印地语的汉语压码打字、注音、音译与听说训练

» Items at Home  

Purpose:  To enhance work stock(Hindi vocabulary) related to articles used at home i.e. spices, fruits etc.

अंजीर Anjeer=  Figs

अमरूद Amrood=Guava

अनन्नास Ananas=     Pineapple

अनार Anar=   Pomegranate

अंगूर Angoor=Grapes

अचार Achaar=Indian Pickle: high in flavor and sharp taste.

अजवायन Ajwaiyen : =Parsley/Thyme( Ajwaiyenits flower)

अखरोट Akhrot=Walnut

बादाम Almond=Badam

आलूबुखारा Aloobukhara=  Plum

फिटकिरी Alum =Phitkari

आमचूर्ण Amchourn=  Dried Mango powder

सौंफ Aniseed=  Saunph

सेब Apple= Sev ( Fruit)

खुबानी Apricot=  Khubani ( Fruit)

अरवी Arbi=  Colocasia

ककड़ी or खीरा kakadi (light green long)or kheera(small dark green) = Cucumber

हींग Heeng  = Asafoetida

भतुआ Ash gourd=  Bhatua(Petha a famous sweet is made )

आटा Aatta=Flour. Commonly used for Whole wheat flour

जौ Barley=Jaou

तुलसी Tulsasi =Basil

तेजपत्ता Bay leaf=Tejpata

चुकंदर Beetroot=Chucandar

शिमला मिर्च Simla Mirch =  Bell Pepper

चना Chana =Bengal gram

बेसन Besan=Gram flour

पान Paan Betel leaves

भाजी  या (or)  सब्जी Bhaaji or Sabji =Any vegetable.

भात Bhaat=  cooked Rice

चावल Chawal =  Rice

मकई मक्का, भुट्टा Makai, Muckka  or Bhutta= Corn or Maize

करेला Bitter gourd  =Karela

काली मिर्च Black pepper=Kali Mirch

नमक namak= salt

लौकी और दूधि lauki or doodhi = Bottle gourd

बंद या पत्ता   गोभी Band or Patta Hobhi  =Cabbage

जीरा Jeera :  cumin seed

इलायची Illaichi =Cardamom

काजू Kaju =Cashew

अरंडी Arandi =Castor

फूल गोभी Phool Gobhi =Cauliflower

चिचिण्डा Chichinda=Snake gourd

मिर्च Mirch  =Chili

धनिया Dhania.= Coriander

दालचीनी Dalchini  = Cinnamon

लवंग Lavang = Clove( or Laung) लवंग

नारियल Nriyal  =-Coconut

पनीर Paneer = cheese

कपास Kapas= Cotton or Rui रुई   सूती कपड़ा sooti kapada  cotton cloth

मलाई Malai= Cream

दही Dahi =  Curd

किशमिश Kishmish  = Raisin or मुनक्का  Munakka Currant

करिया पत्ता Kria Patta = Curry leaves

दाल Dal  =  Pulses – Lentils   (varieties,  Moong, Masoor, Urad, Channa etc.)

खजूर Lhajoor =Dates

मूंगा, or सजना Moonga or sajna Drumstick= (long, green stick , a vegetable which is full of iron)   = Please note moonga also means coral

मेथी Methi = fenugreek

गन्ना   केतारी  ,ईख ऊख Ganna, Ketari, Eekh, Ookh =Sugarcane

लहसुन Lahsun = Garlic

अदरख , सौंठ Adrakh , saunth =Ginger,  dried ginger

मूंगफली का  तेल Moongfali ka tale  =Groundnut Oil

गुड Gud=Jaggery

गुलाब जल Gulab Jal=Rose Water

हल्दी Haldi=Turmeric

शहद, मधु Shahad, madhu =Honey

कुलथी Kulthi:  = Horse gram

इमली Imli=Tamarind

कटहल Kathal =Jackfrui

जायफल Jaiphal=Nutmeg

जैतून Jaitoon=Olives

जावित्री Javitri=Mace

जवार  Jowar=Sorghum

बाजरा Baajra   millet

तरबूज Tarbooj: =Watermelon

कसूरी मेथी Kasoori methi    Dry fenugreek leaves

केसर Kesar=Saffron

खमीर Khameer=Yeast

नीम Neem =  Margosa

मटर Matar=Peas

पुदीना Mint=Pudina

मूली Mooli=Radish

मौसंबी Mosambi=Sweet lime

शहतूत Shahtoot  = Mulberry

सरसों Sarson =Mustard

नाशपाती Nashpaati=Pear

संतरा Santara or    नारंगी Narangi =  Orange

पालक Palak=Spinach

पपीता Papeeta = Papaya

पिस्ता Pista=Pistachio

प्याज Pyaaz=Onion

रायता Raita = yogurt  and Vegetable salad

सूजी Sooji = Semolina

सेवई Seviyee =Vermicelli

शक्करकंद Shakarkand=Sweet potato

सिरका Sirka=Vinegar

तिल Til=Sesame

Task: Please make a few sentences, mentioning their usage(say for some particular recipe), taste,  place where grown availability in any particular climate, cheap or costly etc. and share with all.

» Raksha Bandhan, First day of Hindi class, and mystery words
Raksha Bandhan (रक्षा बंधन)
Today (August 24) is Raksha Bandhan (रक्षा बंधन).  The day in which sisters (बहिनें) honor their brothers (भाई) and in turn the brothers reconfirm their commitment to protect and look after their sisters.  There is a ceremony, which my wife and her brother went through at our house.

First the sister ties a  rakhi (राखी) to the brother’s wrist.  



Then the sister places a tilak on the brother’s forehead.



The sister will throw rice (चावल) on the brother for good luck.



And then feed the brother a sweet (मिठाई).



And then the brother gives his blessings.  (Listen to the podcast to get an explanation of Raksha Bandhan from Naraindas Ji in both Hindi and English)

(While researching Raksha Bandhan, I found this article which is worth looking at.  It has some good pictures and explanations. India festival – Raksha Bandhan)

First Day of Hindi Class (पहले दिन की हिंदी की कक्षा)
Monday was my first day of Hindi class at the University of Houston.  The teach, Arun Prakash, has put together a class that focuses on a lot of practice.  The materials we went over on Monday focus on taking a single concept and creating a lot of variations on it.  Prakash Jii’s focus is on people learning Hindi, and not on the mechanics of having a class.  This in combination with the normal pressure of being in a class will help focus my mind to ensure so that I will finally achieve a reasonable level of Hindi proficiency in Hindi.  I believe by the end of the class I will be able to feel comfortable reading, writing, speaking, and understanding Hindi.  I want to share with you the highlights of this class.

Prakash Jii pointed out several tips and tricks that can help you to speak correctly in Hindi.

Often the correct grammar to use when answering a question can be found within the question.

If someone asks “आपका नाम क्या है?”  then you answer replacing क्या with your name (नाम).  If some asks you आपका x  then you will respond back मेरा x.   (Likewise, if they ask आपकी then respond back मेरी.)



What types of answers do you give to a question with कहाँ (where) in it?  It is always a place.

What types of answers do you give to a question with क्या (what) in it?  It is always a “thing”, either a noun or pronoun.

How about कब (when)?  It is always a time.  And with कौन (who) it is always a person.

If you start a sentence with मैं (I) then expect to end it with हूँ (am).  (Exceptions for past tense, when a मैं is part of a group, and a few other cases.)

If you start a sentence with आप expect to end it with हैं.  And with तुम then end with हो.  (These are all true with the present tense.)



Mystery Words
The following are English words written with Devanagari (the Hindi script).  I found them in the materials that Prakash Jii gave us, and at first I was puzzled by them until I realized what they were.  What I would like for you to do is before the time I record Thursday’s episode (less than 36 hours from now), come by the website and leave a comment with as many of the English words that you have been able to figure out.  And for extra points, provide the Hindi equivalent where possible.

1) गेट नंबर

2) जॉश

3) इन्जिनियर

4) जेसिन

5) प्लेन

6) टीना

7) लिंकन

8) टीवी

9) टु प्ले

10) कॉलेज

11) मून

12) स्टार्स

13) प्लांटिग

14) ट्री

15) रिवर

16) बोट

17) विल स्विम

18) वॉच

19) हाइकिंग

20) रेस्ट

Dear all

Here is the response from me. Regards, Dhanywad, Suresh,an online Hindi
1)गेट नंबर दरवाजा /किवाड़ संख्या
2) जॉश उत्साह
3) इन्जिनियर अभियंता
4) जेसिन |

5) प्लेन वायुयान
6) टीना

7) लिंकन

8) टीवी दूरदर्शन
9) टु प्ले खेलना
10) कॉलेज विश्वविद्यालय
11) मून चन्द्रमा /चाँद
12) स्टार्स तारे
13) प्लांटिग

14) ट्री वृक्ष/पेड़
15) रिवर नदी
16) बोट नौका , जहाज
17) विल स्विम तैरूँगा

18) वॉच घड़ी, देखभाल
19) हाइकिंग

20) रेस्ट विश्राम, आराम

Hi. This was a lot of fun. Couldn’t get them all but had fun trying.
Your hindi class sounds fantastic. Thanks for sharing these tips and tricks.

1) गेट नंबर / get nambar / gate number / get ka nambar

2) जॉश josh

3) इन्जिनियर injiniyar /engineer abhiyantaa

4) जेसिन jason

5) प्लेन plen plane havaii jahaaz

6) टीना tina

7) लिंकन linkan lincoln

8) टीवी tiivii tv

9) टु प्ले tu ple two play

10) कॉलेज kolej college

11) मून muun moon chand

12) स्टार्स stars stars taaraa ( s) taare ( p)

13) प्लांटिग plaantiig ??

14) ट्री tii tea chaay

15) रिवर rivar river nadii

16) बोट bot boat naav

17) विल स्विम will swim

18) वॉच vorch watch gaadi

19) हाइकिंग haaiking hiking

20) रेस्ट rest rest aaraam

Dear all:

I am trying to elucidate( स्पष्ट करना-spasht karna) further.

gate is also called फाटक( faatak) or दरवाज़ा (darwaaja) or कपाट( kapaat) .
Number is also called kramaank( क्रमांक). There is a small stroke angular below क (K) because R (र) is not pronounced fully. It is half र.

उमंग(Umang) is another word for Josh = enthusiasm.

Jesin, Tina, Lincon are all names (proper noun).

Plane can be हवाई जहाज़ (Hawai jahaaj) or plane also means विमान or aircraft – It is all same.

I am sorry, महाविद्यालयMahavidhyalay means college and विश्वविद्यालय means University .

सितारों सितारे or तारे ko bhee( stars of planet) kahtey hain. The cinema(movie or film)a stars are also known as सितारे i.e star it means . The inner meaning basically in planet related to star.

रोपण(ropan) is planting which also means Ropana i.e. to Sow.

तरू Taru also means tree .

Please note tea is chaay. question was Tree. and not Tea

विश्रान्ति Vishraanti is another word for rest, besides what I stated above earlier.

Regards,

Mystery Words Answers
On Tuesday’s podcast, we had a number of mystery words that we challenged you to figure out.  These were not the normal words that you look in the dictionary to find out.  Instead, these were English words written in the Hindi script.  We received three great responses from JohnnyJi, Suresh, and Maree.

1) गेट नंबर
gate number   दरवाजा क्रमाँक
2) जॉश
Josh English Name This name is very similar to the Hindi word जोश which means excitement.  Suresh suggest a synanym for this word:  उत्साह  
3) इन्जिनियर
engineer अभियंता  
4) जेसिन
Jason English Name  
5) प्लेन
plane हवाई जहाज़ (m) वायुयान (from Suresh)
(JohnnyJi points out, it could also be ‘plain’ whichi is समतल)
6) टीना
Tina English Name  
7) लिंकन
Lincoln English Name  
8) टीवी
TV दूरदर्शन  
9) टु प्ले
to play खेलना  
10) कॉलेज
college महाविद्यालय  विश्वविद्यालय (from Suresh which means University)  
11) मून
moon चन्द्रमा / चाँद  
12) स्टार्स
stars तारे  
13) प्लांटिग
planting लगा रहा From the verb लगाना – to plant
14) ट्री
tree   पेड़ वृक्ष (from suresh)
(also it can’t be tea, notice the mark under ट which is a र sound.  Also “three” is not a good choice because that would be written त्री)
15) रिवर
river नदी  
16) बोट
boat नाव, नौका    
17) विल स्विम
will swim तैरूँगा  
18) वॉच
watch घड़ी, देखभाल  
19) हाइकिंग
hiking चढ़ रहा from the verb चढ़ना to hike or climb
20) रेस्ट
rest आराम विश्राम (from Suresh)

   Items at Home  首页事项
Purpose:  To enhance work stock(Hindi vocabulary) related to articles used at home i.e. spices, fruits etc.

अंजीर Anjeer=  Figs

अमरूद Amrood=Guava

अनन्नास Ananas=     Pineapple

अनार Anar=   Pomegranate

अंगूर Angoor=Grapes

अचार Achaar=Indian Pickle: high in flavor and sharp taste.

अजवायन Ajwaiyen : =Parsley/Thyme( Ajwaiyenits flower)

अखरोट Akhrot=Walnut

बादाम Almond=Badam

आलूबुखारा Aloobukhara=  Plum

फिटकिरी Alum =Phitkari

आमचूर्ण Amchourn=  Dried Mango powder

सौंफ Aniseed=  Saunph

सेब Apple= Sev ( Fruit)

खुबानी Apricot=  Khubani ( Fruit)

अरवी Arbi=  Colocasia

ककड़ी or खीरा kakadi (light green long)or kheera(small dark green) = Cucumber

हींग Heeng  = Asafoetida

भतुआ Ash gourd=  Bhatua(Petha a famous sweet is made )

आटा Aatta=Flour. Commonly used for Whole wheat flour

जौ Barley=Jaou

तुलसी Tulsasi =Basil

तेजपत्ता Bay leaf=Tejpata

चुकंदर Beetroot=Chucandar

शिमला मिर्च Simla Mirch =  Bell Pepper

चना Chana =Bengal gram

बेसन Besan=Gram flour

पान Paan Betel leaves

भाजी  या (or)  सब्जी Bhaaji or Sabji =Any vegetable.

भात Bhaat=  cooked Rice

चावल Chawal =  Rice

मकई मक्का, भुट्टा Makai, Muckka  or Bhutta= Corn or Maize

करेला Bitter gourd  =Karela

काली मिर्च Black pepper=Kali Mirch

नमक namak= salt

लौकी और दूधि lauki or doodhi = Bottle gourd

बंद या पत्ता   गोभी Band or Patta Hobhi  =Cabbage

जीरा Jeera :  cumin seed

इलायची Illaichi =Cardamom

काजू Kaju =Cashew

अरंडी Arandi =Castor

फूल गोभी Phool Gobhi =Cauliflower

चिचिण्डा Chichinda=Snake gourd

मिर्च Mirch  =Chili

धनिया Dhania.= Coriander

दालचीनी Dalchini  = Cinnamon

लवंग Lavang = Clove( or Laung) लवंग

नारियल Nriyal  =-Coconut

पनीर Paneer = cheese

कपास Kapas= Cotton or Rui रुई   सूती कपड़ा sooti kapada  cotton cloth

मलाई Malai= Cream

दही Dahi =  Curd

किशमिश Kishmish  = Raisin or मुनक्का  Munakka Currant

करिया पत्ता Kria Patta = Curry leaves

दाल Dal  =  Pulses – Lentils   (varieties,  Moong, Masoor, Urad, Channa etc.)

खजूर Lhajoor =Dates

मूंगा, or सजना Moonga or sajna Drumstick= (long, green stick , a vegetable which is full of iron)   = Please note moonga also means coral

मेथी Methi = fenugreek

गन्ना   केतारी  ,ईख ऊख Ganna, Ketari, Eekh, Ookh =Sugarcane

लहसुन Lahsun = Garlic

अदरख , सौंठ Adrakh , saunth =Ginger,  dried ginger

मूंगफली का  तेल Moongfali ka tale  =Groundnut Oil

गुड Gud=Jaggery

गुलाब जल Gulab Jal=Rose Water

हल्दी Haldi=Turmeric

शहद, मधु Shahad, madhu =Honey

कुलथी Kulthi:  = Horse gram

इमली Imli=Tamarind

कटहल Kathal =Jackfrui

जायफल Jaiphal=Nutmeg

जैतून Jaitoon=Olives

जावित्री Javitri=Mace

जवार  Jowar=Sorghum

बाजरा Baajra   millet

तरबूज Tarbooj: =Watermelon

कसूरी मेथी Kasoori methi    Dry fenugreek leaves

केसर Kesar=Saffron

खमीर Khameer=Yeast

नीम Neem =  Margosa

मटर Matar=Peas

पुदीना Mint=Pudina

मूली Mooli=Radish

मौसंबी Mosambi=Sweet lime

शहतूत Shahtoot  = Mulberry

सरसों Sarson =Mustard

नाशपाती Nashpaati=Pear

संतरा Santara or    नारंगी Narangi =  Orange

पालक Palak=Spinach

पपीता Papeeta = Papaya

पिस्ता Pista=Pistachio

प्याज Pyaaz=Onion

रायता Raita = yogurt  and Vegetable salad

सूजी Sooji = Semolina

सेवई Seviyee =Vermicelli

शक्करकंद Shakarkand=Sweet potato

सिरका Sirka=Vinegar

तिल Til=Sesame

目的：为了提高工作股（印地文词汇）与香料即第在家中使用，水果等

अंजीर Anjeer= Figs  =无花果

अमरूद Amrood=Guava  =番石榴

अनन्नास Ananas= Pineapple 凤梨

अनार Anar= Pomegranate  =石榴

अंगूर Angoor=Grapes  =葡萄

अचार Achaar =印度泡菜：高品味的味道和夏普等。

अजवायन Ajwaiyen : =香菜/百里香（Ajwaiyenits花）

अखरोट Akhrot=Walnut =核桃

बादाम Almond=Badam 杏仁=巴达姆

आलूबुखारा Aloobukhara= Plum  =梅花

फिटकिरी Alum =Phitkari = Phitkari

आमचूर्ण Amchourn= Dried  =芒果干粉末

सौंफ Aniseed= 八角= Saunph

सेब Apple= Sev ( Fruit) 苹果=（水果）

खुबानी Apricot= Khubani ( Fruit) 杏（水果）

अरवी Arbi= Colocasia =芋

ककड़ी or खीरा kakadi =黄瓜

हींग Heeng = Asafoetida

भतुआ Ash gourd= 灰葫芦= Bhatua

आटा Aatta=Flour.  =面粉

जौ Barley=Jaou 大麦

तुलसी Tulsasi =Basil =罗勒

तेजपत्ता Bay leaf=Tejpata 月桂叶

चुकंदर Beetroot=Chucandar 甜菜

शिमला मिर्च Simla Mirch = Bell Pepper =甜椒

चना Chana =Bengal gram 孟加拉克

बेसन Besan=Gram flour  =克面粉

पान Paan Betel leaves 槟榔叶

भाजी या (or) सब्जी Bhaaji or Sabji =Any vegetabl=任何蔬菜。

भात Bhaat= cooked Rice =米饭

चावल Chawal = Rice चावलChawal =赖斯

मकई मक्का, भुट्टा Makai, Muckka or Bhutta= Corn or Maize  =玉米或玉米

करेला Bitter gourd =Karela 苦瓜

काली मिर्च Black pepper=Kali Mirch 黑胡椒=卡利

नमक namak= salt  =盐

लौकी और दूधि lauki or doodhi = Bottle gourd  =葫芦

बंद या पत्ता गोभी Band or Patta Hobhi =Cabbage  =白菜

जीरा Jeera : cumin seed =Jeera小茴香种子

इलायची Illaichi =Cardamom =豆蔻

काजू Kaju =Cashew =腰果

अरंडी Arandi =Castor =蓖麻

फूल गोभी Phool Gobhi =Cauliflower  =花椰菜

चिचिण्डा Chichinda=Snake gourd  =丝瓜

मिर्च Mirch =Chili  =辣椒

धनिया Dhania.= Coriander  .=香菜

दालचीनी Dalchini = Cinnamon  =肉桂

लवंग Lavang = Clove( or Laung)  =丁香（或炯朗）

नारियल Nriyal =-Coconut  =-椰子

पनीर Paneer = cheese =奶酪

कपास Kapas= Cotton or Rui र =棉花或棉布

मलाई Malai= Cream =奶油

दही Dahi = Curd दहीDahi =豆腐

किशमिश Kishmish = Raisin  =葡萄干或克兰特

करिया पत्ता Kria Patta = Curry leaves 帕塔=咖喱叶

दाल Dal = Pulses – Lentils (varieties, Moong, Masoor, -扁豆

खजूर Lhajoor =Dates =日期

मूंगा , or सजना Moonga or sajna Drumstick= 鼓槌=（长，绿棒，这是铁的蔬菜满）=请注意蒙加也意味着珊瑚

मेथी Methi = fenugreek =胡芦巴

गन्ना केतारी ,ईख ऊख Ganna, Ketari, Eekh, Ookh =Sugarcane =甘蔗

लहसुन Lahsun = Garlic =大蒜

अदरख , सौंठ Adrakh , saunth =Ginger, dried ginger 生姜，干姜

मूंगफली का तेल Moongfali ka tale =家的故事=花生油

गुड Gud=Jaggery  =棕榈糖

गुलाब जल Gulab Jal=Rose Water 日航=玫瑰水

हल्दी Haldi=Turmeric i =姜黄

शहद, मधु Shahad, madhu =Honey 马杜=蜂蜜

कुलथी Kulthi: = Horse gram =马克

इमली Imli=Tamarind  =塔默林德

कटहल Kathal =Jackfrui

जायफल Jaiphal=Nutmeg =纳特梅格

जैतून Jaitoon=Olives  =橄榄

जावित्री Javitri=Mace =梅斯

जवार J owar=Sorghum  =高粱

बाजरा Baajra millet 小米

तरबूज Tarbooj: =Watermelon =西瓜

कसूरी मेथी Kasoori methi Dry fenugreek leaves 胡芦巴叶干

केसर Kesar=Saffron  =藏红花

खमीर Khameer=Yeast  =酵母

नीम Neem = Margosa नीम印楝

मटर Matar=Peas 豆豆

पुदीना Mint=Pudina 薄荷

मूली Mooli=Radish  =萝卜

मौसंबी Mosambi=Sweet lime i =甜石灰

शहतूत Shahtoot = Mulberry  =桑

सरसों Sarson =Mustard =芥菜

नाशपाती Nashpaati=Pear  =梨

संतरा Santara or नारंगी Narangi = Orang =橙

पालक Palak=Spinach  =菠菜

पपीता Papeeta = Papaya  =木瓜

पिस्ता Pista=Pistachio  =开心果

प्याज Pyaaz=Onion  =洋葱

रायता Raita = yogurt and Vegetable salad  =酸奶和蔬菜沙拉

सूजी Sooji = Semolina =粗粒

सेवई Seviyee =Vermicelli =米线

शक्करकंद Shakarkand=Sweet potato =甘薯

सिरका Sirka=Vinegar =醋

तिल Til=Sesame =芝麻

. 任务：请用几句话，提到自己的使用（比如由于一些特殊的食谱），味道，生长的地方，可与所有在任何特定的气候，便宜或昂贵的共享等，。

印地文和神秘文字
Raksha Bandhan (रक्षा बंधन)
Today (August 24) is Raksha Bandhan (रक्षा बंधन).  The day in which sisters (बहिनें) honor their brothers (भाई) and in turn the brothers reconfirm their commitment to protect and look after their sisters.  There is a ceremony, which my wife and her brother went through at our house.

First the sister ties a  rakhi (राखी) to the brother’s wrist.  



Then the sister places a tilak on the brother’s forehead.



The sister will throw rice (चावल) on the brother for good luck.



And then feed the brother a sweet (मिठाई).



And then the brother gives his blessings.  (Listen to the podcast to get an explanation of Raksha Bandhan from Naraindas Ji in both Hindi and English)

(While researching Raksha Bandhan, I found this article which is worth looking at.  It has some good pictures and explanations. India festival – Raksha Bandhan)

First Day of Hindi Class (पहले दिन की हिंदी की कक्षा)
Monday was my first day of Hindi class at the University of Houston.  The teach, Arun Prakash, has put together a class that focuses on a lot of practice.  The materials we went over on Monday focus on taking a single concept and creating a lot of variations on it.  Prakash Jii’s focus is on people learning Hindi, and not on the mechanics of having a class.  This in combination with the normal pressure of being in a class will help focus my mind to ensure so that I will finally achieve a reasonable level of Hindi proficiency in Hindi.  I believe by the end of the class I will be able to feel comfortable reading, writing, speaking, and understanding Hindi.  I want to share with you the highlights of this class.

Prakash Jii pointed out several tips and tricks that can help you to speak correctly in Hindi.

Often the correct grammar to use when answering a question can be found within the question.

If someone asks “आपका नाम क्या है?”  then you answer replacing क्या with your name (नाम).  If some asks you आपका x  then you will respond back मेरा x.   (Likewise, if they ask आपकी then respond back मेरी.)



What types of answers do you give to a question with कहाँ (where) in it?  It is always a place.

What types of answers do you give to a question with क्या (what) in it?  It is always a “thing”, either a noun or pronoun.

How about कब (when)?  It is always a time.  And with कौन (who) it is always a person.

If you start a sentence with मैं (I) then expect to end it with हूँ (am).  (Exceptions for past tense, when a मैं is part of a group, and a few other cases.)

If you start a sentence with आप expect to end it with हैं.  And with तुम then end with हो.  (These are all true with the present tense.)



Mystery Words
The following are English words written with Devanagari (the Hindi script).  I found them in the materials that Prakash Jii gave us, and at first I was puzzled by them until I realized what they were.  What I would like for you to do is before the time I record Thursday’s episode (less than 36 hours from now), come by the website and leave a comment with as many of the English words that you have been able to figure out.  And for extra points, provide the Hindi equivalent where possible.

1) गेट नंबर

2) जॉश

3) इन्जिनियर

4) जेसिन

5) प्लेन

6) टीना

7) लिंकन

8) टीवी

9) टु प्ले

10) कॉलेज

11) मून

12) स्टार्स

13) प्लांटिग

14) ट्री

15) रिवर

16) बोट

17) विल स्विम

18) वॉच

19) हाइकिंग

20) रेस्ट

विपरीतार्थक  या विलोम शब्द  反义词字  
We have each month from June 2009 till July 2010 available for download in the paid subscriber area. It is a great way to get a lot of episodes and create a CD or listen to it on your MP3 player. Now on with the lesson…


विपरीतार्थक  या विलोम शब्द ( antonym words)

शब्द, उच्चारण, अर्थ

Hindi
(pronunciation)
English

Opposite words

बुद्धिमता
(budhimata)
intelligence मुर्खता
(murkhata)
folly
विजय
(vijay)
victory पराजय
(parajay)
  defeat
जन्म
(janm)
birth मृत्यु
(mrityu)
death
नीचा
(neecha)
low ऊंचा
(ooncha)
high
गन्दा
(gabta)
dirty साफ़
(saaf)
clean
जल्दी
(jaldi)
fast देरी
(deri)
slow
उपजाऊं
(upjaaun)
fertile बंजर
(banjar)
barren
अनुपस्थिति
(anupasthiti)
absent उपस्थिति
(oopasthiti)
present
स्वत्रंता
(swatrantata)
independence दासता
(dasta)
slavery
कमाना
(kamaana)
earn खर्च करना
(kharch karna)
spend
स्थाई
(sthayee)
permanent अस्थायी
(asthayee)
temporary
गर्म
(garm)
hot ठंडा
(thanda)
cool

भूलना
(bulna)
to forget याद करना
(yaad karna)
to remember  
छोटा
(chota)
small बड़ा
(bada)
big
पतला
(patla)
thin मोटा
(mota)
fat  
स्वीकार
(sweekaar)
accept अस्वीकार
(asweekaar)
refuse  
क्रूर
(krur)
cruel दयालु
(dayalu)
   kind,merciful  
निर्दोष
(nirdosh)
innocent र्दोष
(dosh)
  guilt
सुन्दर
(sundar)
beautiful/handsome बदसूरत
(badsoorat)
ugly
कच्चा
(kaccha)
raw पक्का
(pukka)
ripe  
बासी
(baasee)
stale ताजा
(taja)
fresh  
लाभ
(laabh)
  profit हानि
(hani)
loss  
हर्ष
(harsh)
happiness विषाद
(vishaad)
sorrow
विनम्रता
(vinamrata)
humility घमंड
(ghamand)
arrogance

सम्मान
(samman)
honor  अनादर
(anadar)
dishonor

धीरे
(dheery)
slow तेज
(tej)
fast  
शोर
(shor)  
noise शांन्ति
(shanti
peace
सुखान्त
(sukhant)  
comedy     दुखांत
(dukhaant)  
tragedy  
धनी
(dhani)
rich गरीब
(gareeb)
poor
सच
(sach)
truth झूट
(jhoot)
lie, false
मौखिक
(maukhik)  
verbal लिखित
(likhit)  
written
अज्ञान
(agyaan)  
ignorance    ज्ञान
(gyaan)
knowledge


Homework:

Some questions:

What is Aaajaadi.  How  do you write in Devanagari script.  What is its’ antonyms?
What is the Hindi for courageous and how is it written in Hindi?  Also, please write, antonyms for this.  If you have some alternate words too, please share.  I will be happy to see a sentence as well.
What is वास्तविक?  Kindly write it’s synonyms as well.
Where is similar meaning to  Nirdayee above.
What is Sukh and Dukh? Please explain in Hindi.
What do you understand by  Asafalata hi safalata ki seedhi hai?
I will be happy to see some more antonyms besides ,above..

非正式交谈

On Saturday, August 21, 2010 we had our second “Lunch and Learn Hindi” event in Houston.  This time we covered “Informal Conversations”.    Here are just some of the basic phrases that we covered:

आपका नाम क्या है? – What is your name?

आप कहाँ से हैं?   – Where are you from?

आप कहाँ रहते हैं? – Where do you live?

क्या आप चाय पीते हैं?  – Do you drink tea?

क्या आप विवाहित हैं? Are you married?

We also covered how to ask these same questions about someone’s husband (पति), wife (पत्नी), and children (बच्चे).  Along the way many new words were covered.  We also looked at the grammar rules to use verbs in the present tense.  For example,  पीना means to drink.   This changes to पीता when I use it with relation to myself.  मैं चाय पीता हूँ। but a girl would say  मैं चाय पीती हूँ।  And then if you are asking a man if he drinks tea you would say क्या आप चाय पीते हैं?  We covered these rules in different types of sentences and practiced as well. We also touched on adjective – noun agreement, the use of prepositions, and how to make plurals.
After the event, one of the participants, Lam Li, talked to me about her experiences.  We talked about why she is learning Hindi, how she is studying, and what she learned from the Lunch and Learn Event.  Lam had also attended the previous lunch and learn event where we learned “50 Hindi Words to Get You Started.”

学习印地语的语音，练习压码听懂印地语。
这样的材料好在，你可以听着语音，找到英语文本，遇到印地语字母和句子，你一听就懂了。
看着文本呢听语音。
后面没有文本了，你也就可以脱离开文本，自己听懂了。

Mrs. Indira Gandhi  
英迪拉甘地夫人

आपातकाल लागू करने के अपने कुछ फायदे और नुक्सान  थे | Aaapatkaal laagoo karne ke apney kuch faayde aur nuksaan tthey. Imposing ( Implementing ) emergency had its own advantages and disadvantages.

मुझे  याद है कि एचईसी, ( हेवी इंजीनियरिंग कारपोरेशन- इंजीनियरिंग, मशीन उपकरण और फाउंड्री फ़ोर्ज) जहां मेरे पिता एक अभियंता के रूप में कार्यरत  थे, ने बहुत अच्छे कार्य का प्रदर्शन  किया और सबसे अच्छा उत्पादन दिया | Mujhey yaad hai ki HEC(Heavy Engeering Corporation- Engineering, machine upkaran aur foundry Forge ) ney bahut acchey  kaarya ka pradarshan kiya . I remember that HEC (Heavy Engineering Corporation- engineering, machine tools and foundry forge), where my father worked as an Engineer, performed very well and gave best production.

रांची में(वर्तमान  में झारखंड राज्य   की राजधानी है|) मेरे बी कॉम (स्नातक ) की परीक्षा  कुछ महीनों के लिए स्थगित कर दी गयी|  Ranchi mein(Vartmaan mein Jharkhand raajya kee raajdhaani hai).   My   B.Com (graduation) examination was postponed  for a few months  in Ranchi, (currently Capital of Jharkhand state/province)

वह एक योग्य  प्रशासक थीं  | Vah ek yogya prashasak ttheen . She was an able administrator.

उन्होने १९७७ में आम चुनाव खो दिया | Unhoney 1977 mein aam chunaav kho diya.  She lost general elections in 1977.

परमाणु  कार्यक्रम, हरित क्रांति आदि  इस अवधि के दौरान उनकी उपलब्धियां रही हैं | Parmaanu kaarykram, harit kranti aadi is avadhi ke dauraan unki uplabdhiyan rahi hain.   Nuclear program, green revolution etc. have been   her achievements during this  period.

मुझे उनकी १४ सूत्रीय विकास कार्यक्रम(जो बाद में २० सूत्रीय विकास कार्यक्रम में संशोधित की गयी) के मुख्य बिन्दुओं में से एक बिंदु याद है जो था ” भारत के जरूरतमंद ग्रामीण, आदिवासी और शहरी प्रखंडो में चरणबद्ध तरीके से, गर्भवती और प्रसूति महिलाओं और  ६ साल तक  के बच्चों के लिए , गैर औपचारिक शिक्षाएं और प्रतिरक्षण आदि हेतु ,भोजन और पोषण परियोजनाओं को बढ़ाना |

Mujhey unki 14 sootriya   vikas kaaryakram(jo baad mein 20 sootriya   vikas kaaryakram mein sanshodhit ki gayee) ke mukhy binduon mey sey ek bindu yaad hai jo ttha “ Bhaarat key jarooratmand grameen, aadiwaasi aur shahari prakhandon mein charanbadh tareekey sey , garbhvati aur prasooti mahilaon aur 6 saalr tak de bacchon ke liye, gair-aupcharik shikshayen aur pratirakshan aadi hetu , bhojan and poshan pariyojanaon ko badhana .

I recall one salient point out of her 14 points on Integrated Development programmes ( revised to 20 points on Integrated  Development  programmes, later )  which was”. To enhance food and nutrition projects for the Pregnant and Lactating women  and children below 6 years, and non formal education, immunization etc . in the needy rural, tribal and urban blocks of India in a phased manner”
भारत में   सन   १९७५ में ३३ परियोजनाओं से  सन २०००  तक ५००० विकास प्रखंडों तक  पहुँची  | Bharat mein  san 1975 mein 33 pariyojanaon se san 2000 tak 5000 vikash prakandon tak pahunchee. In India,  from 33 Projects in 1975 reached to 5000 development blocks by  the year 2000.
भारत  सरकार प्रायोजित परियोजना  समेकित (समन्वित )बाल विकास सेवा स्कीम (आईसीडीएस) के रूप में जाना जाता है| Bharat sarkar praayojit pariyojna   , samanvit baal vikas seva (ICDS) scheme ke room mein jaana jaata hai. The Govt. of India sponsored Project is known as Integrated Child Development Scheme Services (ICDS).
भारत  में २७साल(    १९७६-२००३)  मुझे अंतरराष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवी संस्था केयर में सेवा करने का सम्मान प्राप्त हुआ  जिसने  सन १९८४ से २००६ तक  आईसीडीएस  परियोजनाओं में करोड़ से ऊपर लाभार्थियों  द्वारा उपयोग हेतु अमेरिका से मुफ्त पूरक पोषण भोजन प्रदान किया |
Bharat mein 27 saal(1976-2003)  mujhe antarrashtriy savayngsevi sanstha  care mein seva karne ka samman prapt hua jisney san 1984 se 2006 tak ICDS pariyojanaon mein karodon se upar  laabharthiyon dwara upyog hetu America se muft purak poshan bhojan pradaan kiya.
I had the honour to serve CARE, an international voluntary Organization for 27 years in India from 1976 till 2003 which provided supplementary nutrition food free from US for intended use by millions of beneficiaries in ICDS Projects starting from 1984 till 2006.
१९८४ से पहले, केअर भोजन सादा ,पूरक पोषण परियोजनाओं में और भारत के कुछ प्रांतों में स्कूल के के लिए प्रदान कर रही थी |
unniso Chaurasi sey phaley, CARE bhojan ,saada purak poshan pariyojanon mein aur bharat ke kuch prantpn mein school  key liye pradaan kar rahi tthi.
Before 1984, the CARE food was being provided in the plain Supplementary Nutrition Projects and for school  in some provinces of India.

उन्हें ३१ अक्टूबर १९८४ को  उनके  अंगरक्षकों ने मार दिया |  Unhein 31 actoober 1984 ko unkey angrakshakon ne maar diya . She was assassinated  on 31st Oct, 1984 by her bodyguards.
देश में कुछ समय  तक के लिए अराजकता  थी | Desh mein kuch samay tak ke liye araajakta thee.  Chaos were there for some time in the country.

रेलगाड़ियों के समय में न चलने में/ रद्द के  वजह से  असुविधा रही थी|. Railgadiyon ke samay mein na chalney mein/ raddh ke vajah sey asuvidha rahi tthee.  Trains were not running on time/cancellations  caused  inconvenience.

यह घटना मुझे अच्छे तरह  से याद है चुंकि  मेरी शादी २५ नवम्बर १९८४ को हुई  थी | Yah ghatna mujhey acchee tarah se yaad hai chunki meri shaadee 25 November 1984 ko hui tthee. I remember this episode very well as I got married on 25 Nov. 1984.
हर  भारतीय स्वर्गीय श्रीमती इंदिरा गांधी  ,भारत की बेटीका ऋणी है | Har Bharateey
Swargeey srimati indira Gandhi , bharat ke beti ka rini hai. Every Indian is indebted to the daughter of India. i.e. Late Mrs. Indira Gandhi.
Vocabulary:

फायदे और नुक्सान faydey aurnuksaan    advantages and disadvantaes

वर्तमान vartmaan   current

योग्य प्रशासक yogya prashaasak   able administrator

आम  चुनाव aam chunaav    general election  .  Aaam also means mango in different context.

खो  दिया Kho   diya     lost

उपलब्धियां Uplabdhiyan   achievements

अंगरक्षकों angrakshakon     bodyguards

मार Maar dena      to kill or assaainate   or slain

अराजकता   Araajakta    chaos

असुविधा asuvidha  inconvenience

रेलगाड़ियों   railgadiyon    trains

रद्द  Raddh    cancellation

घटना Ghatna   episode

ऋणी rinee  ;  indebtness

You can search websites, discuss with friends and answer these.

Question:    .

1.  Difference between Maar Dena and  Mar Jaana?

2.  What is bhoot aur Bhavishya? Write a Hindi sentence and

compare the difference with vartamaan.

3. Write a sentence with rin in Hindi and its meaning please

Home Work:

Please write  in Hindi  10 lines on the father of the Nation, Late Shri. Mohan Das Karam Chand Gandhi of India, explaining   where he belonged to and his role in South Africa, .  Besides, who assassinated him and  what was his slogan/mantra .   The meaning of important words also may kindly be explained.

   印地语文字句子比较多，你听语音不太容易，你要注意：
1、直接看印地语长句子，每个句子的印地语字母读音直接看，看清楚字母读音当然好，看不清楚，或者看的和下面的字母对不上号，你马上就检验出来，那个字母不熟练，就慢慢熟练掌握了你不认识的那个字母。
2、你容易错误的是印地语的韵母部分的连读，i，u，a，e，o在声母后面的连写的位置标记，你看多了反应就快了。
3、看懂文本的印地语字母，你听语音才有可能直接通过声音的音译听懂。我们没有时间一点一点学习句子，直接听懂长篇语音，才是学习目的。

（斯丽玛缇英迪拉甘地）晚英迪拉甘地夫人

स्वर्गीय श्रीमती इंदिरा गांधी (Swargiya Srimati Indira Gandhi) Late Mrs. Indira Gandhi
इंदिरा  गांधी  का जन्म  १९ नवंबर १९१७ को  भारत के उत्तर प्रदेश प्रांत   में स्थित इलाहाबाद में हुआ था | Indira Gandhi ka janm  19 Navambar 1917 ko bhaarat ke  Uttar Pradesh praant mein sthit illahabad mein hua ttha. . Indira was born on November 19, 1917 in Allahabad, located in Uttar Pradesh province of India
उनके पिता  पंडित जवाहर लाल नेहरू और  माँ श्रीमती कमला नेहरू थे | Unkey pita   Pandit Jawaharlal  Nehru aur  maan   Srimati Kamla Nehru ttha.  Her father was Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and  mother was Mrs. Kamala Nehru.

बहुत  ही कम उम्र में  ही , उन्हें भारत के स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन में अपने पिता के साथ शामिल किया गया |  Bahut kee kam umra mein he  unhey Bharat ke swantrata aandolan mein apney pita ke saath shamil kiya gaya. In a very young age itself, she was involved with her father in the freedom movement of India.

उन्होने ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय में अध्ययन किया | Unhoney Oxford Vishwavidhyaly mein addhyyan kiya. She studied in the Oxford University.
उनकी माँ कमला नेहरू का देहांत १९३६ में हुआ | Unki maa Kamla Nehru ka dehant 1936 mein hua. Her mother Kamala Nehru died in 1936.
उन्होने अपने पिता एवं  बुआ श्रीमती विजयलक्ष्मी पंडित का समर्थन किया | Unhoney apney pita evam bua Srimati Vijayalakshmi Pandit ka smarthan kiya. She supported her father  and aunt Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Pandit.
उन्होने १९४२ में फिरोज से शादी कर ली | Unhoney 1942 mein Forize se shaadi kar lee. She married Feroze In 1942
भारत  १९४७  में स्वतंत्र हुआ |    Bharat 1947 mein swatrant hua. India became independent in 1947.
वह  १९५९ में कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष बनीं | Vah 1959 mein Congress adhyksh baneen. She became the Congress president in 1959.
सन १९६० में उनके पति श्री. फिरोज गांधी की मृत्यु हो गई |  San 1960 mein unkey pati Firoze Gandhi ke mritu ho gayee.   Her Husband Sri Firoze Gandhi died in the year 1960.

In १९८०, उनके छोटे बेटे  श्री. संजय गाँधी की विमान दुर्घटना में मौत हो गयी | Unkey chote bête Sri. Sanjay Gandhi ke vimaan durghatna mein maut ho gayee.   Her younger son, Mr. Sanjay Gandhi died in a plane crash in 1980.

उनके  बड़े बेटे  श्री. राजीव गाँधी की हत्या १९९१ में कर दी गयी | Unkey bade bête Sri. Rajeev Gandhi ke hatya 1991 mein kar dee gayee.Her elder son Shri. Rajeev Gandhi was assassinated in 1991.

जब  उनके पिता श्री जवाहर लाल नेहरू का निधन १९६४ में हुआ , तब श्री लाल बहादुर शास्त्री प्रधानमंत्री बने| Jab unkey pita Shri. Jawahar Lal Nehur ka nidhan 1964 mein hua tab Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri pradhaanmantri baney.   When her father Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru died in 1964,  then Mr. Lal Bahadur Shastri became the Prime Minister.

दुर्भाग्य से, शास्त्रीजी की मौत १९६६ में हो गई ,जब इंदिराजी को भारत का प्रधान मंत्री घोषित किया गया | Durbhaagya sey,  Shastrijee ki maut 1966 mein ho gayee, jab Indirajee ko Bhaarat ka Pradhaan Mantri ghoshit kiya gaya. Unfortunately, Shashtrijee died in 1966 when Indirajee was declared the Prime Minister of India.

सन १९७१ में पाकिस्तान के साथ युद्ध था |  San 1971 mein Pakistan ke saagh yudh ttha.  In 1971 there was a war with Pakistan.

उन्होने वह संकट कुशलता से संभाला | Unhoney vah sankat kushalta sey sambhaala .  She handled that crisis ably.

बांग्लादेश  स्वतंत्र हुआ |   Bangladesh swatrant hua. Bangladesh became independent.

मैं याद करता हूँ कि १९७५  में देश में कुछ स्थिरता के मुद्दों के कारण उन्होने आपातकाल को घोषित किया| Main yaad karta hun ki 1975 mein desh mein kuch sthirta key muddon ke kaaran unhoney aapkaal ko ghoshit kiya . I recall that the emergency in country was announced by her in 1975 due to some stability issues .

Vocabulary:

स्वतंत्रता  आंदोलन Swantrata aandolan:  Freedom movement

अध्ययन  adhyyan   studies

अध्यक्ष    adhyaksh   President

विमान दुर्घटना vimaan durghatna  plane accident/crash

दुर्भाग्य durbhaagya unfortunately

शादी: shaadi  marriage   also known as Vivah or lagn in Hindi

युद्ध yuddh   war

संकट sankat    crisis

कुशलता kushalata    ably

संभाला sambhaala   managed/handled

आपातकाल Aapaatkaal  :  Emergency

You can search websites, discuss with friends and answer these.

Question:  1. Where are the sentences above which mean KAAL KO GAAL HO JAANA.?

2.  What is the meaning of Pran nyochavar kar diye?.

3.  How do you write Saubhagya in Hindi and what is its meaning?

4.  What is ghatna and durghatana in Hindi.  Please write a sentence in Hindi.

CONCLUSION: निष्कर्ष  Nishkarsh

Message for all from Suresh

“ It is imperative that we empower women.  A boy or girl’s growth and overall development depends on a lady/mother.  A healthy male/female child becomes an asset for the country when he/she grows up+.

CONCLUSION: निष्कर्ष  Nishkarsh

सुरेश से सभी को एक संदेश:

“यह आवश्यक है कि हम महिलाओं को सशक्त बनायें | एक बच्चा या बच्ची का/की  वृद्धि एवं  समुचित विकास एक महिला /माँ पर निर्भर करता है | एक स्वस्थ बच्चा /बच्ची देश के लिए एक संपत्ति हो जाता/ जाती है जब वह  बढ़ता/बढती है |”

» SHRAVAN KUMAR  库马尔

am pleased to share this lovely story of SHRAVAN KUMAR from India.

श्रवण कुमार (shravan kumaar)

श्रवण कुमार अपने माता-पिता का इकलौता पुत्र  था। Shravan kumaar apney maataa-pitaa ka iklauta putra thaa.  Shravan Kumar was the lone son of their father-mother(parents).

उसके  वृद्ध माता-पिता देख नहीं पाते थे। Uskey vriddh maataa-pitaa dekh nahi paate tthey.

His old parents(mother-father) were not able to see.(blind)

श्रवण उनकी भली प्रकार से देख-भाल और सेवा करता था। . Shravan unkii bhalii prakaar se dekh-bhaal aur sevaa kartaa thaa. Shravan used to serve and take care of them well.

एक  बार माता-पिता ने कहा- बेटा हम तीर्थ यात्रा करना चाहते हैं, परन्तु क्या करें, देख नहीं सकते, अत: स्वयं यात्रा करने में समर्थ नहीं हैं। ek baar maataa-pitaa ne kahaa – beta ham tiirth yaatraa karnaa chaahte hain, parntu kyaa Karen, dekh nahin saktey, atah svayam yaatra karne mein samarth nahin hain     Once parents told-Son we want to go for pilgrimage, but what to do?, cannot see, hence we are unable to travel on our own.

श्रवण बोला- आप चिंता न करें। Shravan bolaa – aap chinta na Karen.  Shravan stated- You please do not worry.

मैं आपको यात्रा पर ले चलूँगा।  . main aapko yaatraa par le calUngaa.    I will take you on pilgrimage.

श्रवण ने दो टोकरियों से काँवर तैयार  की। Shrvan ney do tokariyon sey kaanvar taiyaar kee> Shravan made a carriage of two baskets.

उसमें एक ओर माता और दूसरी  ओर पिता को बिठाया।  i Usmein ek or maata aur dusaree ore pita ko bitthaya. He made mother sit on one side and father on the other side.

काँवर उठाकर वह तीर्थ यात्रा पर चल दिया । Kaanvar uthaakar vah teerth yaatra par chal diyaa.   He lifted the carriage  and set out  for piligrimage.

श्रवण ने उन्हें अनेक तीर्थ स्थलों का भ्रमण कराया। shravan ney unhein anek tirth sthalon kaa bhraman karaaya .  Shravan took them on travel to several pilgrimage places.

एक  बार वे एक वन से होकर जा रहे  थे। Ek baar vey ek van sey hokar jaa rahey tthey.  Once they were  passing through a  forest.

मार्ग में वृद्ध माता-पिता को प्यास लगी। Maarg men vriddh maata-pitaa ko pyaas lagee.  Enroute parents felt thirsty

श्रवण ने माता-पिता को छाँव में बिठाया और घड़ा लेकर पास  ही बहती नदी  से पानी लाने चला गया।

Shravan ney maataa-pitaa ko chaanv mein bitthaya aur ghada leykar paas hi bahti nadee sey paani  laaney chala gaya.  Shravan made parents sat under shade and he went to the nearby flowing river, taking the pitcher, to fetch the water. .

उस  समय अयोध्या  के राजा दशरथ वन में आखेट कर रहे थे। Oos samay Ayodhyaa key raja Dashrath van mein aakhet kar rahey tthey.  The King of Ayodhya Dashratha was hunting in the forest at that time.

घड़े  में पानी भरने की आवाज़ सुनकर  उन्हें लगा कि कोई जंगली जानवर नदी में पानी पी रहा है। Ghadey mein paanee bharne kee aavaaz sunkar unhein lagaa ki koi jangli jaanvar nadee mein panee pee rahaa hai.   Hearing the voice of filling water in the pitcher, he felt that some animal from the forest is drinking water from the river.

राजा  ने तुरंत शब्द-वेधी बाण चला दिया।. Raja ney turant shabda-vedhi baan chalaa diyaa.

The king immediately  sent the  word -killing arrow.(Immaculate archery).

बाण लगते ही  श्रवण  चीत्कार कर भूमि पर गिर पड़ा। Baan lagtey hee Shravan chtkaar kar bhoomi par gir pada.   Shravan fell on the ground making a scream as arrow pierced him.

राजा  दौड़ कर वँहा पहुँचे तो अपनी भूल  पर उन्हें बड़ा पश्चाताप हुआ परन्तु अब क्या हो सकता था? Rajaa daud kar vahan pahunchye to apni bhul par unhe bada pshchataap huaa, parantu ab kyaa ho sakta thaa   Raja went there running, then felt  big remorse but now what could have been done?

श्रवण ने कहा- मेरे वृद्ध माता-पिता मेरी प्रतीक्षा कर रहे होंगे। कृपा कर उन्हे पानी पिला दें। Shravan ney kahaa – merey vriddh maataa-pitaa meree pratiksha kar rahey hongey. kripaa kar unhe y paanii pilaa dein.  Shravan said -  My old parents would have been expecting me.

यह  कहकर उसने प्राण त्याग दिए। Yah kahkar usney praan tyag diye. He sacrificed his life by saying this.

राजा  बड़े दुखी मन से उसके वृद्ध माता-पिता के पास गए।     Raajaa badey dukhi man se uskey vriddh maataa-pitaa key paas gaye.  The king went to the old parents with heavy heart.

उन्हें  अपना अपराध बताकर क्षमा माँगी। Unhey apnaa apraadh bataakar kshama maangee. He asked for forgiveness/(excuse./pardon) by explaining hisfault.

किन्तु  माता-पिता के दुख  की सीमा नहीं रही। Kintu maataa-pitaa key dukh ki simaa nahin rahee.

But there was no limit of parent’s pain.

वृद्ध पिता ने कहा- जिस  प्रकार पुत्र  वियोग में  हम प्राण त्याग  रहे हैं उसी  प्रकार तुम्हे भी अपने पुत्र  के वियोग का दुख भोगना होगा। Vriddh piitaa ne kahaa- jis prakaar putra viyog mein ham praan tyaag rahey hain usee prakaar tumhey bhee apney putra ke viyog kaa dukh bhognaa hoga.  The parents said- Like in son’s bereavement, we are sacrificing our life. similarly you will have to bear pain for the separation of the son, as explained .

श्रवण कुमार का नाम  उनकी मातृ-पितृ भक्ति के लिए अमर है। Shravan kumaar kaa naam unki matru-pitru bhakti ke liye amar hai.   Shravan kumar’s name is immortal for the matru-pitru bhakti(devotion)

शब्दावली (shabdaavalii) Vocabulary

इकलौता = adj.     iklauta     only (son)

पुत्र = m.   putra     son

वृद्ध = adj      vridh   old

देखना = dekhna    to see

पाना =    paana    receive or find          .  It also manners  spanner in different context

भली = adj    dhanee    nice

प्रकार = m    prakaar   manner, way   or tarah

देखभाल = f     dekhbhaal    care, supervision

सेवा = f      seva      service

तीर्थ यात्रा = m     teerth yaatra   pilgrimage

यात्रा = f       yaatra    journey

समर्थ = adj             Samarth     capable

चिंता = f    chinta   worry, concer

टोकरी = f     tokari  basket

काँवर = f   Kaanwar    a carrying instrument made of bamboo and ropes

बिठाना =    beethaana   to seat

उठाना =    oothaana            to lift

प्रतीक्षा = f    prateeksha       wait

पिलाना = Pilaana to cause to drink

प्राण = m      praan      life

अपराध = m    Apradh    crime

क्षमा माँगना =  Kshama maangna     ask forgiveness,

वियोग = m     Viyog    separation, bereavement

सीमा =     Seema  f    limit, boundary

अमर =   Amar   adj immortal