy: But, it is their, culture, ok, for us as far us to come in and say (Vivian: Criticize?) this is wrong and you have to change this.

Bow: I don't think we're saying it's wrong. It's just, I mean in our opinions, yeah, it's our opinions, yeah, it might be wrong. But yeah, you know, we can't necessarily say that we can give advice like, you know, this is what everybody should do. I mean it, just seems common sense.

Vivian: Not in defense of the Korean side, because we aren't attacking I want to say, but, I mean, look at the Korean situation. We're saying, yeah, go back to your roots and pull from it, you know, and develop, modernize it, so that, you know, it blends in with, you know other ideas of today. But at the same time, look at the Korean culture, fifty years ago, the country was devastated, they lost everything and everything was in, you know, shambles on the ground and they rebuilt the city of Seoul for example, and now it is not a third world country, but it is a very much industrialized city, that can compete with many other, you know, they're in the what top ten cities, biggest cities of the world.

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2. 第2册 1.Art and Culture的14分钟49.6秒到29分03秒语音对应的文本



Daisy: Well, you know, I think that where this discussion is going can be a, can relate to any country in the world. Because culture and Art, I think go hand in hand. Art is part of a culture in many different cultures express their souls in different artistic ways that may offend many Westerners' artistic sensibilities. So, where do we draw the line, where do we look at a culture and say "this is ok, but this is not ok" or is it even OK, for us to go into a culture and do that?

Bow: O.K. I was asked this one time, just to determine how people think about Art or not. If they're, whether they're artists or not businessmen, they say if there's a house and in this house there is a Mona Lisa, the original, and the... (Vivian: Oh really?) Yes, and the original Mona Lisa and there's the painting of Jackson Pollock where he painted the whole canvas just black. (Daisy: Right) And there's a fire in the house and you can only save one painting. You appreciate Art, but you only have a chance to save one, which one would you save?

Vivian: Well, people would say Mona Lisa because you can always go and paint other canvas black, Right? (Bow: No) But, at the same time, that's supposed to be a piece of Art.

Bow: I don't know. What is your opinion? (Vivian: That is the question) The question is what would you save?

Daisy: I wouldn't. I would save myself.

Bow: No, you can, you have, you have a chance, you can save one. You are an art-lover.

Vivian: Like I said, yeah, probably the Mona Lisa, Obviously that is the right answer?

Bow: No, There's no right or wrong answer, just like, do you know why you would save that?

Vivian: Yeah, I just said. Because you could paint another canvas black. (Daisy: Black) and then pass it off as the same painting if you wanted.

Daisy: Well...

Luke: Plus it's worth more.

Bow: Well, that's what the thing is it's like, (Daisy: It's worth more.) do you think Art is, you know...?

Daisy: Dose it have a price on it... I probably if I really wanted to save something, I'd maybe save the Pollock. Because, I don't like the Mona Lisa. But that's just a, you know, I would hang a piece of pa, I would hang a piece of Art on my wall, because I liked it. But my question was more getting towards like, cultural relativism. You know, what is, is everything Art, including traditions or you know, (Luke: Customs?) culture, cultural customs, is it relative to culture? Or do we have the right to go into that country and say that this is wrong.

Vivian: O.K. And that is the debate even in America today, they're saying OHey, is burning of the flag is that symbolic is that showing, you know, what is that, the freedom of (Luke: Expression...) expression or is it offending someone. That's kind of along those line. You can never say what is right or wrong?

Daisy: But that's ok. For Americans to say that, to discuss that, because they're Americans. When I'm talking about is people going into other cultures and saying this is right or this is wrong.

Luke: Well, I mean, why not? It's been happening over the history of Art and culture, I mean. Romans and Greeks and (Vivian: History) and everybody and Europeans and Africans, and everything has been mixed together, in kind of an eclectic mix, and the...

Daisy: So it's ok, for organizations, like the U. N. to go in to countries and say this is violating human rights, for example, Eskimo culture, for thousands of years, they would kill their babies, because they didn't have enough food to eat. That was a tradition, obviously, born out of necessity, like most traditions are. But in a culture like that, say, you know, obviously, it's not like that, today. But, you know fifty years ago it was. Is it ok for organizations like the U. N. to go in and say it's wrong, or eating dog meat in Korea? Are allowed to go in there and say that that's wrong?

Bow: So you're talking about more in the aspect of culture (Daisy: Yes)

Vivian: The thing that are part of their culture. O.K. For someone from another society where that not is acceptable to come into, step into a different society where it is perfectly acceptable, I mean, it's not done intentionally with the thought of "Oh, I'm killing a baby or Oh, I'm killing dogs, because for the pleasure, what not?" But here it's just simply a part of the culture. It is a food or, you know. Stamina food, or whatever.

Daisy: So, is that OK? What do you think, Luke?

Luke: Um, I, kind of, it's ... a kind of got to sit on the fence on that one. I think there, there is a real danger to people going to other countries and taking this attitude of cultural superiority which I really resent. I don't think that Western culture... Western culture is superior to any other culture, but there is a sort of post colonial attitude among a lot of countries where they, to a degree, they are interested in what the more developed countries think of them and their practices and everything. But sometimes there's a bit of like danger in these more developed, quote unquote, developed countries coming in and criticizing stuff. I think there's, there's got to be enlightenment on both sides and agreement on there being differences and just, and interaction. And I think that the main thing is communication and having these things out in the open so that people can discuss them. That's a dangerous movement, or this might be opening another can of worms but with the political correctness aspect of things back home. And how people were told to stifle their ideas rather than express them. For example, there was, a bar I used to frequent, it was a sort of slash gallery, I think, Bow, you might remember this. It was a, the patrons were encouraged to paint on the canvases, with paints that were left out, and just create whatever they wanted as they were drinking and socializing. It was a really nice atmosphere. And, at want point someone made a painting, it was sort of a collage of things. But there was, a swastika, that was on the painting, is was very prominent, it was a sort of a dark painting over all. And later, it just sort of, was found on the floor, ripped to shreds. And I think that was really weird that someone would, would rather, I guess that's sort of a reaction to Art. And sometimes art has those reactions, but I think it's dangerous when people refuse to acknowledge those things and refuse to accept them, there's sort of the idea of censorship that's going on. And I think that's really dangerous because, just by pretending some attitude or some practices, don't exist, does not mean that they will cease to exist, I think, the basic thing is people have to be in communication with each other like with the dog issue, the eating dogs in Korea. I can't judge it, but I can, I can just speak with Koreans about my opinions on it, and they're, free to, and like say their opinions to me. I don't think I'm right, I don't think they're right. I think we are just people who have different opinions. And Art is sort of a stimulus for bringing those opinions out.

Daisy: And also, you know, I think that you know, you look at some cultures quite a funny story actually. There was this one culture, in New guinea and you know, Christianity has been the fastest spreading thing I think in Western culture, much more so probably than the internet. That, the, some missionaries from the United States went to this, went to New Guiana and they were just travelling around trying to convert the chris.., the natives there, to christianity. And the ironic thing is that they went in to this one tribe, and the tribe ate the missionaries. They were cannibals, you know. That's funny, I mean, that's one example of Western people not understanding other cultures and going in there without any knowledge, I mean, these people didn't know they were walking around in the bush, and they were basically, you know, meat.

Luke: Exactly, I would never, I would never criticize Korea, I've chosen to leave here for a long time, not because I hate the place, and I have great criticisms about it, if I'm asked about it, I'll point out things that, you know, I'm not that happy about. But I can do that with any where I am at, and you know, I definitely would not want to go to a country and say "Ah, you are doing it all wrong, blah, blah, blah, back where I come from, blah, blah, blah," you know. And some people have that attitude, and I think that's probably the worst kind of attitude you can come. Cause, there's so much to learn from different cultures. And that's what, that's really what it's all about, ultimately.

Vivian: But that's just it, of course, there are things that you don't agree with certain cultures with, same with me. There's lots of things that I don't agree with, but that's the fact of the matter, the fact of the matter is you are in a situation and a different culture and a different society where you, as long as you are there, you should be accepting to their cultures, there, even though, there are things that you don't agree with. Now, when you look at the large scale ...

Luke: Well, I'm not accepting of my own culture, there's a lot of things about my own culture I don't like.

Vivian: Sure, that's what I'm saying, there's lots of things we don't agree about. But when you look at the large scale and then you see this dominant country coming into a smaller country, it's like the opposite effect and yet you have more presence there; so you have more, you know, power to kind of pressure the people (Luke: Sure) or the culture.

Bow: But having a little bit of your own culture in another country does make it a hell of a lot easier to live there. I don't think I, if there wasn't any part of our culture whatsoever, I don't think we could last as long as we have here.

Daisy: Right, I think that's probably true. And actually, when you um, you go and you live in another culture, I think it's also true that you will absorb things of that culture as well. And you do change and evolve, and that's great thing. I think, you know, if, you are learning or you are teaching in some, you know, even, not even know at the conscious level. That's wonderful. But, I was wondering, you know, like most of, we talked about traditions and culture and a lot of those traditions are also perceived as Art as well, especially like, you know, in countries that, Luke brought out before, you know, in the middle east. A lot of their Art and their practices and their rituals, if you consider that to be Art, are taken from a religious perspective as well, which is very interesting.

Luke: Yeah, religious Art, and political art, are probably the gawdiest kinds of Art, I think. But...

Daisy: You think?

Luke: Yeah, but I think that that's alright. I think that, if you look at the old propaganda posters from the cold war and stuff (Daisy: Sure), and or if you just look at the pictures of you know, Christ and just crying and everybody crying, there were so like over the top and just, unnatural, that they sort of, they are sort of memorable for that reason.

Bow: But you have to remember that those artists or artisans who made that stuff were products of their own environment, you have learned form that time on, you've experienced what you have in your life. That's what they dedicated their lives to, they had a certain philosophy that we don't know. I think that some of that stuff is amazing, the Gothic cathedrals, that genera, that generations and generations of, families fathers and sons would work on. Just to make this.., they had the same concept and they had the same goal, I mean, that would never happen these days, in these days.

Daisy: So I guess, what we are probably getting on to here is that, is that Art is a product of your own environment and that time certainly religion was such a big deal, that you were, you were creating a lot of religious Art, or architecture and you know then we go into the phase of, you know, post modernism where you have, you know, the black canvases and things like that. (Luke: Existentialism) Yeah, existentialism. So, is it, actually, that the Art is imitating life, or is life imitating Art?

Luke: I think they mutually inform and influence each other.

Vivian: That's like asking, was the chicken or the egg, they both influence each other, of course. But anything that you're unfamiliar with is sort of like Art to you. Like when you enter into a culture where you are not familiar, everything is unique and different to you and becomes a form of Art, like Luke was saying religion or you know, not just tapestries or paintings but the actual religion itself is an art when you not familiar with it. When it's everyday to you it's nothing new, it's no big deal.

Bow: The difference I see in Art and culture, today is that, in the past, there was always a period of time or movements and now, because, maybe because of all that or, maybe because to go against all of that, there's, really not any sort of movement, no sort of (Daisy: Right) direction, it seems to me.

Daisy: It's very static, isn't it?

Bow: It is very static, and it just seems like everything is gonna turn into this, gonna turn into chaos it almost seems.

Daisy: Right, right, I think that's true not just in visual Art, either, I think the music industry for several, maybe even, over a decade now, has been extremely static. And there's only been maybe one or two artists that have really been, done inspiring things. But, I think perhaps, maybe we feel this way, but do not think that at the end of probably the classical period or, you know, the renaissance period (Vivian: There was a dead period) that there was, you know, this plane of levelling out, perhaps, you know, this is what's happening to us, we're ready to move into the next...

Luke: Or look at Retro everything, everything that's supposedly new, all the new trends and fads that are coming out here are borrowing like shamelessly from the past (Daisy: Exactly), past twenty years, past thirty years, forty years.

Vivian: Well, in any sort of movement you go up and down and up and down, and then you kind of plateau off and then you start all over again, like, Luke mentioned, with fashion anything that is popular today, not just today, you know, five years ago, that was the trend thirty years ago. And what's today is popular today. Twenty five years ago.

Bow: But you don't start off from the same starting point, and that's where it gets kinda mixed up. It's because, and I think it kind of parallels the evolution of technology. Like information, just the amount of information that is going into our brains, these days, then was before. Where people could concentrate more, like Michelangelo did his masterpiece in the Sistine chapel and you know, he didn't have the internet, you know, where he could get like details of hands and things like that. He had to actually, go out and maybe draw his own hand or, you know.

Vivian: He got dead bodies and he actually, dissected that himself.

Bow: Um. That was Da vinci (Daisy: Da vinci)

Vivian: Ok, but that's how they, you know.

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3. 第2册 1..Art and Culture B1的29分03秒到43分45秒语音对应的文本


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Bow: Yeah, I just think that people today are bombarded with information and it's just clouding their true goal, I mean, I think, I believe basically everybody, every human or anybody that's able to think, is an artist. In the fact that everybody has ideas, and I think Art was probably created, I don't, maybe it shouldn't even be called Art, but we have to label it something, but it just to be the idea of getting that concept or idea into the three-dimensional world. Out of your brain into your hands, where you can actually see it. And it's physical. And sometimes that, what, if you do a good job, and you choose the right medium, then maybe one person or many people will be inspired from that, get their own ideas from it and then do the same thing.

Daisy: Right, I agree. And whether that medium be anything from cooking to (Luke: There's a lot of overlap) whittling woods or you know, whatever it is, if you, just do something (Bow: House work), exactly. But I do agree that I think Art in our society, and our society in general, has become extremely superficial, and I think that's why you see, you know, what the, what's the guy that did the urinal? What's his name again? (Bow: Duchamp) Yeah, when he did that, that was something new and it was something shocking, but what, the danger of those type of things is that other artists get on that bandwagon and think, "well, let's do something just for the shock value." (Vivian: It's a trend) And there is one particular very, very rich artistic, can't think of his name? Maybe you guys know, in ah, he's based in New York, and one of his, famous things that sold for over a million dollars is a fish tank with three basketballs floating in it. And he also does the, you know, the clipping, he made a hedge out of? What's his name?

Bow: Kunst.

Daisy: Yeah, Kunst. He, I watched tan interview with him, and he had the three balls in the fish tank and he went up to, him.., and the reporter said to him, "So, you know, I want to, I don't want you to think I'm ignorant or anything, please forgive me, but can you explain to me what this means?"

Vivian: "Why are you shooting baskets next to the aquarium and hey, you missed the basket and it fell in" (Bow: No) He' said.

Bow: He's, he's very articulate.

Daisy: Right, right, he's, he's, obviously, an extremely intelligent man, and he went on this whole existentialist tangent about "Well, it's, you know, it's human existence floating in the body of particles, of space and time," but he said it obviously a lot more eloquently than I just did. And afterwards he got him to explain each piece of Art. And when you listen to this man speak, you gotta sit there and go "Wow, he's smart, and he's eloquent, and he's intelligent." And the reporter's last comment at the end of the piece was "Well, the one thing that I discover today, is that anyone can be a successful artist, in the 90"s, if he has a good vocabulary." And that's exactly what, you know, the point was.

Luke: Maybe, maybe what Art's function is these days, is maybe just to infuse a certain degree, of, like, if it's too quirky. If the actual Art itself is too quirky, actually you were saying about the overlapping of things. It's sort of how it comes into food. If you have a nicely prepared meal, a dish in front of you, and it's artistic in it's own way I there's color, there's form, there's shape there's a sculptural quality to a lot of food. That's gonna be a lot more enjoyable to eat. Same with like architecture, or landscaping and stuff. People, if people are aware of Art and informed about Art, and the principles that sort of define Art. Maybe they bring that, they can incorporate that into culture. If everybody's thinking in those sorts of ways and functional, functional furniture and whatever, everything else that just sort of has a little bit of a kinda arty, kinda cool vibe about it. It's just sort of makes for a more, a more nice over all, aesthetic -- nice over all day to day life.

Vivian: Why does Art, the definition of Art has changed a long time. When you look at the past Artists, you know Leonardo Da vinci or any of those people, Picasso. They weren't looking for fame when they drew those, those were, you know, came from within and they were trying to express themselves. Nowadays, people express themselves, why? -- to become famous. (Luke: Exactly) Because, they want to, you know, find or discover something new that no one else has done, which is kind of what we've been discussing so far as. History has been repeating itself, and there's nothing new and original anymore. But that's just it, it doesn't have to be original it could be anything that you feel or want to express on paper or through anything. And then anyone else can look at that and feel something to and that should be what Art is, not something that, you know, everybody tried, this kind of pants, and those kind of pants, well why don't we try pants like these, because no one else has.

Bow: But I think you hit on a point, It's everybody should feel. And I think that even if, like people generally think of art as, in the positive way, feeling good about it, or being inspired, but a feeling can also be negative. (Vivian: Right, right) It's the same as like, as Kunst put it, you got a negative impression from this guy, you know, and that, if you were a sculptor, maybe that would inspire you not to do what he's doing and actually, make this masterpiece, that a million people would be inspired by. So I think it's all relative.

Daisy: I think that's a valued point. And I do think that, you know, whatever, whatever debate, you're having, over the history of time, extremists have been everywhere. Whether they be radical feminists or whether they have, you know, this will certainly offend some people, the Nazis. You know, I mean, basically, they were all extremists, and we have learnt things from them. Whether it be, not to do that, or to do that, I think extremism definitely serves its point in society and it is a necessary thing, for growth?

Luke: But they shouldn't, they shouldn't be censored. They should, I think censoring, censoring them is wrong. Because they just go underground. I think it's alright to have them up there and just say, well that sucks for these reasons. I think we have to understand that.

Vivian: Well let's take the recent, recent example, Eminem, not the candy that melts in your hands, but the Artist, ok? Lots of people don't like his stuff, lots of parents disagree and want to ban him, and don't want their children listening to it. But that is a form of Art, too. Right?

Bow: I believe, it's sound, he doesn't sound like an intellectual, but I believe in his, his idea, that is. He's like, in his lyrics, even though they rhyme, he is talking like people talk, at least, that's what I heard when I was going to school.

Vivian: But that's rap, you know, that, we...

Bow: You are agreeing.

Vivian: Yeah, I agree. That's rap, I mean, just because it may not be the type of music that you listen to, but, and they say, "Oh, it's loud, there're just rhyming", but it's not necessarily true, a lot of it. really does have al lot to say.

Bow: And this is the contradiction, too. Most kids learn swear words from their parents, they hear it from their dad. At least in my neighborhood, everyone, dad's swear, you know, to say like oh, no this guy is swearing and he's saying fag and stuff, you heard that from your dad like ten years before.

Vivian: He learned it from his dad (Daisy: But I think...)

Bow: Exactly.

Daisy: But musically, rap, I think was a natural evolution, not just lyrically, but, especially rhythmically. It came from obviously black people. And pretty much, all of our modern music, they have created from, you know, Jazz to Blues, and the, and then it went to Soul to Funk. And rhythmically, it was the natural evolution of their music. So, it certainly plays an important role in our music development. I don't think it should be laughed at, there's bad rap and there's good rap, of course. But, you know, it's an important part of our musical develop-ment.

Vivian: Sure, I mean it could be criticized the opposite way around, and I mean, if all the teens in the world that liked rap got together and said "Mom and Dad, we don't like that old country music you're listening to" you know.

Daisy: Which they probably do.

Vivian: Well the honky-tonk stuff, I mean.

Luke: And and the thing, it's like, it's not the issue that rap music is offensive, or the rhythms are offensive, it's the things that they're saying, within them, in the, violence against women, and violence against gays and stuff. But I mean, it wouldn't be popular if there wasn't, if there weren't people who were sort of going for that. I like yeah, "that speaks to me," you know.

Luke: That speaks to me, you know, to a degree.

Vivian: And that is...

Bow: And it may not be necessarily the thing. Yeah, but I mean that's, that's kinda, that's the thing it taps into a certain vein and becomes popular.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: But, that's, that's like you speaking for themselves, well I mean, that is the movement among, no longer the X generation, but is it the E-generation, or whatever. I mean, but the youth of not just America, but any. country, most of them want, you know, they've got funky hair, and funky clothes and they're listening to this music that's totally against abortion, and this and that or pro or whatever.

Vivian: But, hey, (Daisy: They want something that's out there.) think back twenty, thirty, forty, fifty years ago, there's was flower power, they were against this and that. (Daisy: The Beatles? Beatles) Yeah, sure. (Daisy: The Beatles was banned in some states in America) The youth of any time period, (Daisy: Sure) (Luke: It's a generation gap, yeah) through Art and music to express themselves (Luke: Those things change fast) (Bow: In a America?)

Daisy: But they were, they were.

Bow: Not in Australia, though?

Daisy: No.

Bow: So Australia loves the Beatles, but America hates them.

Daisy: But, actually I was gonna talk about what Luke was just saying. That, there are people out there, that are actually liking this stuff that Emimen or other rap artists are talking about.

Vivian: Sure, even adults.

Daisy: Even if it means, you know, killing women, or you know, raping your mother, or whatever he talks about. But maybe, I was, it's just an idea, what you were saying before about political correctness, maybe there are other people out there like yourself, that are really sick of this, "I've gotta watch my "Ps and 's, and I'm not allowed to call this person this, I'm not allowed to burn the flag, I'm not allowed to do this, I'm not allowed to do that, maybe they're sick of that, and they want to get out there and have this shocking stuffs and (Luke: It's a reflex).., yeah...

Vivian: And, and I wanted to make my point, I mean, for those people who are always arguing, why don't they go and, if there are so man~ people out there like that, they can go and educate their children to not do stuff like that and to, you know, follow conservative or whatever views that you have. I mean they don't go out, all they do is sit there and complain about, you know, oh they're rapping here and they're talking about this and that. Well, they're not educating their own children, that's a whole different topic, isn't it?

Luke: As long as it gets a discussion going...

Bow: The interesting thing that I've noticed, is that, we are talking about Emimem and lyrics and rap and stuff, and that's why in the states they became popular, was because they're hearing, "Oh my God, he just said fag or something," so like that. But, Emimem is popular here, and most people don't even know what he's saying. Why is that, do you think?

Vivian: It sounds good to them, maybe.

Bow: Is that what it is? Is it the music? The rhythm?

Daisy: Well, well, I have to say that I think there's a lot better rap out there rhythmically than Emimen, I think it's pretty straight forward. His rap, it's not exactly technical or complex. But I have to say that he is popular so he's obviously been marketed in this country, and it's come to this country. And, when you have, what do they have to compare to, Korean rap? you know, it's gotta be better than that sorry to say.

Vivian: If you wanna scrutinize it that precisely in detail, hey, it's all PR, and marketing, ok? That's the reason why he's up there. (Daisy: They've got money, probably) There's lots of other rappers who sit there and talk about dope and killing their Mamas and Papas...

Daisy: You look at what's that band out now, that is, all the controversy is around. Is it DJ. Doc? They've got, their cd is all about police brutality and their down on the police and everything.

Vivian: They're saying.

Daisy: That was popular twenty years ago in the States, and Western countries, and that's now coming in now. Perhaps that's a reflection of the movement of this culture, that they are becoming more open-minded and they're going through what we, probably, went through twenty years ago.

Bow: Or just a different thing, like I heard in Japan, a lot of popular music is about MSG. They don't want monosodium glutamate in their food, so that's kind of a big issue.

Vivian: More they could still borrowing from another culture, and not coming up with their own lyrics, or ideas?

Daisy: Well, I think it's probably, more along the line that this culture is now, actually, their experience and an element of freedom of speech. And I think that they are, it's, it must be exciting to them, all of sudden these kids, even if they are not great musicians, they have an opportunity to say. "I think this sucks that police are this way, and I think this is terrible. And that, that's a gmat, thing to happen I think. Because they have definitely been oppressed for a long time by their own people, not by other people, but by their own government.

Vivian: But it's still being censored, I mean, the Korean government still censors a lot of music and (Daisy: Sure) I mean, even, like you said, DJ Doc, or is it Mr. Seo Tae.li, you know, a lot of their lyrics, even whole songs are completely censored, because there're foul language or the material...

Daisy: Right, they might have like beeps and things in there but it's still better than twenty years ago. I know one Korean artist who brought his album out, and there was no profanity in it whatsoever. And it was just because his lyrics were about, I guess, socialist ideas, and humanity (Bow: Who was that?) Bob Dylan like type lyrics. And his album was on sale for one hour before the government confiscated every copy of it and wouldn't let it be sold in the county. And I think we've come a long way in twenty years, and this is a good thing. And if culture and... I think that's what creates Art, is if people have this ability to express themselves.

Luke: But the danger in that, is what, sort of what starts happening, you see it a lot in the Western cultures, where they have marketing down to such an Art... is that controversy sells. And people would say anything just to become famous, just to make money. So it's not about people's better interests and it's not about what you really feel anymore, what, what really, what you're trying to reflect out of society. It's just like being such a...so out there, and so weird and trying shock so many people, that they talk about you and they hate you, so a large part of Emimen's appeal was, you know (Daisy: People hate you), people hated him and some people really liked him.

Vivian: That's the reason why we gave him his fame.

Luke: Sure, Yeah, And the more controversial stuff and Madonna made a whole career out of it, like she's offended everybody all the way through, but always just like a little bit, like...

Vivian: Too cool to really, really hate for real.

Luke: She never went too far out there, but, I mean, that's, that's the thing.

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4. 第2册1. Art and Culture B2的43分45秒到57分13秒结束语音对应的文本



Vivian: And that's the reason why governments restrict Art, including music and TV and what not so much, is because they're afraid, you know, take eastern cultures, for example, in comparison with Western cultures. They're afraid that their society is going to change too much, you know, similarly too, Western cultures. And then there's gonna be violence in schools and then there's, it's gonna be disrupting their homes and the nice culture that they have.

Daisy: I don't know, you know, you look at like some of the animated books and cartoons in 3apan. I think they're way more offensive, than some of the rap that comes out of the United States. But I think that at this age, don't every single one of us think that we can look at some type of Art or music or entertainer and say, ok, this is the real deal, or this is crap, this is, you know, this is just somebody go in it for the shock value. I think if you're at this age you have the ability to do that, (Vivian: Sure) the danger, of course, and I think what govern-ments are trying to protect is children. But, I think that should be, you know, the parents' responsibility, and not the government's responsibility.

Vivian: Well, that was my whole point, too. Government restrict, in that for the sake of children and teens and what's...

Luke: But that's where the families have to be more responsible. It is true that celebrities really are the role models for kids these days, that wasn't the case in the past. And celebrity itself was never like a great thing, I mean now, you know, someone's really beautiful, and they're on a catalog or something supermodels, I like, they may not have anything interesting to say but people want to hear what they have to say. It's kinda bizarre, you know.

Vivian: It was kinda like the Wheel of Fortune Vanna White deal, you know, she was on there for like ten years, and everyone's like "hot babe, hot babe", they used to bet on what color dress she'd wear, every day of the week. (Daisy: Really?) Yeah. But then, all of a sudden one day, what was it, the early nineties? All of a sudden they said "We wanna hear Vanna talk" and so she started to say "Hi", and then the next line after a couple of months was "Hi everyone" and then now she actually has two lines to say on each show.

Luke: And it used to be like, it used to be like, the thinkers, the writers, and politicians, philosophers that would sort of form public opinion, who would be the people who sort of defined what a culture was about and now, it says a lot. In that the media, and the stars of the media are the ones sort of, are considered to be the artists and visionaries and the ones that kids wanna emulate, wanna be like, and there the ones who have such sway.

Vivian: But I agree they have a lot of force but I still agree parents all the way control everything. If they uh, got a real good grip on their children from an early start, if all the parents did, you know, the masses all together, you know, got together and said, "Hey, we're really watching our kids, we're giving them good foundations and morals and..."

Bow: You have to be told not to fully trust the media.

Daisy: Well, Bow, you know I know you have a child, and I was wondering how do, how do you feel about, like probably, pornographic comic books or that type of influence with your child?

Bow: I personally like them, I wouldn't like, I wouldn't like her to see them that early on, but the thing that's kind of interesting is like, the fact that they say it takes a village to raise a child. It's true, because, if you think about like, for example, these days children in the world, in most developed countries, they play video games, that's a fun thing for them. But in Japan, the more popular games are very, very violent. But, the real violence takes place in American schools, who aren't allow to play those games, you know. So, why is it? Is it because they see TV, because they're oppressed, why doesn't that much violence happen in Japan?

Daisy: Maybe we don't know about, well, they don't have guns, right?

Bow: Is that why? Is it because of guns? You think that there wouldn't be as much violence in America without the guns? I mean, yeah.

Daisy: I think that, well, people wouldn't die as often, I guess.

Vivian: But isn't, it always the fact with the things you don't know, the inhibitions that you have, anyway, anything that you want to, it's not open for you, to, like if your parents say, "Don't touch? you wanna touch.

Daisy: Uh. Interesting point. Then could Art be defined as an expression of something that has been suppressed. Perhaps that the, the sexual comic books and that type of behavior in Japan, that, is so common, is sexual, because of sexual repression in their culture?

Vivian: Maybe.

Luke: Yeah, it's a probably pretty hard one to sift through, well, I mean.

Bow: It depends on the content, too. I mean if you think about like, in America they say, you know, "Don't look at Playboys when you're young.", or something, but yeah, we want to, cause we, we like naked chicks, you know. But it's not like bondage or tying up woman or repressing them or anything, it's just like...

Vivian: Like what? A woman with big boobs?

Bow: Yeah, exactly.

Luke: What's the difference between pornography and erotica, though. They say that pornography is racy and offensive and very base in crass.

Daisy: It degrades women.

Luke: But erotica is artistic. (Bow: Who are they?) People, in general, they define, you know pornography is pornography and erotica is erotica, and erotica has this higher standing. And it (Daisy: Artistic.) has more of an artistic element to it.

Daisy: Well, I don't know, but you know, exactly, what you just said that Brandon there, I think like that, goes back to the point I made before that, (Bow: I'm Bow) you know, America... Exactly, what you just said that, Bow, it goes back to the point I was talking about before, that in America, you know, women, you were saying that, it just seems natural looking at woman with big boobs, but maybe that's because American society is not sexually repressed.

Bow: I think that, they think that pornography is when women are being debased in film or (Daisy: Yeah, like putting dog collars on them), exactly, when they're making woman to look bad, whereas erotica is more a mutual consensual thing between men and woman.

Daisy: Yeah, I think that's acceptable pornography or erotica, if you like, as long as both parties are involved in some mutually acceptable act. That's okay.

Luke: What about the Robert Mapplethorpe? Pornography or Art? Robert Napplethorpe was a homosexual photographer who took pictures of black men's penises but he also took pictures of flowers. And he had an exhibition, in Boston, of the black men's penises and there was protests that "This is the pornography".

Vivian: O.K. Then he was just a queer with like two personalities, ok? How about this? In a newspaper like six months ago, it was the Herald or something like that, there was a picture in the culture/Art section, it was about some movie set where they had like five hundred nude people lying in the streets. Well, I was, I just happen to be reading the opposite page when my friend's daughter comes running up and my friend and I were reading this one article on the opposite side, but she comes and says "There, you know, there's butt-naked people all over the picture on the newspaper" I mean, and then my friend was very, you know, kind of revolted, and she was like "How could they put like, you know, bare naked people on the newspaper".

Daisy: Well, there's bare naked people when having sex, I don't think that there is anything wrong with the nude body. If, if your, if your, I think saying to a child, because that person is naked, it's a bad thing. Probably, it's gonna give the kid problems later in life.

Luke: What about why is alright to show a person naked if they've been killed or beaten and dragged through the streets of some city?

Bow: Or why is it ok?

Luke: To celebrate it.

Bow: Yes, on National Geographic where you can see African woman's breast. Why is that different?

Vivian: Yeah, why is that considered Art.

Daisy: As long as, if nudity is represented as something that's debased like a woman with a dog collar being whipped with a cat of nine tails. Then of course, there's something wrong with that. But the human body in itself, if it's naked and there's a picture of it being naked. I don't see that there's anything offensive about that, if there's something offensive about that then there's something wrong with my naked body.

Luke: What if it's a man with.., being whipped by a cat's nine tails?

Bow: Exactly, Robert Mapplethorpe, same thing, same guy. That's what he had. He had homosexuals, in weird positions, one guy was pissing in another guy's mouth, but then again he was a great photographer. He did, he made great black and white pictures.

Daisy: Fair enough, but both of those guys were kind of into it. I think the point that I'm getting is that a lot of pornography, if they have a woman in a dog color, with the cat of nine tails. It's suggesting something about a women's subservience, and submissiveness to a male. And that's wrong. If you are perpetuating that ideal of a woman, then to women, in general, that is degrading. But, you know, if, if, that was from a homosexual prospective acceptable, who am I to say, I'm nora male homosexual, so I don't know what is acceptable or not. But I am a woman, so I can, I can offer my opinion from that point of view.

Bow: What about lesbians?

Daisy: Lesbians? Well, they can do whatever they want to. I'm not a lesbian.

Bow: What do you think about them?

Daisy: What do I think of them?

Bow: Yeah.

Daisy: I think that's fine.

Bow: Really?

Vivian: She thinks it's great. But what if I was talking from a very conservative mother's view point, you know, there's lots of mothers who are against, for example, prayer in schools or, you know, certain, when you go to Art class, you see these pictures and paintings of nudes and whatever. I mean, they're totally against it. I mean. (Daisy: But those pictures aren't...) They're saying how can you argue that this is Art? I don't want my children exposed to this sort of thing at this early age or...

Daisy: But I don't think their children would be exposed to homosexual pictures. They might be exposed to, what about David? I mean, look at David that's a sculpture from hundreds and hundreds of years ago and that, you know, that.., he's nude, his genitals are showing. You can't censor that, you can't censor the entire Renaissance period.

Luke: That, that sculpture always made me feel really good. Actually.

Vivian: Did you guys ever, what is that, I don't know what it is called, but there is this hall where they've made like Ten Davids all around this hall and they've chopped off his... (Daisy: His penis?) Yeah.

Bow: The hall of Justice?

Vivian, Daisy: Ha Ha...

Bow: How about the difference between the, sculpture say like, David, where that, was accepted at that time and now it's pornography. But, I think, in his exhibition, people chose and pay money to go inside, if you if you believe that is pornography, and it's offensive, don't go in, don't pay.

Daisy: Exactly.

Vivian: Right.

Daisy: Right.

Vivian: But then what about when the artist publicized, it's not something that you choose or do not choose to go in and see, but (Daisy: But I think, it'll be pretty different...) you are forced to almost absorb it. You're forced to look at it in the middle of City Hall?

Luke: You have, just as other artists have the right to display their stuff and advertise it and try to give make them, a living for themselves. People have the right to say to disagree with it and I think that's the thing, that's the thing too, about art. Sometimes it'll shock and sometimes it'll annoy, sometimes it'll inspire, sometimes it'll offend. And that's the thing, that's its purpose, that's what it is supposed to do. And people can't, it can't be stifled to suppressed, it just has to make people like, take an active part, and it's great if it has that effect on people. Because a lot of things are really just watered down these days. And Art is one of these pure, like these good things. If it is done properly and it serves the purpose it's supposed to serve. It will get people riled up about something. That's important.

Daisy: And you know, even the way that women have been perceived through Art, you know, like the Botticelli Beauties, I mean, they were quite curvy, if you know what I mean, they were big women.

Bow: Voluptuous.

Daisy: And even in some of the paintings, their breasts were deformed (Vivian: Sure) deformed and that was like, their breasts had big lumps in them and knowing what we know today, and we look back at that, those women were in like developed stages of breast cancer.

Bow: Salvador Dali had like ants and things on women's genitals you know, just like...

Daisy: Right, right, but, he was, he was definitely disturbed, yeah, I love his Art but there was still definitely something, he, actually Salvador Dali. He had several paintings where women wear severed like their parts of their body were in different, in different areas. And there's actually, a killer on the loose in Europe that's doing the exact things out of Salvador Dali's paintings at the moment. So has that inspired him? I guess the guy was just crazy anyway and a fan of Salvador Dali's. But still it was interesting.

Vivian: Well you know, I thought it kind of ironical, how everything comes back to, well it can't be resolved anyway. Why, because people have opinions Art and culture. This is everyone expressing themselves. So it can never really be resolved. Is it wrong, is it right, is it beautiful, is it not. Like, Luke was making that point earlier. So it's kind of like a matter of freedom of speech, and that can't be resolved.

Bow: Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

Daisy: Yes, I was just about to say the same thing. And I think that you're right, it can't be resolved, but I think that's the purpose of Art, to, you know, inspire debate, to inspire thought, to inspire.

Vivian: And there's always going to be critics who don't agree.

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1. 第2册1. Art and Culture的前14分钟49.6秒语音对应的文本

                1. Art and Culture

SIDE A


OK, today's topic is
art and culture
and this is kind of like a modern topic,
something we can kind of,
um,
get into here.
This is Viv.

Vivian:

Yes, well,
art and culture,
it's such a broad,
ah rather spectrum
to discuss,
You know,
I really have to admit
that I'd love to be
thought of as arty farty,
but I don't think I am,
so I'm just gonna turn it to you,
Bow.

Bow:
Hey, my name is Bow.
I consider myself arty fatty,
but, um,
yes I like things from,
everything from Hycroppoties to
Matisse to Picasso,
and Mondrian,
and culture,
you know everything from
the West Indies,
you know,
pygmies to Yoga.

Luke:
That's cool,
I don't,
I never really
thought I was arty,
I used to really try,
really hard to be arty.
I used to try to play guitar,
but I wasn't very good at that,
and then I tried painting,
and I wasn't very good at that.
But then I started painting guitars,
and um,
I have a whole collection
of painted guitars.
I call it "Guit-art"
and urn,
I hope I can start hanging it up
at museums pretty soon,
so look up for it.

Vivian:
And I got one of those
in my bathroom, too?

Luke:
Yeah,
talk to me,
if you need my number or whatever...

Daisy:

Anyway,
Let's get into it.

Luke:

O.K.

Daisy:

O.K. Well,
you know,
I often considered myself,
you know,
to have quite a good
appreciation of art.
But these days,
what constitutes art,
could be many different things.
So,
what do you think
then is Art,
and what makes Art,
Art.

Luke:

I guess the main thing
for me that
would constitute Art
is, um,
it's, well,
basically in it's purest form.
Art is just this random
spurting of creative
impulse,
like,
if you will.
And it doesn't really
have a purpose,
a functional purpose,
except for functional Art,
I guess.
Which by its own definition is,
has a purpose,
and has a function.
But, well, I mean,
just pure Art in itself is,
um, is something
that doesn't really serve any purpose,
like it,
it won't,
it won't grate your cheese,
and it won't,
you know make your
hair smell nice or anything.

Daisy:

So, then,
you're saying that Art is,
functional only for the person
that creates it?
Cause,
Paul Cezanne said that,
that Art was in the process,
not the finished product,
so, if it doesn't serve a purpose,
is it only serving some type of,
release for the artist himself?

Luke:
Or the appreciator
of the Art,
someone,
obviously,
people who appreciate Art,
appreciate,
the same that
was evident
when the art was created.

Daisy:
So then,
it does serve a purpose.

Luke:
Of course, 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
personal purpose.

Bow:
Except for functional Art.

Luke:

Except for functional Art
like a really cool looking chair.
It's cool looking
and it maybe might,
make you feel something.
If it's red,
it might make you think,
"Ooh, I'm,
feeling very passionate,
that really speaks to me",
and then when you sit it in,
you're sitting down,
and,
hey...

Bow
: So, O.K.
What do you think about,...
Ducharnp,
and his Urinals
and things like that,
Do you believe that,
that was Art or not?

Luke:

I'd have to
see his stuff,
I guess.

Bow:

Well,
it's a urinal.

Luke:

It's a urinal?

Bow:
Yeah, he just took a urinal
off the wall.

Daisy:

But, wasn't he the first person
to ever do that?

Bow:
Well, that's the thing.

Daisy:

Right, I mean,
it's the same thing with Andy Warhol
and his cans of soup,
the fact that he did something different,
created a whole new
genre of Art,
which,
you know,
is artistic in itself
to be able to do something
individualistic.

Bow:

But, is it Art just because
of in that sense,
it's shocking,
because
no one's done it before.
So,...
is shocking
Art considered Art?

Luke:
Sure, I think it says
something about society,
it's a bit of a reflection of society.
I think that Andy Warhol
and the tomato cans,
was saying something about
like advertising,
and no one had been around like
this much like banners
and this iconographic sort of
representation of just everyday things
(Bow: According to Andy Warhol)
he blew that up.
But I mean,
a lot people responded to it,
and like the comic books
and stuff.
And just these like
really simple images
that are just everywhere
that becomes the part of
the collective consciousness.

Vivian:
O.K. But for simple me,
who's not interested in Art.
Who has no,
you know,
no idea,
no concept,
no grasp of aa in depth
part of any of the Arts.
For me,
I just define Art as music,
Art.
What else is there?

Daisy:

Yeah.

Vivian:

Yeah,
well like any sort of performance,
ok. That's Art.
It is what someone says,
it's what,
I define it
in my simple mind,
but then,
when you guys talk like
this then it sounds to me like,
it's any sort of simple personal
(Daisy: Expression?)
expression of yourself,
of your emotions,
of yourself,
of anything,
so,
dance through music,
through song,
through,
through any of those venuses
, you can express yourself,
and that is Art.

Daisy:

You know,
Alice Walker,
who wrote,
the movie
"The Color Purple",
with the book,
she wrote an essay about
Art and women artists,
because it's been
quite a struggle
for women
to become successful artists,
especially,
you know,
way back in the 50's
or in the 40's.
But, she was saying that,
you know,
it's been a struggle for women,
but think about
what it was like
for the slaves,
in America,
when they first came here.
Not only were women,
like chattels
and basically
worked all the time.
If they were,
did have an artistic soul,
how were they going to express it?
And she was saying that
they expressed it
in everyday things.
Look at the quilts
that African American women made.

Vivian:

I was just about to say that.

Daisy:

Things like that.

Vivian:

Look at the clothes a
nd the quilts that they made.
Those are expression of themselves.

Daisy: T

he negro
spirituals
that they sang
while they were working on,
you know,
the farms
and things like that.
There was always
an expression of Art,
even though,
they were in a position
in society,
where they weren't able to
sell it
or share it
with other people.
They share,
shared it with their family,
and passed it on as
heirlooms to their family.

Bow:

And through their Art,
they have created
their own culture.

Daisy:

Right.

Bow:
And I believe that
this is something that,
they are forgetting about,
here in Korea.
I think that they
used to have
a really strong culture
and they had,
great art,
they still do,
I mean,
some old things.
But they're losing that in the face of,
you know,
capitalism and ...
I think
Korea is really losing its
national identity that it
once had.
Whereas uh,
if they could take some of those
traditional Arts that were so strong,
and mix them with
modern day ideas.
Then they would create
their own national identity
and then create their own culture,
again.
And,
for bands,
and stuff like that,
they just rip off other music
and just change the language
is not doing that.
I think that,
you know,
taking some of the...
I'm not a musician,
but in all aspects
of if in fashion.
They actually started a little bit in,
for example,
the Korean traditional clothes,
they're making them more
contemporary looking
but they are based on the design
of the Korean style.
Architecture,
not so much,
it's more based on,
again capitalism
(Luke: Function)
and population,
and you know,
putting as many people
into the maximizing
the space
and things like that.
And whereas traditional style,
Korean architecture,
was just amazing.
It was,
there was so much spirituality
and philosophy in it,
that it,
it came,
you know,
from these people's inspirations and
their culture
and they created
these great pieces of,
these great works.
And for one example,
is take Japan.
Japan has a very strong
contemporary national identity.
If you see,
well,
ok,
whatever,
whoever studied what.
like I studied,
for example,
I studied architecture,
so when I see
a contemporary style building,
I can tell you
if it's Japanese or not.
If you here
a piece of music,
that,
you know,
probably can figure out
that it's Japanese contemporary style,
or clothing
or painting.
They have, um,
they have always have been good at,
doing that,
getting together
and saying that,
we're gonna take a piece of our
tradition and we’re gonna mix it
with this new stuff.
Whereas in other countries,
um,
they're just taking it on,
full on.
All Right.

Bow:

Well, I mean,
it is starting a little bit here,
but it's not,
they don't quite have the idea.

Daisy:

Yeah,
which gets back to the point
I think we were talking about before,
with the urinal
and the,
you know,
and Andy Warhol.
What they did
was incredibly simplistic,
you know,
in the basest
form of simplicity,
ripping a urinal,
you know,
off a wall
or putting painting
a picture of a soup can.

Vivian:
They weren't trying to
complicate it
anymore than it was.

Daisy:
But,
it was the fact that,
it, it had never been down
before and it was shocking,
and that,
I think is the essence of most Art.
Something that is original
and individualistic,
and the problem here is,
of course,
you can take styles
and blend them
to create something new.
But if you're just
borrowing and doing something that
is old and been done before,
and you're not putting...
Korea for example,
Their old,
historical art,
and their historical music is
that uniquely Korean.
And we don't have their Asian scale
or we don't in music,
we don't have their Asian design,
their uniquely Korean design.
And if they are able
to encourage that,
make it modern,
and make something that is new,
and just not borrow songs
from everyone else.
Then they will have
a complete and whole
artistic culture.

Luke:

But Art is,
informed by many things
and depending on where the,
it says lot about
the culture.
And the
what the values of a culture are,
and it says a lot about
the values of...
and culture
in turn
feeds off Art.
There's a bit of a
hybridization and cross-pollinization
of those two things.
Because
when you get right down to it,
everything kind of has been done,
everything has kind of been said.
But as cultures evolve
and as they cross-pollinate,
ideas spread around,
people take that
and things germinate
and these,
weird new formations come up.
And I think that's the thing, like,
in this day an age,
where everything has
really just been done
to death.
It seems,
and shock value is the only thing
you can do now,
like taking, like,
religious icons
and pissing on them or something.
That's not,
that doesn't really seem like art...
it kind of is but I mean,
there's so much stuff
you can get just in the world around you
and just like taking it
with you and borrowing it
and making a pastiche of stuff.

Daisy:

Right.

Vivian:
When you travel to a different country,
what is the whole point of travelling there.
Because there,
it's,
you want to experience their culture
and their national whatever.
You wanna,
you wanna see,
"Oh, this is their national dress,
these are their buildings,"
this is the reason
why this country is unique.
Why do you wanna visit Vietnam?
Why do you wanna
go to Japan?
Well, I wanna see them
in their cultural,
this is why their country is
different from ours.
You see all these Koreans
shows on TV.
They go to Bulgaria,
they go to Canada,
they go to Germany.
Why?
Because,
oh,
in this country,
they have these huge beer halls
and they drink beers in these like fifty-foot tall
glasses or whatever,
you know.
That is makes
that country distinct
and unique and it's own.
And,
ok,
we can't live in the past,
but,
you modernize that
to configure it with today.

Daisy:

Right.

Bow:

I think that that's the problem.
If you go to other museums,
and look at other cultures,
and their Art,
and you study their culture
through their Art.
It's usually,
in a display an exhibition
set up chronologically,
you see from this is what
(Vivian: Time)..
. Yes, time,
this is what is was
then and it's moved to here
and moved into,
you know,
certain areas
into contemporary times.
But,
here,
this is the strange part,
it goes up to a certain time.
And,
that's pretty much it.
All Stops...
Yeah,
it's not evolving.

Bow:

Yeah,
that's the end of that.

Daisy:

That's not evolving.

Luke:
Well, that was a,
that was a,...
I think that was a political thing.
Wasn't there the,
one of the presidents
I think,
had this big industrial boom.
And the only emphasis that
was that ever put on anything was
like we have to develop everything,
we have to make buildings quick.
(Bow: Exactly)
And just like we have to
make as many and as fast as possible,
and screw the Art.
(Vivian: But thats the whole)
And just now,
I think that they're coming back to this place where
, it's sort of like,
we have to,
we have to live in this city,
we have to make it livable,
we have to make it nice
(Daisy: Aesthetically)
aesthetically and that's the artistic,
that's the artistic element
which has sort of gotten
(Vivian: Lost??)
put on the back-burner
throughout the
whole development
of a lot of these cities.., in...

Bow:

That's why they lost their national identity.
Because,
you, it's got to be a consistent thing,
you can't just stop it dead-on
and say like
"We will just fix it later once we
get a bunch of money."

Daisy:
But, it is their, culture,
ok, for us as far us to
come in and say
(Vivian: Criticize?)
this is wrong and
you have to change this.

Bow:

I don't think we're saying it's wrong.
It's just,
I mean in our opinions,
yeah, it's our opinions,
yeah,
it might be wrong.
But yeah,
you know,
we can't necessarily say that
we can give advice like,
you know,
this is what everybody should do.
I mean it,
just seems common sense.

Vivian:

Not in defense of the Korean side,
because we aren't attacking
I want to say,
but,
I mean,
look at the Korean situation.
We're saying,
yeah,
go back to your roots
and pull from it
, you know,
and develop,
modernize it,
so that,
you know,
it blends in with,
you know other ideas of today.
But at the same time,
look at the Korean culture,
fifty years ago,
the country was devastated,
they lost everything
and everything was in,
you know,
shambles on the ground and
they rebuilt
the city of Seoul for example,
and now it is not a third world country,
but it is a very much industrialized city,
that can compete with many other,
you know, t
hey're in the what top ten
cities,
biggest cities of the world.

分拆语音

2. 第2册 1.Art and Culture的14分钟49.6秒到29分03秒语音对应的文本



Daisy:

Well, you know,
I think that
where this discussion is going
can be a,
can relate to any country
in the world.
Because
culture and Art,
I think
go hand in hand.
Art is part of a culture
in many different cultures
express their souls
in different artistic ways
that may offend
many Westerners'
artistic sensibilities.
So, where do we
draw the line,
where do we look at a culture
and say
"this is ok,
but this is not ok"
or is it even OK,
for us to go into
a culture and do that?

Bow:

O.K.
I was asked this one time,
just to determine
how people think about
Art or not.
If they're,
whether they're
artists or not businessmen,
they say if there's a house
and in this house there is
a Mona Lisa,
the original,
and the...
(Vivian: Oh really?)
Yes,
and the original Mona Lisa a
nd there's the painting
of Jackson Pollock
where he painted the whole
canvas just black.
(Daisy: Right)
And there's a fire in the house
and you can only save one painting.
You appreciate Art,
but you only have a chance
to save one,
which one would you save?

Vivian:

Well,
people would say Mona Lisa
because you can always
go and paint other canvas black,
Right?
(Bow: No)
But, at the same time,
that's supposed t
o be a piece of Art.

Bow:

I don't know.
What is your opinion?
(Vivian: That is the question)
The question is
what would you save?

Daisy:

I wouldn't.
I would save myself.

Bow:

No, you can,
you have,
you have a chance,
you can save one.
You are an art-lover.

Vivian:

Like I said,
yeah,
probably the Mona Lisa,

Obviously that
is the right answer?

Bow:

No, There's no right
or wrong answer,
just like,
do you know
why you would save that?

Vivian:

Yeah,
I just said.
Because you could
paint another canvas black.
(Daisy: Black)
and then pass it off
as the same painting
if you wanted.

Daisy:

Well...

Luke:

Plus it's worth more.

Bow:

Well,
that's what the thing is it's like,
(Daisy: It's worth more.)
do you think Art is,
you know...?

Daisy:

Dose it have a price on it...
I probably
if I really wanted to
save something,
I'd maybe
save the Pollock.
Because,
I don't like the Mona Lisa.
But that's just a,
you know,
I would hang a piece of pa,
I would hang a piece of Art on my wall,
because I liked it.
But my question was more
getting towards like,
cultural relativism.
You know,
what is,
is everything Art,
including traditions
or you know,
(Luke: Customs?)
culture,
cultural customs,
is it relative to culture?
Or do we have the right
to go into that country and say
that this is wrong.

Vivian:

O.K. And that is the debate
even in America today,
they're saying OHey,
is burning of the flag is that
symbolic is that showing,
you know,
what is that,
the freedom of
(Luke: Expression...)
expression or
is it offending someone.
That's kind of along those line.
You can never say
what is right or wrong?

Daisy:

But that's ok.
For Americans to say that,
to discuss that,
because they're Americans.
When I'm talking about
is people going into other cultures
and saying this is
right or this is wrong.

Luke:

Well, I mean,
why not?
It's been happening over
the history of Art and culture,
I mean.
Romans and Greeks and
(Vivian: History)
and everybody and Europeans
and Africans,
and everything has been
mixed together,
in kind of an eclectic mix,
and the...

Daisy:

So it's ok,
for organizations,
like the U. N.
to go in to countries
and say
this is violating human rights,
for example,
Eskimo culture,
for thousands of years,
they would kill their babies,
because they didn't have
enough food to eat.
That was a tradition,
obviously,
born out of necessity,
like most traditions are.
But in a culture like that,
say, you know,
obviously,
it's not like that,
today.
But,
you know
fifty years ago
it was.
Is it ok for organizations
like the U. N. to go in
and say it's wrong,
or eating dog meat in Korea?
Are allowed to go in there
and say that that's wrong?

Bow:

So you're talking about more
in the aspect of culture
(Daisy: Yes)

Vivian:

The thing that are part of their culture.
O.K. For someone
from another society
where that not is acceptable
to come into,
step into a different society
where it is perfectly acceptable,
I mean,
it's not done intentionally
with the thought
of "Oh,
I'm killing a baby or Oh,
I'm killing dogs,
because
for the pleasure,
what not?"
But here it's just simply
a part of the culture.
It is a food or,
you know.
Stamina food,
or whatever.

Daisy:

So, is that OK?
What do you think,
Luke?

Luke:

Um,
I, kind of,
it's ...
a kind of got to
sit on the fence
on that one.
I think there,
there is a real danger to people
going to other countries
and taking this attitude
of cultural superiority
which I really resent.
I don't think that
Western culture...
Western culture is superior to any other culture,
but there is a sort of post colonial attitude
among a lot of countries
where they,
to a degree,
they are interested in
what the more developed
countries think of them
and their practices
and everything.
But sometimes
there's a bit of like danger
in these more developed,
quote unquote,
developed countries
coming in
and criticizing stuff.
I think there's,
there's got to be
enlightenment on both sides
and agreement on
there being differences
and just,
and interaction.
And I think that the main thing is
communication and
having these things
out in the open
so that people can discuss them.
That's a dangerous movement,
or this might be opening another can of worms
but with the political correctness
aspect of things back home.
And how people were
told to stifle their ideas
rather than express them.
For example,
there was,
a bar I used to frequent,
it was a sort of slash gallery,
I think,
Bow, you might remember this.
It was a,
the patrons were encouraged
to paint on the canvases,
with paints that were left out,
and just create
whatever they wanted
as they were drinking a
nd socializing.
It was a really nice atmosphere.
And, at want point someone made a painting,
it was sort of a collage of things.
But there was,
a swastika,
that was on the painting,
is was very prominent,
it was a sort of a dark painting
over all.
And later,
it just sort of,
was found on the floor,
ripped to shreds.
And I think
that was really weird
that someone would,
would rather,
I guess that's sort of a reaction to Art.
And sometimes art has those reactions,
but I think
it's dangerous
when people
refuse to acknowledge those things
and refuse to accept them,
there's sort of the idea
of censorship that's going on.
And I think that's
really dangerous
because,
just by pretending some attitude
or some practices,
don't exist,
does not mean that
they will cease to exist,
I think,
the basic thing is
people have to be
in communication with each other
like with the dog issue,
the eating dogs in Korea.
I can't judge it,
but I can,
I can just speak with Koreans about
my opinions on it,
and they're,
free to,
and like say their opinions to me.
I don't think I'm right,
I don't think they're right.
I think we are just people
who have different opinions.
And Art is sort of a stimulus
for bringing those opinions out.

Daisy:

And also,
you know,
I think that
you know,
you look at some cultures
quite a funny story actually.
There was this one culture,
in New guinea
and you know,
Christianity has been
the fastest spreading thing
I think in Western culture,
much more so probably
than the internet.
That,
the,
some missionaries
from the United States
went to this,
went to New Guiana
and they were just travelling around
trying to
convert the chris..,
the natives there,
to christianity.
And the ironic thing is that
they went in to this one tribe,
and the tribe
ate the missionaries.
They were cannibals,
you know.
That's funny,
I mean,
that's one example
of Western people not understanding
other cultures
and going in there
without any knowledge,
I mean,
these people didn't know
they were walking around
in the bush,
and they were basically,
you know,
meat.

Luke:

Exactly,
I would never,
I would never criticize Korea,
I've chosen to leave here for a long time,
not because I hate the place,
and I have great criticisms about it,
if I'm asked about it,
I'll point out things that,
you know,
I'm not that happy about.
But I can do that
with any where I am at,
and you know,
I definitely would not
want to go to a country
and say
"Ah, you are doing it all wrong,
blah,
blah,
blah,
back where
I come from,
blah,
blah,
blah,
" you know.
And some people have that attitude,
and I think that's probably the worst
kind of attitude you can come.
Cause,
there's so much to learn from different cultures.
And that's what,
that's really what it's all about,
ultimately.

Vivian:

But that's just it,
of course,
there are things that you don't agree
with certain cultures with,
same with me.
There's lots of things
that I don't agree with,
but that's the fact of the matter,
the fact of the matter is you are in a situation
and a different culture
and a different society where you,
as long as you are there,
you should be accepting to their cultures,
there, even though,
there are things that you don't agree with.
Now,
when you look at the large scale ...

Luke:

Well, I'm not accepting of my own culture,
there's a lot of things about
my own culture I don't like.

Vivian:

Sure, that's what I'm saying,
there's lots of things we don't agree about.
But when you look at the large scale
and then you see this dominant country
coming into a smaller country,
it's like the opposite effect
and yet you have more presence there;
so you have more,
you know,
power to kind of
pressure the people
(Luke: Sure)
or the culture.

Bow:

But having a little bit of your own culture
in another country
does make it
a hell of a lot easier
to live there.
I don't think I,
if there wasn't any part of our culture
whatsoever,
I don't think we could
last as long as we have here.

Daisy:

Right,
I think that's probably true.
And actually,
when you um,
you go and you live in another culture,
I think it's also true that you will
absorb things of that culture
as well.
And you do change
and evolve,
and that's great thing.
I think,
you know,
if, you are learning
or you are teaching in some,
you know,
even,
not even know
at the conscious level.
That's wonderful.
But, I was wondering,
you know,
like most of,
we talked about traditions
and culture
and a lot of those traditions are also
perceived as Art as well,
especially like,
you know,
in countries that,
Luke brought out before,
you know,
in the middle east.
A lot of their Art
and their practices
and their rituals,
if you consider that to be Art,
are taken from
a religious perspective
as well,
which is very interesting.

Luke:

Yeah,
religious Art,
and political art,
are probably the gawdiest kinds of Art,
I think.
But...

Daisy:

You think?

Luke:

Yeah,
but I think that that's alright.
I think that,
if you look at the old
propaganda posters
from the cold war
and stuff
(Daisy: Sure),
and or if you just look at the pictures
of you know,
Christ and just crying
and everybody crying,
there were so like
over the top
and just,
unnatural,
that they sort of,
they are sort of
memorable
for that reason.

Bow:

But you have to remember that
those artists
or artisans
who made that stuff were
products of their own environment,
you have learned f
orm that time on,
you've experienced
what you have in your life.
That's what they dedicated their lives to,
they had a certain philosophy that
we don't know.
I think that some of that stuff
is amazing,
the Gothic cathedrals,
that genera,
that generations
and generations of,
families fathers
and sons would work on.
Just to make this..,
they had the same concept
and they had the same goal,
I mean,
that would never happen
these days,
in these days.

Daisy:

So I guess,
what we are probably getting
on to here is that,
is that Art is a product of your own environment
and that time certainly religion was such a big deal,
that you were,
you were creating
a lot of religious Art,
or architecture
and you know
then we go into the phase of,
you know,
post modernism
where you have,
you know,
the black canvases
and things like that.
(Luke: Existentialism)
Yeah, existentialism.
So, is it,
actually,
that the Art is imitating life,
or is life imitating Art?

Luke:

I think they mutually inform
and influence each other.

Vivian:

That's like asking,
was the chicken or the egg,
they both influence each other,
of course.
But
anything that you're unfamiliar
with is sort of like
Art to you.
Like when you enter into a culture
where you are not familiar,
everything is unique and different
to you and
becomes a form of Art,
like Luke was saying religion
or you know,
not just tapestries
or paintings
but the actual religion itself is an art
when you not familiar with it.
When it's everyday
to you it's nothing new,
it's no big deal.

Bow:

The difference I see
in Art and culture,
today is that,
in the past,
there was always
a period of time
or movements
and now,
because,
maybe because of all that or,
maybe because to go
against all of that,
there's, really not any sort of movement,
no sort of
(Daisy: Right)
direction,
it seems to me.


Daisy:

It's very static,
isn't it?

Bow:

It is very static,
and it just seems like
everything is
gonna turn into this,
gonna turn into chaos it
almost seems.

Daisy:

Right, right,
I think that's true not just in
visual Art,
either,
I think the music industry
for several,
maybe even,
over a decade now,
has been extremely static.
And there's only been
maybe one or two artists
that have really been,
done inspiring things
. But,
I think perhaps,
maybe we feel this way,
but
do not think that
at the end of probably
the classical period
or, you know,
the renaissance period
(Vivian: There was a dead period)
that there was,
you know,
this plane of levelling out,
perhaps,
you know,
this is what's happening to us,
we're ready to move into the next...

Luke:

Or look at Retro everything,
everything that's supposedly new,
all the new trends and fads that
are coming out here
are borrowing like shamelessly
from the past
(Daisy: Exactly),
past twenty years,
past thirty years,
forty years.

Vivian:

Well, in any sort of movement you go
up and down
and up and down,
and then you kind of plateau off
and then you start all over again,
like, Luke mentioned,
with fashion
anything that is popular today,
not just today,
you know,
five years ago,
that was the trend thirty years ago.
And what's today
is popular today.
Twenty five years ago.

Bow:

But you don't start off
from the same starting point,
and that's
where it gets kinda mixed up.
It's because,
and I think it
kind of parallels the evolution of technology.
Like information,
just the amount of information
that is going into our brains,
these days,
then was before.
Where people could concentrate more,
like Michelangelo
did his masterpiece
in the Sistine chapel
and you know,
he didn't have the internet,
you know,
where he could get like details of
hands and things like that.
He had to actually,
go out and maybe draw his own hand
or, you know.

Vivian:

He got dead bodies
and he actually,
dissected that himself.

Bow:

Um. That was Da vinci
(Daisy: Da vinci)

Vivian:

Ok, but that's how they,
you know.

3. 第2册 1..Art and Culture B1的29分03秒到43分45秒语音对应的文本


------
SIDE B
------

Bow:

Yeah,
I just think that
people today
are bombarded
with information
and it's just clouding
their true goal,
I mean,
I think,
I believe basically everybody,
every human
or anybody that's able to think,
is an artist.
In the fact that
everybody has ideas,
and I think Art was probably created,
I don't,
maybe it shouldn't
even be called Art,
but we have to label it something,
but it just to be the idea
of getting that
concept or idea
into the three-dimensional world.
Out of your brain into your hands,
where you can actually see it.
And it's physical.
And sometimes that,
what,
if you do a good job,
and you choose the right medium,
then maybe one person
or many people
will be inspired from that,
get their own ideas from it
and then do the same thing.

Daisy:
Right,
I agree.
And whether that medium be
anything from cooking to
(Luke: There's a lot of overlap)
whittling woods
or you know,
whatever it is,
if you,
just do something
(Bow: House work),
exactly.
But I do agree that
I think Art
in our society,
and our society in general,
has become extremely superficial,
and I think that's
why you see,
you know,
what the,
what's the guy that did the urinal?
What's his name again?
(Bow: Duchamp)
Yeah,
when he did that,
that was something new and it was something shocking,
but what,
the danger
of those type of things is that
other artists get on that
bandwagon and think,
"well, let's do something just
for the shock value."
(Vivian: It's a trend)
And there is one particular very,
very rich artistic,
can't think of his name?
Maybe you guys know,
in ah,
he's based in New York,
and one of his,
famous things that sold
for over a million dollars
is a fish tank
with three basketballs floating in it.
And he also does the,
you know,
the clipping,
he made a hedge out of?
What's his name?

Bow:

Kunst.

Daisy:

Yeah, Kunst. He,
I watched tan interview with him,
and he had the three balls
in the fish tank
and he went up to, him..,
and the reporter said to him,
"So, you know,
I want to,
I don't want you to think I'm ignorant
or anything,
please forgive me,
but can you explain to me
what this means?"

Vivian:

"Why are you shooting baskets next to
the aquarium and hey,
you missed the basket and it fell in"
(Bow: No) He' said.

Bow:

He's,
he's very articulate.

Daisy:

Right, right,
he's, he's, obviously,
an extremely intelligent man,
and he went on this
whole existentialist tangent about
"Well, it's,
you know, i
t's human existence floating
in the body of particles,
of space and time,"
but he said it obviously
a lot more eloquently
than I just did.
And afterwards he got him
to explain each piece of Art.
And when you listen to
this man speak,
you gotta sit there and go
"Wow, he's smart
, and he's eloquent,
and he's intelligent."
And the reporter's last comment
at the end of the piece was
"Well,
the one thing that
I discover today,
is that anyone
can be a successful artist,
in the 90"s,
if he has a good vocabulary."
And that's exactly what,
you know,
the point was.

Luke:

Maybe,
maybe what
Art's function is these days,
is maybe just to infuse a certain degree,
of, like,
if it's too quirky.
If the actual Art itself is too quirky,
actually you were saying about
the overlapping of things.
It's sort of how it comes into food.
If you have
a nicely prepared meal,
a dish in front of you,
and it's artistic in it's own way
I there's color,
there's form,
there's shape there's a sculptural quality
to a lot of food.
That's gonna be
a lot more enjoyable to eat.
Same with like architecture,
or landscaping and stuff. People,
if people are aware of Art
and informed about Art,
and the principles that
sort of define Art.
Maybe they bring that,
they can incorporate that into culture.
If everybody's thinking
in those sorts of ways and functional,
functional furniture
and whatever,
everything else
that just sort of has a little bit of a kinda arty,
kinda cool vibe about it.
It's just sort of makes for a more,
a more nice over all,
aesthetic -- nice over
all day to day life.

Vivian:

Why does Art,
the definition of Art
has changed a long time.
When you look
at the past Artists,
you know
Leonardo Da vinci
or any of those people,
Picasso.
They weren't looking for fame
when they drew those,
those were,
you know,
came from within
and they were
trying to express themselves.
Nowadays,
people express themselves,
why? --
to become famous.
(Luke: Exactly)
Because,
they want to,
you know,
find or discover something new
that no one else has done,
which is kind of
what we've been discussing so far as.
History has been repeating itself,
and there's nothing new and original anymore.
But that's just it,
it doesn't have to be
original it could be anything
that you feel or
want to express on paper
or through anything.
And then anyone else can look at that
and feel something to
and that should be what Art is,
not something that,
you know,
everybody tried,
this kind of pants,
and those kind of pants,
well why don't we try pants like these,
because no one else has.

Bow:

But I think you hit on a point,
It's everybody should feel.
And I think that even if,
like people generally think of art as,
in the positive way,
feeling good about it,
or being inspired,
but a feeling can also be negative.
(Vivian: Right, right)
It's the same as like,
as Kunst put it,
you got a negative impression
from this guy,
you know,
and that,
if you were a sculptor,
maybe that would inspire you not to do
what he's doing and actually,
make this masterpiece,
that a million people
would be inspired by.
So I think it's all relative.

Daisy:

I think that's a valued point.
And I do think that,
you know,
whatever,
whatever debate,
you're having,
over the history of time,
extremists
have been everywhere.
Whether they be
radical feminists
or whether they have,
you know,
this will certainly offend some people,
the Nazis.
You know,
I mean,
basically,
they were all extremists,
and we have learnt things from them.
Whether it be,
not to do that,
or to do that,
I think extremism definitely serves its point in society
and it is a necessary thing, f
or growth?

Luke:

But they shouldn't,
they shouldn't be censored.
They should,
I think censoring,
censoring them is wrong.
Because they just go underground.
I think it's alright to have them up there and just say,
well that sucks for these reasons.
I think we have to understand that.

Vivian:

Well let's take the recent,
recent example,
Eminem,
not the candy that melts in your hands,
but the Artist,
ok? Lots of people don't like his stuff,
lots of parents disagree
and want to ban him,
and don't want their children listening to it.
But that is a form of Art, too.
Right?

Bow:

I believe,
it's sound,
he doesn't sound like an intellectual,
but I believe in his,
his idea,
that is.
He's like,
in his lyrics,
even though they rhyme,
he is talking like people talk,
at least,
that's what I heard
when I was going to school.

Vivian:

But that's rap,
you know,
that, we...

Bow:

You are agreeing.

Vivian:

Yeah,
I agree.
That's rap,
I mean,
just because it may not be
the type of music that you listen to,
but, and they say,
"Oh, it's loud,
there're just rhyming",
but it's not necessarily true,
a lot of it. really does have al lot to say.

Bow:

And this is the contradiction, too.
Most kids learn
swear words
from their parents,
they hear it from their dad.
At least in my neighborhood,
everyone,
dad's swear,
you know,
to say like oh,
no this guy is swearing
and he's saying fag and stuff,
you heard that
from your dad like ten years before.

Vivian:

He learned it from his dad
(Daisy: But I think...)

Bow:

Exactly.

Daisy:

But musically,
rap, I think was a natural evolution,
not just lyrically,
but, especially rhythmically.
It came from obviously black people.
And pretty much,
all of our modern music,
they have created from,
you know,
Jazz to Blues,
and the,
and then it went to
Soul to Funk.
And rhythmically,
it was the natural evolution of their music.
So,
it certainly plays
an important role
in our music development.
I don't think
it should be
laughed at,
there's bad rap
and there's good rap,
of course.
But,
you know,
it's an important part of our musical
develop-ment.

Vivian:

Sure,
I mean it could be
criticized the opposite way around,
and I mean,
if all the teens in the world
that liked rap got together
and said
"Mom and Dad,
we don't like that
old country music you're listening to"
you know.

Daisy:

Which they probably do.

Vivian:

Well the honky-tonk stuff,
I mean.

Luke:

And and the thing,
it's like,
it's not the issue that
rap music is offensive,
or the rhythms are offensive,
it's the things that they're saying,
within them,
in the,
violence against women,
and violence against gays and stuff.
But I mean,
it wouldn't be popular
if there wasn't,
if there weren't people
who were sort of going for that.
I like yeah,
"that speaks to me,"
you know.

Luke:

That speaks to me,
you know,
to a degree.

Vivian: And that is...

Bow:

And it may not be necessarily the thing.

Yeah,
but I mean that's,
that's kinda,
that's the thing it taps
into a certain vein
and becomes popular.

Daisy:

Right.

Vivian:

But, that's,
that's like you speaking for themselves,
well I mean,
that is the movement among,
no longer the X generation,
but is it the E-generation,
or whatever
. I mean,
but the youth of not just America,
but any. country,
most of them want,
you know,
they've got funky hair,
and funky clothes
and they're listening to this music
that's totally against abortion,
and this and that
or pro or whatever.

Vivian:

But,
hey,
(Daisy: They want something that's out there.)
think back twenty,
thirty,
forty,
fifty years ago,
there's was flower power,
they were against this and that
. (Daisy: The Beatles? Beatles)
Yeah, sure.
(Daisy: The Beatles was banned in some states in America) T
he youth of any time period,
(Daisy: Sure)
(Luke: It's a generation gap, yeah)
through Art and music to express themselves
(Luke: Those things change fast)
(Bow: In a America?)

Daisy:

But they were,
they were.

Bow:

Not in Australia,
though?

Daisy:

No.

Bow:

So Australia loves the Beatles,
but America hates them.

Daisy:

But,
actually I was gonna talk about
what Luke was just saying.
That,
there are people out there,
that are actually liking this stuff that
Emimen
or other rap artists
are talking about.

Vivian:

Sure,
even adults.

Daisy:

Even if it means,
you know,
killing women,
or you know,
raping your mother,
or whatever he talks about.
But maybe,
I was,
it's just an idea,
what you were saying
before about political correctness,
maybe there are other people out there like yourself,
that are really sick of this,
"I've gotta watch my "Ps and 's,
and I'm not allowed
to call this person this,
I'm not allowed to burn the flag,
I'm not allowed to do this,
I'm not allowed to do that,
maybe they're sick of that,
and they want to
get out there
and have this shocking stuffs and
(Luke: It's a reflex)..,
yeah...

Vivian:

And,
and I wanted to make my point,
I mean,
for those people
who are always arguing,
why don't they go and,
if there are so man~ people out there like that,
they can go
and educate their children
to not do stuff like that and to,
you know,
follow conservative or
whatever views that you have.
I mean they don't go out,
all they do is sit there
and complain about,
you know,
oh they're rapping here
and they're talking abou
t this and that.
Well,
they're not educating their own children,
that's a whole different topic,
isn't it?

Luke:

As long as it
gets a discussion going...

Bow:

The interesting thing that I've noticed,
is that,
we are talking about
Emimem and lyrics
and rap and stuff,
and that's why
in the states they
became popular,
was because they're hearing,
"Oh my God,
he just said fag
or something,"
so like that. But,
Emimem is popular here
, and most people don't even know
what he's saying.
Why is that,
do you think?

Vivian:

It sounds good to them,
maybe.

Bow:

Is that what it is?
Is it the music?
The rhythm?

Daisy:

Well, well,
I have to say that I think
there's a lot better rap
out there rhythmically than Emimen,
I think it's pretty straight forward.
His rap,
it's not exactly technical
or complex.
But I have to say that
he is popular so he's obviously been
marketed in this country,
and it's come to this country.
And,
when you have,
what do they have to compare to
, Korean rap?
you know,
it's gotta be better
than that sorry to say.

Vivian:

If you wanna scrutinize it
that precisely in detail,
hey, it's all PR,
and marketing, ok?
That's the reason
why he's up there.
(Daisy: They've got money, probably)
There's lots of other rappers
who sit there and talk about dope
and killing their Mamas
and Papas...

Daisy:

You look at what's that
band out now,
that is,
all the controversy is around.
Is it DJ. Doc?
They've got,
their cd is all about
police brutality
and their down on the police
and everything.

Vivian:

They're saying.

Daisy:

That was popular twenty years ago
in the States,
and Western countries,
and that's now coming in now.
Perhaps that's a reflection of
the movement of this culture,
that they are becoming
more open-minded
and they're going through
what we,
probably,
went through twenty years ago.

Bow:

Or just a different thing,
like I heard in Japan,
a lot of popular music is about MSG.
They don't want
monosodium glutamate
in their food,
so that's kind of a big issue.

Vivian:

More they could still borrowing
from another culture,
and not coming up
with their own lyrics,
or ideas?

Daisy:

Well,
I think it's probably,
more along the line that
this culture is now,
actually,
their experience
and an element
of freedom of speech.
And I think that they are,
it's,
it must be exciting to them,
all of sudden
these kids,
even if they are not
great musicians,
they have an opportunity to say.
"I think this sucks that
police are this way,
and I think this is terrible.
And that,
that's a gmat,
thing to happen I think.
Because they have definitely
been oppressed
for a long time
by their own people,
not by other people,
but by their own government.

Vivian:

But it's still being censored,
I mean,
the Korean government still
censors a lot of music and
(Daisy: Sure)
I mean,
even,
like you said,
DJ Doc,
or is it Mr. Seo Tae.
li, you know,
a lot of their lyrics,
even whole songs
are completely censored,
because there're foul language
or the material...

Daisy:

Right,
they might have like beeps
and things
in there
but it's still better than
twenty years ago.
I know one Korean artist
who brought his album out,
and there was no profanity in it
whatsoever.
And it was just because his lyrics were about,
I guess,
socialist ideas,
and humanity
(Bow: Who was that?)
Bob Dylan like type lyrics.
And his album was on sale
for one hour
before the government confiscated every copy of it
and wouldn't let it be sold in the county.
And I think we've come a long way
in twenty years,
and this is a good thing.
And if culture and... I
think that's what creates Art,
is if people have this ability
to express themselves.

Luke:

But the danger in that,
is what,
sort of what starts happening,
you see it a lot in the Western cultures,
where they have
marketing down to such an Art...
is that controversy sells.
And people would say
anything just to
become famous,
just to make money.
So it's not about people's better interests
and it's not about
what you really feel anymore,
what, what really,
what you're trying to
reflect out of society.
It's just like being such a...
so out there,
and so weird
and trying shock so many people,
that they talk about you
and they hate you,
so a large part of Emimen's appeal was,
you know
(Daisy: People hate you),
people hated him
and some people really liked him.

Vivian:

That's the reason
why we gave him his fame.

Luke:

Sure,
Yeah
, And the more controversial stuff
and Madonna made
a whole career out of it,
like she's offended everybody
all the way through,
but always just like a little bit, like...

Vivian:

Too cool to
really, really hate for real.

Luke:

She never went too far out there,
but, I mean,
that's, that's the thing.

分拆语音

4. 第2册1. Art and Culture B2的43分45秒到57分13秒结束语音对应的文本



Vivian:

And that's the reason
why governments restrict Art,
including music
and TV and what
not so much,
is because they're afraid,
you know,
take eastern cultures,
for example,
in comparison with
Western cultures.
They're afraid that
their society is going to
change too much,
you know,
similarly too,
Western cultures.
And then there's gonna be violence
in schools
and then there's,
it's gonna be disrupting their homes
and the nice culture t
hat they have.

Daisy:

I don't know,
you know,
you look at like
some of the animated books
and cartoons
in Japan.
I think they're way more offensive,
than some of the rap that
comes out of the United States.
But I think that at this age,
don't every single one of us think
that we can look at
some type of Art
or music
or entertainer
and say,
ok, this is the real deal, or
this is crap,
this is,
you know,
this is just somebody
go in it for the shock value.
I think if you're
at this age you have the ability
to do that,
(Vivian: Sure)
the danger,
of course,
and I think what
govern-ments are
trying to protect is children.
But,
I think that should be,
you know,
the parents' responsibility,
and not the government's responsibility.

Vivian:

Well,
that was my whole point, too.
Government restrict,
in that
for the sake of children
and teens
and what's...

Luke:

But that's
where the families have to
be more responsible.
It is true that
celebrities really are the role models
for kids these days,
that wasn't the case in the past.
And celebrity itself was never like
a great thing,
I mean now,
you know,
someone's really beautiful,
and they're on a catalog
or something supermodels,
I like,
they may not
have anything interesting to say
but people
want to hear
what they have to say.
It's kinda bizarre,
you know.

Vivian:

It was kinda like
the Wheel of Fortune Vanna White deal,
you know,
she was on there
for like ten years, and
everyone's like
"hot babe,
hot babe",
they used to bet on
what color dress she'd wear,
every day of the week.
(Daisy: Really?)
Yeah.
But then,
all of a sudden one day,
what was it,
the early nineties?
All of a sudden they said
"We wanna hear Vanna talk"
and so she started to say
"Hi",
and then
the next line
after a couple of months was
"Hi everyone"
and then now
she actually has
two lines
to say on each show.

Luke:

And it used to be like,
it used to be like,
the thinkers,
the writers,
and politicians,
philosophers that
would sort of form
public opinion,
who would be the people
who sort of defined
what a culture
was about
and now,
it says a lot.
In that the media,
and the stars of the media are
the ones sort of,
are considered to be the artists
and visionaries
and the ones that
kids wanna emulate,
wanna be like,
and there the ones
who have such sway.

Vivian:

But
I agree they have a lot of
force
but I still agree
parents all the way
control everything.
If they uh,
got a real good grip on their children
from an early start,
if all the parents did,
you know,
the masses all together,
you know,
got together and
said,
"Hey, we're really watching our kids,
we're giving them
good foundations
and morals and..."

Bow:

You have to be
told not to fully trust the media.

Daisy:

Well,
Bow,
you know
I know you
have a child,
and I was wondering how do,
how do you feel about,
like probably,
pornographic comic books
or that type of influence
with your child?

Bow:

I personally like them,
I wouldn't like,
I wouldn't like her
to see them
that early on,
but the thing that's
kind of interesting
is like,
the fact that they say
it takes a village to raise a child.
It's true,
because,
if you think about like,
for example,
these days
children in the world,
in most developed countries,
they play video games,
that's a fun thing for them.
But in Japan,
the more popular games
are very, very violent.
But, the real violence takes
place in American schools,
who aren't allow to
play those games,
you know.
So, why is it?
Is it because they see TV,
because they're oppressed,
why doesn't
that much violence happen
in Japan?

Daisy:

Maybe we don't
know about,
well, they don't have guns,
right?

Bow:

Is that why?
Is it because
of guns?
You think that
there wouldn't be
as much violence
in America without the guns
? I mean,
yeah.

Daisy:

I think that,
well,
people wouldn't die as often,
I guess.

Vivian:

But isn't,
it always the fact with
the things you don't know
, the inhibitions
that you have,
anyway,
anything that you want to,
it's not open for you, to,
like if your parents say,
"Don't touch?
you wanna touch.

Daisy:

Uh. Interesting point.
Then
could Art
be defined
as an expression of
something that has been suppressed.
Perhaps
that the,
the sexual comic books
and that type of behavior
in Japan, that,
is so common,
is sexual,
because of sexual
repression in their culture?

Vivian:

Maybe.

Luke:

Yeah,
it's a probably
pretty hard one to
sift through,
well,
I mean.

Bow:

It depends on the content, too.
I mean if you think about
like,
in America they say,
you know,
"Don't look
at Playboys
when you're young.",
or something,
but yeah,
we want to,
cause we,
we like naked chicks,
you know.
But it's not like
bondage
or tying up woman
or repressing them
or anything,
it's just like...

Vivian:

Like what?
A woman
with big boobs?

Bow:

Yeah,
exactly.

Luke:

What's the difference between
pornography
and erotica,
though.
They say that
pornography is
racy and offensive
and very base in crass.

Daisy:

It degrades women.

Luke:

But erotica is artistic.
(Bow: Who are they?)
People,
in general,
they define,
you know pornography is
pornography and
erotica is erotica,
and erotica has this higher standing.
And it
(Daisy: Artistic.)
has more of
an artistic element to it.

Daisy:

Well,
I don't know,
but you know,
exactly,
what you
just said that Brandon there,
I think like that,
goes back to the point I made before that,
(Bow: I'm Bow)
you know,
America...
Exactly,
what you just said that,
Bow,
it goes back to the point I was talking about before,
that in America,
you know,
women,
you were saying that,
it just seems natural looking at woman with big boobs,
but maybe that's because American
society is not
sexually repressed.

Bow:

I think that,
they think that
pornography is when
women are being
debased in film or
(Daisy: Yeah,
like putting dog collars on them),
exactly,
when they're making woman to look bad,
whereas erotica is more
a mutual consensual thing
between men and woman.

Daisy:

Yeah,
I think that's acceptable
pornography
or erotica,
if you like,
as long as both parties are
involved in some
mutually acceptable act.
That's okay.

Luke
: What about
the Robert Mapplethorpe?
Pornography or Art?
Robert Napplethorpe was
a homosexual photographer
who took pictures of black men's penises
but he also took pictures of flowers.
And he had an exhibition,
in Boston,
of the black men's penises
and there was protests that
"This is the pornography".

Vivian:

O.K.
Then he was just a queer
with like two personalities,
ok?
How about this?
In a newspaper like
six months ago,
it was the Herald
or something like that,
there was a picture
in the culture/Art section,
it was about
some movie set
where they had like
five hundred nude people lying
in the streets.
Well,
I was,
I just happen to be
reading the opposite page
when my friend's daughter
comes running up and
my friend
and I were reading this one article on the opposite side,
but she comes and says
"There,
you know,
there's butt-naked people
all over the picture
on the newspaper"
I mean,
and then
my friend was very,
you know,
kind of revolted,
and she was like
"How could they put like,
you know,
bare naked people
on the newspaper".

Daisy:

Well, there's bare naked people
when having sex,
I don't think that there is anything wrong
with the nude body.
If, if your, if your,
I think saying to a child,
because that person is naked,
it's a bad thing.
Probably,
it's gonna give the kid
problems later in life.

Luke:

What about why
is alright to show
a person naked if they've been killed
or beaten
and dragged through the streets of some city?

Bow:

Or why is it ok?

Luke:

To celebrate it.

Bow:

Yes, on National Geographic
where you can see
African woman's breast.
Why is that different?

Vivian:

Yeah,
why is that considered Art.

Daisy:

As long as,
if nudity is
represented as something
that's debased
like a woman
with a dog collar being whipped
with a cat of nine tails.
Then of course,
there's something wrong with that
. But the human body in itself,
if it's naked and there's a picture of it
being naked.
I don't see that there's anything offensive
about that,
if there's something offensive
about that then there's something wrong
with my naked body.

Luke:

What if it's a man with..,
being whipped
by a cat's nine tails?

Bow:

Exactly,
Robert Mapplethorpe,
same thing,
same guy.
That's what he had.
He had homosexuals,
in weird positions,
one guy was pissing
in another guy's mouth,
but then again he was
a great photographer.
He did,
he made great black
and white pictures.

Daisy:

Fair enough,
but both of those guys were kind of into it.
I think the point that
I'm getting is
that a lot of pornography
, if they have a woman
in a dog color,
with the cat of nine tails.
It's suggesting something
about a women's
subservience,
and submissiveness
to a male.
And that's wrong.
If you are perpetuating
that ideal of a woman,
then to women,
in general,
that is degrading.
But,
you know,
if, if, that was
from a homosexual prospective
acceptable,
who
am I to say,
I'm nora male
homosexual,
so I don't know
what is acceptable or not.
But I am a woman,
so I can,
I can offer my opinion
from that point of view.

Bow:

What about
lesbians?

Daisy:

Lesbians?
Well, they can do
whatever they want to.
I'm not a lesbian.

Bow:

What do you think about them?

Daisy:

What do I think of them?

Bow:

Yeah.

Daisy:

I think
that's fine.

Bow:

Really?

Vivian:

She thinks it's great.
But what if I was talking from
a very conservative mother's view point,
you know,
there's lots of mothers
who are against, f
or example,
prayer in schools or,
you know,
certain,
when you go to Art class,
you see these pictures
and paintings of nudes
and whatever.
I mean,
they're totally against it.
I mean.
(Daisy:
But those pictures aren't...)
They're saying
how can you argue that this is Art?
I don't want my children exposed
to this sort of thing at this early age or...

Daisy:

But I don't think their children
would be exposed
to homosexual pictures.
They might be
exposed to,
what about David?
I mean,
look at David
that's a sculpture from
hundreds
and hundreds
of years ago
and that,
you know,
that..,
he's nude,
his genitals are showing.
You can't censor that,
you can't censo
r the entire Renaissance period.

Luke:

That,
that sculpture always
made me feel
really good. Actually.

Vivian:

Did you guys ever,
what is that,
I don't know what it is called,
but there is this hall
where they've made like
Ten Davids
all around this hall
and they've chopped off his...
(Daisy: His penis?)
Yeah.

Bow:

The hall of Justice?

Vivian,

Daisy:

Ha Ha...

Bow:

How about the difference between the,
sculpture say like
, David,
where that,
was accepted at that time
and now it's pornography.
But, I think,
in his exhibition,
people chose and pay money to go inside,
if you if you believe that is pornography,
and it's offensive
, don't go in, don't pay.

Daisy:

Exactly.

Vivian:

Right.

Daisy:

Right.

Vivian:

But then what about
when the artist publicized,
it's not something that you
choose or do not
choose to go in and see,
but
(Daisy:
But I think,
it'll be pretty different...)
you are forced to almost absorb it.
You're forced to
look at it in the middle of City Hall?

Luke:

You have,
just as other artists have the right to
display their stuff
and advertise it and try to give make them,
a living for themselves.
People have the right to
say to disagree with
it and I think that's the thing,
that's the thing too,
about art.
Sometimes it'll shock
and sometimes it'll annoy,
sometimes it'll inspire,
sometimes it'll offend.
And that's the thing,
that's its purpose,
that's what it is supposed to do.
And people can't,
it can't be stifled to suppressed,
it just has to make people like,
take an active part,
and it's great if it has that effect on people.
Because
a lot of things
are really just watered down
these days.
And Art is one of these pure,
like these good things.
If it is done properly
and it serves the purpose
it's supposed to serve.
It will get people riled up about
something.
That's important.

Daisy:

And you know,
even the way that
women have been
perceived through Art,
you know,
like the Botticelli Beauties,
I mean,
they were quite curvy,
if you know what I mean,
they were big women.

Bow:

Voluptuous.

Daisy:

And even in some of the paintings,
their breasts were deformed
(Vivian: Sure)
deformed
and that was like,
their breasts had big lumps in them
and knowing
what we know
today,
and we look back at that,
those women were in like
developed stages of breast cancer.

Bow:

Salvador Dali
had like ants and things
on women's genitals
you know,
just like...

Daisy:

Right, right,
but, he was,
he was definitely disturbed,
yeah,
I love his Art
but there was
still definitely something,
he, actually Salvador Dali.
He had several paintings
where women wear severed
like their parts of their body were in different
, in different areas
. And there's actually,
a killer on the loose in Europe
that's doing
the exact things out of
Salvador Dali's paintings
at the moment.
So
has that inspired him?
I guess
the guy was just crazy anyway
and a fan of Salvador Dali's.
But
still it was interesting.

Vivian:

Well
you know,
I thought it kind of
ironical,
how everything
comes back to,
well
it can't be resolved anyway.
Why,
because
people have opinions
Art and culture.
This is everyone expressing themselves.
So it can never really be resolved.
Is it wrong,
is it right,
is it beautiful
, is it not.
Like,
Luke was making that point
earlier.
So
it's kind of like a matter
of freedom of speech,
and that can't be resolved.

Bow:

Beauty is in the eye
of the beholder.

Daisy:
Yes, I was just about to
say the same thing.
And I think that you're right,
it can't be resolved,
but I think that's the purpose of Art,
to,
you know,
inspire debate,
to inspire thought,
to inspire.

Vivian: And there's always going to be critics who don't agree.