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spread          
    1    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If you spread something somewhere, you open it out or arrange it over a place or surface, so that all of it can be seen or used easily.
        She spread a towel on the sand and lay on it.
        His coat was spread over the bed.
    VB  
    
    +    spread out   spreads out; spreading out; spread out  
    Spread out means the same as spread.
        He extracted several glossy prints and spread them out on a low coffee table.
        In his room, Tom was spreading out a map of Scandinavia on the bed.
    PHR-V  
    
    2    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If you spread your arms, hands, fingers, or legs, you stretch them out until they are far apart.
        Sitting on the floor, spread your legs as far as they will go without overstretching.
        He stepped back and spread his hands wide. `You are most welcome to our home.'
    VB  
    
    +    spread out   spreads out; spreading out; spread out  
    Spread out means the same as spread.
        David made a gesture, spreading out his hands as if he were showing that he had no explanation to make.
        You need a bed that's large enough to let you spread yourself out.
    PHR-V  
    
    3    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If you spread a substance on a surface or spread the surface with the substance, you put a thin layer of the substance over the surface.
        Spread the mixture in the cake tin and bake for 30 minutes.
        A thick layer of wax was spread over the surface.
        Spread the bread with the cheese.
    VB  
    
    4    spread   spreads  
    Spread is a soft food which is put on bread.
        ...a wholemeal salad roll with low fat spread.
    N-MASS: usu supp N  
    
    5    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If something spreads or is spread by people, it gradually reaches or affects a larger and larger area or more and more people.
        The industrial revolution which started a couple of hundred years ago in Europe is now spreading across the world.
        ...the sense of fear spreading in residential neighborhoods...
        He was fed-up with the lies being spread about him.
    V-ERG  
    
    +    spread  
    Also a noun.
        The greatest hope for reform is the gradual spread of information.
        Thanks to the spread of modern technology, trained workers are now more vital than ever.
    N-SING: usu the N of n  
    
    6    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If something such as a liquid, gas, or smoke spreads or is spread, it moves outwards in all directions so that it covers a larger area.
        Fire spread rapidly after a chemical truck exploded.
        A dark red stain was spreading across his shirt.
        In Northern California, a wildfire has spread a haze of smoke over 200 miles.
    V-ERG  
    
    +    spread  
    Also a noun.
        The situation was complicated by the spread of a serious forest fire.
    N-SING  
    
    7    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If you spread something over a period of time, it takes place regularly or continuously over that period, rather than happening at one time.
        There seems to be little difference whether you eat all your calorie allowance in one go, or spread it over the day.
        The course is spread over a five week period.
    VB  
    
    8    spread   spreads   spreading   spread  
    If you spread something such as wealth or work, you distribute it evenly or equally.
        ...policies that spread the state's wealth more evenly...
        The loss of jobs has been far more evenly spread across the regions than it was during the early 1980s.
    VB  
    
    +    spread  
    Also a noun.
        There are easier ways to encourage the even spread of wealth.
    N-SING: usu N of n  
    
    9    spread  
    A spread of ideas, interests, or other things is a wide variety of them.
        A topic-based approach can be both hard to assess in primary schools with a typical spread of ability.
        We have an enormous spread of industries, mainly in the Home Counties and East Anglia.
    N-SING: usu N of n  
    = range  
    10    spread   spreads  
    A spread is a large meal, especially one that has been prepared for a special occasion.
    N-COUNT  
    
    11    spread   spreads  
    A spread is two pages of a book, magazine, or newspaper that are opposite each other when you open it at a particular place.
        There was a double-page spread of a dinner for 46 people.
    N-COUNT  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

variety          
    1    variety  
    If something has variety, it consists of things which are different from each other.
        Susan's idea of freedom was to have variety in her life style.
        I know no store anywhere in the world that has such variety and display.
        The music itself has so much variety.
    N-UNCOUNT  
    = diversity  
    2    variety  
    A variety of things is a number of different kinds or examples of the same thing.
        West Hampstead has a variety of good shops and supermarkets.
        The island offers such a wide variety of scenery and wildlife.
        People change their mind for a variety of reasons.
    N-SING: usu N of n  
    = range  
    3    variety   varieties  
    A variety of something is a type of it.
        I'm always pleased to try out a new variety.
        She has 12 varieties of old-fashioned roses.
    N-COUNT: oft N of n  
    = kind  
    4    variety  
    Variety is a type of entertainment which includes many different kinds of acts in the same show.
        ...a variety show of music, comedy, and magic.
    N-UNCOUNT: usu N n  
    = vaudeville  
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

gradually          
        gradually  
    If something changes or is done gradually, it changes or is done in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly.
        Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were gradually being restored yesterday.
        Gradually we learned to cope.
    ADV-GRADED: ADV with v  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

wealth          
    1    wealth  
    Wealth is the possession of a large amount of money, property, or other valuable things. You can also refer to a particular person's money or property as their wealth.
        Economic reform has brought relative wealth to peasant farmers.
        His own wealth grew.
    N-UNCOUNT  
    = affluence  
    2    wealth  
    If you say that someone or something has a wealth of good qualities or things, you are emphasizing that they have a very large number or amount of them. (FORMAL)
        ...such a wealth of creative expertise...
        The city boasts a wealth of beautiful churches.
    N-SING: a N of n  emphasis  
    = abundance  
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

distribute          
    1    distribute   distributes   distributing   distributed  
    If you distribute things, you hand them or deliver them to a number of people.
        Students shouted slogans and distributed leaflets.
        Thousands of soldiers are working to distribute food and blankets to the refugees.
        In the move most of the furniture was left to the neighbours or distributed among friends.
    VB  
    
    2    distribute   distributes   distributing   distributed  
    When a company distributes goods, it supplies them to the shops or businesses that sell them.
        We didn't understand how difficult it was to distribute a national paper.
    VB  
    
    3    distribute   distributes   distributing   distributed  
    If you distribute things among the members of a group, you share them among those members.
        Immediately after his election he began to distribute major offices among his friends and supporters.
    VB  
    
    4    distribute   distributes   distributing   distributed  
    To distribute a substance over something means to scatter it over it. (FORMAL)
        Distribute the topping evenly over the fruit.
    VB  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

prepared          
    1    prepared  
    If you are prepared to do something, you are willing to do it if necessary.
        Are you prepared to take industrial action?.
        Members of the KGB service were only prepared to take orders from the President.
    ADJ: v-link ADJ to-inf  
    = willing  
    2    prepared  
    If you are prepared for something that you think is going to happen, you are ready for it.
        Police are prepared for large numbers of demonstrators.
        I'm well prepared for a 12-round fight.
    ADJ: v-link ADJ for n  
    * unprepared  
    3    prepared  
    You can describe something as prepared when it has been done or made beforehand, so that it is ready when it is needed.
        He ended his prepared statement by thanking the police.
    ADJ: ADJ n  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

square          
    1    square   squares  
    A square is a shape with four sides that are all the same length and four corners that are all right angles.
        Serve the cake warm or at room temperature, cut in squares.
        There was a calendar on the wall, with large squares around the dates.
        Most of the rugs are simple cotton squares.
    N-COUNT  
    
    2    square   squares  
    In a town or city, a square is a flat open place, often in the shape of a square.
        The house is located in one of Pimlico's prettiest garden squares.
        The town centre is thick with churches and cafe-lined squares.
        ...St Mark's Square.
    N-COUNT: oft in names after n  
    
    3    square  
    Something that is square has a shape the same as a square or similar to a square.
        Round tables seat more people in the same space as a square table.
        His finger nails were square and cut neatly across.
    ADJ-GRADED: usu ADJ n  
    
    4    square  
    Square is used before units of length when referring to the area of something. For example, if something is three metres long and two metres wide, its area is six square metres.
        Canary Wharf was set to provide 10 million square feet of office space.
        The Philippines has just 6,000 square kilometres of forest left.
    ADJ: ADJ n  
    
    5    square  
    Square is used after units of length when you are giving the length of each side of something that is square in shape.
        ...a linen cushion cover, 45 cm square.
        ...two pieces of wood 4 inches square.
    ADJ: amount ADJ  
    
    6    square   squares   squaring   squared  
    To square a number means to multiply it by itself. For example, 3 squared is 3 x 3, or 9. 3 squared is usually written as 3
        Take the time in seconds, square it, and multiply by 5.12.
        A squared plus B squared equals C squared.
    VB  
    
    7    square   squares  
    The square of a number is the number produced when you multiply that number by itself. For example, the square of 3 is 9.
        ...the square of the speed of light, an exceedingly large number.
    N-COUNT: usu with poss  
    
    8    square   squares   squaring   squared  
    If you square two different ideas or actions with each other or if they square with each other, they fit or match each other.
        That explanation squares with the facts, doesn't it.
        He set out to square his dreams with reality.
    V-ERG  
    
    9    square   squares   squaring   squared  
    If you square something with someone, you ask their permission or check with them that what you are doing is acceptable to them.
        I squared it with Dan, who said it was all right so long as I was back next Monday morning.
        She should have squared things with Jay before she went into this business with Walker.
    VB  
    
    10    square  
    If you say that someone squares the circle, you mean that they bring together two things which are normally thought to be so different that they cannot exist together.
        He has squared the circle of keeping the City happy and doing something to improve business cash flow.
        `Nirvana' squared the circle by making a record that was both superb pop and rock music at the same time.
    PHR: V inflects  
    
    11    square  
    If you are back to square one, you have to start dealing with something from the beginning again because the way you were dealing with it has failed.
        If your complaint in not upheld, you may feel you are back to square one.
        We got a phone call from the lawyers and it was back to square one.
    PHR: v-link PHR, PHR after v  
    
    12    square  
    If you describe someone as a square peg in a round hole, you mean that they are completely unsuitable for the job they are doing or the situation they are in.
        Taylor is clearly the wrong man for the jobma square peg in a round hole.
    PHR  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

prevent          
    1    prevent   prevents   preventing   prevented  
    To prevent something means to ensure that it does not happen.
        These methods prevent pregnancy.
        Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.
        We recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happening.
    VB  
    = stop  
    ?prevention  
        ...the prevention of heart disease.
        ...crime prevention.
    N-UNCOUNT  
    
    2    prevent   prevents   preventing   prevented  
    To prevent someone from doing something means to make it impossible for them to do it.
        He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs.
        Its nationals may be prevented from leaving the country.
        The police have been trying to prevent them carrying weapons.
    VB  
    = stop  
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

measure          
    1    measure   measures   measuring   measured  
    If you measure the quality, value, or effect of something, you discover or judge how great it is.
        I continued to measure his progress against the charts in the doctor's office.
        A grammar school's success was measured in terms of the number of pupils who got into university.
        It was difficult to measure the precise impact of the labor action.
    VB  
    = assess  
    2    measure   measures   measuring   measured  
    If you measure a quantity that can be expressed in numbers, such as the length of something, you discover it using a particular instrument or device, for example a ruler.
        Measure the length and width of the gap.
        He measured the speed at which ultrasonic waves travel along the bone.
    VB  
    
    3    measure   measures   measured  
    If something measures a particular length, width, or amount, that is its size or intensity, expressed in numbers.
        The house is more than twenty metres long and measures six metres in width.
        This hand-decorated plate measures 30cm across.
        Their paddock measures 24 metres square.
    VB: no cont  
    = be  
    4    measure  
    A measure of a particular quality, feeling, or activity is a fairly large amount of it. (FORMAL)
        With the exception of Juan, each attained a measure of success.
        The colonies were claiming a larger measure of self-government.
    N-SING: N of n  
    = degree  
    5    measure  
    If you say that one aspect of a situation is a measure of that situation, you mean that it shows that the situation is very serious or has developed to a very great extent.
        It is a measure of their plight that few of them have anywhere to go to.
        That is a measure of how bad things have become at the bank.
    N-SING: N of n/wh  
    
    6    measure   measures  
    When someone, usually a government or other authority, takes measures to do something, they carry out particular actions in order to achieve a particular result. (FORMAL)
        The government warned that police would take tougher measures to contain the trouble.
        He said stern measures would be taken against the killers.
        As a precautionary measure repeat the medication.
    N-COUNT: oft N to-inf, N against n  
    = step  
    7    measure   measures  
    A measure of a strong alcoholic drink such as brandy or whisky is an amount of it in a glass. In pubs and bars, a measure is an official standard amount.
        He poured himself another generous measure of malt.
        ...a pub measure of spirits.
    N-COUNT: usu N of n  
    
    8    measure   measures  
    In music, a measure is one of the several short parts of the same length into which a piece of music is divided. (AM; in BRIT use bar)
    N-COUNT  
    
    9    measure  
    If you say that something has changed or that it has affected you beyond measure, you are emphasizing that it has done this to a great extent.
        Mankind's knowledge of the universe has increased beyond measure.
        She irritated him beyond measure.
    PHR: PHR after v  emphasis  
    = beyond belief  
    10    measure  
    If you say that something is done for good measure, you mean that it is done in addition to a number of other things.
        I repeated my question for good measure.
        For good measure, a few details of hotels were included.
    PHR: PHR after v, PHR with cl  
    
    11    measure  
    If you get or take the measure of someone or something, you discover what they are like, so that you are able to control them or deal with them.  If you have the measure of someone or something, you have succeeded in doing this.
        The governments of the industrialized world had failed to get the measure of the crisis.
        Has he taken the measure of us and concluded that we're not willing to risk a life?.
        Lili was the only person I knew who had the measure of her brother.
    PHR: V inflects, PHR n  
    
    12    measure  
    If something is true in some measure or in large measure, it is partly or mostly true. (FORMAL)
        Power is in some measure an act of will.
        In Britain, we have so far escaped, in large measure, either of these afflictions.
    PHR: PHR with cl  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

design          
    1    design   designs   designing   designed  
    When someone designs a garment, building, machine, or other object, they plan it and make a detailed drawing of it from which it can be built or made.
        They wanted to design a machine that was both attractive and practical.
        ...men wearing specially designed boots.
    VB  
    
    2    design   designs   designing   designed  
    When someone designs a survey, policy, or system, they plan and prepare it, and decide on all the details of it.
        We may be able to design a course to suit your particular needs.
        Computer security systems will be designed by independent technicians.
        A number of very well designed studies have been undertaken.
    VB  
    
    3    design  
    Design is the process and art of planning and making detailed drawings of something.
        He was a born mechanic with a flair for design.
        Most mobile robots are still in the design stage.
        She came to London in 1960 to study fashion design.
    N-UNCOUNT  
    
    4    design  
    The design of something is the way in which it has been planned and made.
        These machines are constantly updated by improving the design of the computers.
        ...a new design of clock...
        The shoes were of good design and good quality.
        BMW is recalling 8,000 cars because of a design fault.
    N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp  
    
    5    design   designs  
    A design is a drawing which someone produces to show how they would like something to be built or made.
        When Bernardello asked them to build him a home, they drew up the design in a week.
    N-COUNT  
    = plan  
    6    design   designs  
    A design is a pattern of lines, flowers, or shapes which is used to decorate something.
        Their range of tableware is decorated with a blackberry design.
        Many pictures have been based on simple geometric designs.
    N-COUNT  
    = motif  
    7    design   designs  
    A design is a general plan or intention that someone has in their mind when they are doing something.
        Is there some design in having him in the middle?.
        The intelligence service conceived a grand design to assassinate the War Minister.
    N-COUNT  
    
    8    design   designed  
    If something is designed for a purpose, it is intended for that purpose.
        This project is designed to help landless people.
        It's not designed for anyone under age eighteen.
    V-PASSIVE  
    = intended  
    9    design  
    If something happens or is done by design, someone does it deliberately, rather than by accident.
        The pair met oftenmat first by chance but later by design.
    PHR  
    = on purpose  
    10    design  
    If someone has designs on something, they want it and are planning to get it, often in a dishonest way.
        His colonel had designs on his wife.
        Greece has always stressed that it had no designs on the territory.
    PHR: V inflects  
    
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.