学会多语言的实质性思考

Ashéninka, Pichis [cpu] (Peru: Alto Perené.)

Aviroka?         general greeting in the Alto Perené dialect  啊喂啰可啊？
Kitaitirí          morning greeting in the Alto Perené dialect  可太提哩。
Shiitiiní           afternoon greeting in the Alto Perené dialect 是提呢。
Tsitiniri            nighttime greeting in the Alto Perené dialect 此提你哩。
Kitaiterivé         morning greeting in the Alto Perené dialect  可太特哩喂。
Sheeteenivé      afternoon greeting in the Alto Perené dialect 是特嗯你喂。
Tsirenirivé            nighttime greeting in the Alto Perené dialect 此热你哩喂。
Eeroka?             greeting spoken to a visitor   哦啰可啊？
Naakavé           reply to Eeroka 那可啊喂。
Ari pipoki?         greeting spoken to a person who is arriving  啊哩 劈颇可意？
Jee, ari nopoki        reply to Ari pipoki 吉耶，啊哩 喏颇可意。

Ashéninka, Ucayali [cpb] (Peru: Ucayali River.)

Kiteheri morning greeting  可意特贺哩。

Asmat, Casuarina [asc] (Indonesia: Papua.)

Nder momo general greeting   你的儿 眸貌。

Assamese [asm] (India: Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Bangladesh.)

Namaskaara         general greeting  那么啊是可啊啦。
Salam walikum           general greeting used by Muslims   萨啦姆 哇哩酷姆。
Suprabhaata              morning greeting    苏佩拉吧哈踏。
Subaraatrii            nighttime greeting  苏吧拉触哦。
Ki khabar?              how are you?  可意 可哈吧儿？
Bhaal ne?                how are you?  泊好呢？
Bhaal baaru           reply to Bhaal ne 薄好 吧露.
Aapuni kene aache?          how are you? 啊普呢 可呢啊澈？
Mai bhaale aachum          reply to Aapuni kene aache 脉薄好了 啊彻？
Bhaale aachu dhanyabaad            reply to Aapuni kene aache  薄好 啊触 达哈安吧的。
Swagatam            welcome greeting  是哇嘎踏姆。

Assiniboine [asb] (Canada: Saskatchewan. United States: Montana.)

Hau                 general greeting spoken by a man   好。
Hau koda         greeting to a friend spoken by a man  好酷哦达。
Han                  general greeting spoken by a woman  罕。
Han mikona        greeting to a friend spoken by a woman  罕 咪酷哦呐。

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic [aii] (Iraq, Armenia, Iran, Syria, and Israel.)

Shlama         general greeting in the Eastern dialect   是拉吗？
Shlama alukh       general greeting spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 啊露可呵。
Shlama alakh         general greeting spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 啊啦可呵。
Shlama umukh           general greeting spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 唔姆可呵。
Shlama umakh       general greeting spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 唔吗可呵。
Shlama ilakh          general greeting in the Eastern dialect  是啦吗 亦吗可呵。
Shlama lakh              general greeting in the Eastern dialect  是啦吗 拉可呵。
Shlama amkhon        general greeting in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 阿姆可吭。
Shlama 'lokhun          general greeting in the Eastern dialect 是啦吗 啰可魂。
Shlama alokhun           general greeting spoken to a group of people in the Eastern dialect
Brikh sâpra             morning greeting spoken in the Eastern dialect 薄礼可呵 萨帕啦。
Brikh sâprakh           morning greeting spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect 薄礼可呵 萨帕冉可呵。
Brikh sâprekh            morning greeting spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect 薄礼可呵 萨帕热可呵。
Qedemtookh brikhtaa             morning greeting spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect 可的么途可呵 薄礼可呵踏
Qedemtaakh brikhtaa          morning greeting spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect 可的么踏可呵 薄礼可呵踏
Qedemtohkhoon brikhtaa            morning greeting spoken to a group of people in the Eastern dialect 可的么途可黄 薄礼可呵踏
Brikh tahra               afternoon greeting in the Eastern dialect 薄礼可呵 踏赫拉。
Brikh ramsha            evening greeting in the Eastern dialect 薄礼可贺 拉吗莎。
Dakhit?                  how are you? in the Eastern dialect 达可嘿他？
Dakhi wit?              how are you? spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect  达可嘿 喂的？
Dakhi wat?            how are you? spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect  达可嘿 哇的？
Dakhi woton?        how are you? spoken to a group of people in the Eastern dialect 达可嘿 喔堂？
Spaay, basima      reply to Dakhit, Dakhi wit, Dakhi wat, and Dakhi woton  是帕哎，巴斯吗。
Tawa win tawdi      reply to Dakhit, Dakhi wit, Dakhi wat, and Dakhi woton spoken by a man 叨哇 闻 透的。
Tawta win tawdi         reply to Dakhit, Dakhi wit, Dakhi wat, and Dakhi woton spoken by a woman 叨踏 闻 透的。
Dakhi la kaipookh?          how are you? in the Eastern dialect 达可嘿 啦 开普可呵？
Hawit basima, raba spaay           reply to Dakhi la kaipookh  好喂的 巴斯吗，拉吧 是帕哎。
Kaipookh spaay la?           how are you? in the Eastern dialect 开普可呵 是帕哎 啦？
He, chim spaay            reply to Kaipookh spaay la  呵，持么 是帕哎。
Mu it mu layt?           how are you? informal in the Eastern dialect 姆 亦它 姆 来的？
Pshina tilokh            welcome greeting spoken to a man in the Eastern dialect 佩是呐 提啰可呵。
Pshina tilakh           welcome greeting spoken to a woman in the Eastern dialect  佩是呐 提啦可呵。
Pshina tilokhon         welcome greeting spoken to a group of people in the Eastern dialect  佩是呐 提啰可吭
Shlomo             general greeting in the Western dialect  是啰莫
Shlomo 'laykun         general greeting in the Western dialect 是啰莫 来酷嗯。
Shlomo lokh          general greeting in the Western dialect 是啰莫 啰可呵。
Shlomo ellokh           general greeting in the Western dialect 是啰莫 哦啰可呵。
Shlomo 'allokh        general greeting in the Western dialect 是啰莫 奥啰可呵。
Brikh safro          morning greeting in the Western dialect 薄礼可呵 萨飞啰。
Safro tobo            morning greeting in the Western dialect  萨飞啰 途吧。
Brikh tahro            afternoon greeting in the Western dialect 薄礼可呵 踏啰。
Brikh ramsho           evening and nighttime greeting in the Western dialect 薄礼可呵 拉吗时候。
Aydarbo hat?             how are you? in the Western dialect 哎达儿吧 哈的？
Towo no, tawdi             reply to Aydarbo hat spoken by a man in the Western dialect  途喔 喏 叨的。
Towto no, tawdi           reply to Aydarbo hat spoken by a man in the Western dialect 叨途喏，叨的。
Kayiso no, tawdi           reply to Aydarbo hat spoken by a woman in the Western dialect 可啊亦是途 喏，叨的。
Kayisto no, tawdi         reply to Aydarbo hat spoken by a woman in the Western dialect 可啊亦是途 喏 叨的。
Latno harbo           informal reply to Aydarbo hat spoken in the Western dialect 啦的喏哈儿吧
Aykan ithayk?          how are you? in the Western dialect  哎看 亦达哎可？
Tob no,  tawdi            reply to Aykan ithayk  途吧喏，叨的。
Mun kit mun layt?            how are you? informal in the Western dialect
Bshayno wbashlomo         welcome greeting in the Western dialect  巴莎哎伊喏。

Aymara, Southern [ayc] (Peru.)
  Kamisaki?        how are you?  可啊咪啥可意？
  Waliki                reply to Kamisaki  哇哩可意。
  Maraptis             general greeting used in Calacoa  玛拉帕提是。
  Simpikaw            reply to Maraptis used in Calacoa 是么劈靠。
  Walikistua           reply to Kamisas karakta 哇哩吉是途啊。
  Waynus tiyas     morning greeting spoken in Sitajara (borrowed from Spanish)  哇亦努是 踏儿提是。
  Waynas tartis      afternoon greeting spoken in Sitajara (borrowed from Spanish) 哇亦那是 踏提是。

Asturian [ast] (Spain: Princedom of Asturias.)

Hola                    general greeting  好啦。
Bonos díes          morning greeting  棒喏是 蒂耶是。
Bon día                morning greeting   棒 蒂雅。
Bona tarde           afternoon greeting  棒那 踏儿的。
Bones tardes         afternoon greeting  棒呢是 踏儿的是。
Bona nuechi           evening and nighttime greeting 棒那 弩哦哧。
¿Cómo ta?               how are you?  酷莫踏？
Bonu                    reply to Cómo ta spoken by a man   棒努。
Bona                    reply to Cómo ta spoken by a woman  棒那。
Bienveníu           welcome greeting  宾闻牛。
Salú                  general  greeting in the Lleonese dialect 萨露。

Asu [asa] (Tanzania: Kilimanjaro region.)

Hira                      general greeting   嘿啦。
Chedi                   reply to Hira  彻底。
Urewedi                general greeting  唔热伟大。
Ndewedi                reply to Urewedi 你的伟大。
Washindathe          morning greeting 哇神达的。
Washinjiaze          morning greeting 哇神佳择。
Evawa?                  how are you? spoken to a man 哦发哇？
Evawa                    reply to Evawa  哦发哇。
Emcheku?              how are you? spoken to a woman  哦吗澈酷？
Nirewedi                 reply to Emcheku  你热伟大。
Murevedi?              how are you? spoken to a group 姆热菲蒂？
Turevedi                    reply to Murevedi 途热非的。
Nijedi?                      how are you? informal  你杰的？
Havache, nijedi        reply to Nijedi 哈哇澈。
Karibu mno                welcome greeting  可啊哩布 么喏。

Asuriní [asu] (Brazil: Tocantins River and Pará.)

Asan nepyri            greeting used when arriving at a house in the Trocará dialect     啊先 呢佩哩。
Eresan                     reply to Asan nepyri in the Trocará dialect  哦若现。
Eresan pa              reply to Asan nepyri in the Trocará dialect  哦若现吧。
Eresan sepyri         reply to Asan nepyri in the Trocará dialect  哦哩现 是佩哩。
Oron nepyri           greeting used when arriving at a house with a group in the Trocará dialect 噢让 你哦佩哩。
Pesan                    reply to Oron nepyri in the Trocará dialect 佩现。
Ažarambe tyka        greeting used when arriving at a house in the Xingu dialect  啊扎啦么吧提客啊。
Erežarambe pe        greeting to a person who is arriving at a place in the Xingu dialect   哦若咋啦么吧 佩。