印地语的汉语压码打字、注音、音译与听说训练

关于代词
How many of these pronouns do you know in Hindi?
如何对这些代词许多在印地文你知道？

I,
we,
you,
he,
she,
they,
this,
that,
these,
those,
someone,
somebody,
anyone,
no one,
anything,
nothing,
everything,
who,
what,
whom,
and
one's self.
What,
When,
where,
Why,
How
什么问题，何时，何地，为何，如何
我，我们，你，他，她，他们，这个，那个，这些，那些，有人，有人，任何人，任何人，任何事情，没有什么，一切，谁，什么，谁，一个人的自我。
  
Can you use them in sentences?
你能使用的句子呢？

Are there any other pronouns that you can think of?
是否还有其他代词，你能想到什么？

Come leave it as a comment on this episode.
留下来作为对这次事件评论它。
– मैं

You (formal) -  आप

You (informal) – तुम

You (familiar) -तू

We – हम

He/She/It/This – यह

These – ये

He/She/It/That -  वह

Those – वे

Use of All, None, Some, Most, Many, Several, Few, a Few, a lot of, etc

Examples:
English
Hindi
Transliteration

All (of) the people are here.
सभी लोग यहाँ हैं।
Sabhi log yahan hai

Not all (of) the people are here.
यहाँ सब लोग नहीं हैं।
Yahan sab log nahin hai

All (of) the people are not here
सभी लोग यहाँ नहीं हैं।
sabhi log yahan nahin hai

None of the people are here.
कोई भी लोग यहाँ नहीं है।
Koyi bhi log yahan nahin hai

Not any of the people are here.
लोगों में से कोई भी यहाँ नहीं है।
Logom mein se koyi bhi yahan nahin hai

Some (of the) people are here.
कुछ लोग यहाँ हैं।
Kuch log yahan hai

Some (of the) people are not here.
कुछ लोग यहाँ नहीं हैं।
Kuch log yahan nahin hai

Most of the people are here.
अधिकांश लोग यहाँ हैं।
Adhikansh log yahan hai

Most of the people are not here.
अधिकांश लोग यहाँ नहीं हैं।
Adhikansh log yahan nahin hai

Many (of the) people are here.
कई लोग यहाँ हैं।
Kayi log yahan hai

Many (of the) people are not here.
कई लोग यहाँ नहीं हैं।
Kayi log yahan nahin hai

Not many (of the) people are here.
लोगों में से कई लोग यहाँ नहीं है।
Logom mein se kayi log yahan nahin hai

Several (of the) people are here.
अनेक लोग यहाँ हैं।
Anek log yahan hai

A few (of the) people are here.
कुछ लोग यहाँ हैं।
Kuch log yahan hai

Few (of the) people are here.
कुछ ही लोग यहाँ हैं।
Kuch  hi log yahan hai

A lot of (the) people are here.
बहुत से लोग यहाँ है।
Bahut se log yahan hai

A lot of (the) people are not here.
बहुत से लोग यहाँ नहीं हैं।
Bahut se log yahan nahin hai

Half of the people are here.
लोगों की आधी यहाँ हैं।

आधे लोग यहाँ है।
Logom ki aadhi yahan hai

Aadhe log yahan hai

Half of the people are not here.
आधे लोग यहाँ नहीं है।
Aadhe log yahan nahin hai

Both (of the) people are here.
दोनों लोग यहाँ हैं।
Donon log yahan hai



Quiz:

Translate

1)   All the people are here.

2)   Many people are here.

3)   Few people are here.

4)   None of the people are here.

5)   Few people are not here.

http://www.ispeakhindi.com/paid-subscriber-area/january-2010/

getting to Know
पता करने के लिए हो रही
Patā karanē kē li'ē hō rahī

Words that we learn today: (vyapar  (adhyapika ); (chatravaas) (pasandeeda shouk);   (chitrakari);   (rekhachitran);  (bhitichitr); (bhitichitr); (shaadishuda)

English  
  Hindi    
Transliteration

What do you do?
आप क्या करते हैं?
Āpa kyā karatē haiṁ?
(spoken to a man (एक आदमी से बात की)   Aap kya karte hain  
(spoken to a woman (एक महिलाओं के लिए बोली)  Aap kya kartii hain

I do business.  
(Spoken by a man)
(Spoken by a woman)
Main vyapar karta hoon
Main vyapar kartii hoon

I am a teacher.
मैं एक टीचर हूँ.
Maiṁ ēka ṭīcara hūm̐.
(spoken by a man)
(spoken by a woman)
Main ek adhyapak hoon
Main ek adhyapika hoon

I am studying.
मैं पढ़ रही हूँ.
Maiṁ paṛha rahī hūm̐.
（spoken by a man)
(spoken by a woman)
Main padh raha hoon
Main padh rahii hoon

Where do you live?  
आप कहां रहते हैं?
Āpa kahāṁ rahatē haiṁ?
(spoken to a man)
  (spoken to a woman)
Aap kahan rahte hain
Aap kahan rahtii hain

I stay in a hostel.
 मैं एक छात्रावास में रहते हैं.
 Maiṁ ēka chātrāvāsa mēṁ rahatē haiṁ.
(spoken by a man)
Main ek chatravaas mein rahta hoon

I stay in an apartment.
मैं एक अपार्टमेंट में रहते हैं.
Maiṁ ēka apārṭamēṇṭa mēṁ rahatē haiṁ
(spoken by a woman)
Main ek apartment mein rahti hoon

I live in Cochin.
मैं कोचीन में रहते हैं.
Maiṁ kōcīna mēṁ rahatē haiṁ.
(spoken by a woman)
Main cochin mein rahti hoon

What are your favorite hobbies?
अपने पसंदीदा शौक क्या हैं?
Apanē pasandīdā śauka kyā haiṁ?
Aapke pasandeeda shawq kya hai

My favourite hobby is painting.
,मेरा पसंदीदा शौक चित्र है.
Mērā pasandīdā śauka citra hai.
Mera pasandeeda shawq chitrakari hai

My hobbies are drawing,painting, & mural making.
मेरा शौक ड्राइंग, पेंटिंग कर रहे हैं, और भित्ति बना रही है.
Mērā śauka ḍrā'iṅga, pēṇṭiṅga kara rahē haiṁ, aura bhitti banā rahī hai.
Mera shawq rekhachitran, chitrakari aur bhitichitr banana hai

Are you married?
क्या आप शादीशुदा हैं?
Kyā āpa śādīśudā haiṁ?
Kya aap shaadishuda haim

Yes, I’m married.
हाँ, मैं शादीशुदा हूँ.
Hām̐, maiṁ śādīśudā hūm̐.
Ha, main shaadishuda hoon

No, I’m not
नहीं ，मैं नहीं, हूँ,
Nahīṁ,maiṁ nahīṁ, hūm̐,
Nahin, main nahin hoon

How long have you beenmarried?
तुम कब तक beenmarried है?
Tuma kaba taka beenmarried hai?
(Literally: How long time…?) कब तक समय Kaba taka samaya
Aapko shaadishuda huye kitane samay huye haim

We are married since 32 years.
हम 32 साल के बाद शादी कर रहे हैं.
Hama 32 sāla kē bāda śādī kara rahē haiṁ.
(Literally: We are married with/ from/ since…)(शाब्दिक: हम / के बाद से / के साथ शादी कर रहे हैं ...)(Śābdika: Hama/ kē bāda sē/ kē sātha śādī kara rahē haiṁ...)
Hum batees saal se shaadi shuda haim

I am married since 10 years.
मैं 10 साल के बाद से शादी कर रहा हूँ.
Maiṁ 10 sāla kē bāda sē śādī kara rahā hūm̐.
(Literally: I am married with/ from/ since…)(शाब्दिक: मैं / के बाद से / के साथ शादी कर रहा हूँ ...)(Śābdika: Maiṁ/ kē bāda sē/ kē sātha śādī kara rahā hūm̐ ...)
Main dus saal se shaadi shuda hoon

What is the meaning of :क्या अर्थ है:
•  महिला शिक्षक(adhyapika) female teacher Mahilā śikṣaka
•  (chitrakari) painting
• (vyapar) business
•   (shouk) hobby
•  (shaadishuda) - married

vehicles

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Airplane/Aero plane
hawai jahaj

Bicycle
cycle

Motorcycle/motorbike
(f) motor cycle


Boat
naav/nauka

Ship
(m) jahaj

Yacht, Barge
(f) nauka

Houseboat
(m) nauka ghar

Bus
bus

Car
(f) car/gaadi

Jeep
(f) jeep

Truck
(m) truck

Lorry
(f) larry

Scooter
(m) scooter

Tractor (Farm)
(m) tractor

Train
(f) relgaadi

Tram
(f) tram

Van

Boxcar (Br.: goods
train)
(f)maalgaadi

Rickshaw
(m) rickshaw

Autorickshaw
(m) autorickshaw

Rocket
prakshepatr/racket

Handcart
Cart, wagon (Br.: waggon)
(m) ttela

Bullock cart
chakada

Chariot
(m) rath

Ambulance /
(f) aspataal gaadi

Submarine
(f) pandubbi

Spacecraft /
(m) anthareekshyaan

Helicopter, Chopper
(m) helicopter

Crane
(f) crane

Have you eaten your dinner?
क्या तुमने अपना खाना खाया है?
Kyā tumanē apanā khānā khāyā hai?
(kyaa aapne raat kaa khaanaa khaayaa hai)

informal:
(kyaa tumne raat kaa khaanaa khaayaa hai)
Where are you?
formal:
(aap kahaan hain)
informal:

Where are you?
तुम कहाँ हो?
Tuma kahām̐ hō?
formal:
(aap kahaan hain)
informal:
(tum kahaan ho)


How was the interview?
कैसे साक्षात्कार था?
Kaisē sākṣātkāra thā?
(interview kaisaa thaa)

English Infinitive Command Request to eat
अंग्रेज़ी क्रिया के साधारण कमान अनुरोध खाने के लिए
Aṅgrēzī kriyā kē sādhāraṇa kamāna anurōdha khānē kē li'ē
खाना
Khānā
(khaaO)
(khaiye)

to sleep
सोने  Sōnē  
(sonaa)
(soO)
(soiye)

to drink
पीना
पेय
Pīnā
Pēya
(piiyo)
(piijiye)

The command “sleep” is not so common. Instead, it should be “go sleep”, (so jaao).
कमांड "सो" इतना आम नहीं है. इसके बजाय, यह हो "सो जाओ" चाहिए,
Kamāṇḍa"sō" itanā āma nahīṁ hai. Isakē bajāya, yaha hō"sō jā'ō" cāhi'ē
सो जाओ
Sō jā'ō

Good night
शुभ रात्रि
Śubha rātri
(shubh raatri)

household appliances_sent

Household Appliances  (grihasthi ki samagri):

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Where is the broom?
झाड़ू कहां है?
Jhāṛū kahāṁ hai?
Jhaadoo kahan hai

  I use a water filter for purifying the water I drink.
मैं एक पानी मैं पीने के लिए शुद्ध पानी फिल्टर का उपयोग करें.
Maiṁ ēka pānī maiṁ pīnē kē li'ē śud'dha pānī philṭara kā upayōga karēṁ.
Main peene ka paani shudh karne ke liye ek jal chalni ka upayog karti hoon

Do you need a torch?
क्या आप एक मशाल की जरूरत है?
Kyā āpa ēka maśāla kī jarūrata hai?
Kya tumhe ek mashaal chahiye

Don’t forget to switch off the lights when you go out.
करने के लिए बत्ती बंद कर जब तुम बाहर जाना मत भूलना.
Karanē kē li'ē battī banda kara jaba tuma bāhara jānā mata bhūlanā.
Bahar jaate vakth batti bhujana math bhoolna

Ice-cream is in the
आइसक्रीम में है
Ā'isakrīma mēṁ hai
Ice-cream freezer mein hai

''

freezer.
फ्रीजर.
Phrījara

Cooker is on the stove.
कुकर चूल्हे पर है ..
Kukara cūl'hē para hai..
Cooker chulhe par hai

Is your washing machine fully automatic?
अपने कपड़े धोने की मशीन पूरी तरह से स्वचालित है?
Apanē kapaṛē dhōnē kī maśīna pūrī taraha sē svacālita hai?
Kya aapka kapade dhone ki machine poori tarah se swachalit hai

I forgot to iron my clothes.
मैं अपने कपड़े इस्तरी भूल गया.
Maiṁ apanē kapaṛē istarī bhūla gayā.
Apne kapade istri karna bhool gaya

My granny has an old water heater.
मेरी दादी एक पुरानी पानी हीटर है.
Mērī dādī ēka purānī pānī hīṭara hai.
Meri dadi ke pass ek purani

How often you vacuum clean the rooms?
कितनी बार आप कमरे को साफ निर्वात?
Kitanī bāra āpa kamarē kō sāpha nirvāta?
Kitani baar aap kamara vacuum saf karti hai jaltaapak hai

Do you have a small vacuum cleaner?
क्या तुम एक छोटी वैक्यूम क्लीनर है?
Kyā tuma ēka chōṭī vaikyūma klīnara hai?
aapke pass ek choti vacuum


Test your Understanding:
1. Translate “I bought a new torch”.
a.(main ek naya jaltaapak khareeda)
b.(main ek naya mashaal khareeda)
c. (main ek naya jhadoo khareeda)
d.(main ek naya pankha khareeda)
cleaner hai

3 Of course, only in high Brahmin circles will you hear the latter pronounced. And, if its sherbet you have, it’s
4  is from the Dravidian culli, meaning hearth, thus stove; naturally is from the English and denotes stand-up cooking. And, of course,here are now both  to think about.
5 Literal translation used by better etymologists everywhere.
2. What is a Washing Machine called?
a. Bartan dhone ki machine
b. Kapade dhone ki machine
c. Nayi machine
d. Purani machine
3. What is a “
(jhadoo)”?
a. Mop
b. Broom
c. Iron
d. Light

Household Appliances -  (ghasthi ki samagri):

English\
Hindi
Transliteration

Can you switch on the fan?  
आप कर सकते हैं प्रशंसक पर स्विच?
Āpa kara sakatē haiṁ praśansaka para svica?
calā sak’tē ho?

A fan is a must in the hot  summer months.
एक प्रशंसक है एक गर्म गर्मी के महीनों में करना चाहिए.
Ēka praśansaka hai ēka garma garmī kē mahīnōṁ mēṁ karanā cāhi'ē.
garmiyoᶬ kē mahīnoᶬ mēᶬ ēkpaᶬkhā bahut  zarūrī hai

The fan is broken.
प्रशंसक टूट गया है.
Praśansaka ṭūṭa gayā hai.
paᶬkhā ṭūṭā hai

A mechanical fan is an electrically powered device.  
एक यांत्रिक प्रशंसक एक विद्युत चालित उपकरण है.
Ēka yāntrika praśansaka ēka vidyuta cālita upakaraṇa hai.
yāᶬtrik paᶬkhā ēk vidyut cālit upakar’ṇ hai

Electric fans have been largely replaced by air conditioners in offices.
बिजली के पंखे काफी हद तक किया गया है कार्यालयों में एयर कंडीशनरों की जगह
Bijalī kē paṅkhē kāphī hada taka kiyā gayā hai kāryālayōṁ mēṁ ēyara kaṇḍīśanarōṁ kī jagaha
zyādātar kāryālayoᶬ mēᶬ bij’lī kē paᶬkhoᶬ kī jagah vātānukūlakoᶬnē lē lī hai

We purchased a newtelevision set.
 हम एक नया टीवी सेट खरीदा.
Hama ēka nayā ṭīvī sēṭa kharīdā.
ham’nē ēka nayā dūr’darśan k̲h̲arīdā

He telephoned his friend
वह अपने दोस्त को फोन
Vaha apanē dōsta kō phōna
us’nē ap’nē dost

Our telephone is red.      
हमारे टेलीफोन लाल है.
Hamārē ṭēlīphōna lāla hai.
hamārā dūr’bhāṣ (ṭēlifon) lāl hai
ko fon kiyā

Is the radio (wireless)yours?  
रेडियो तुम्हारा (वायरलेस) है?
Rēḍiyō tumhārā (vāyaralēsa) hai?
rēḍiyo (bētār kā tār) tumhārā hai?\

Do you have a ladder?
क्या आप एक सीढ़ी है?
Kyā āpa ēka sīṛhī hai?
āp’kē pāsa sīr̥hī hai?

Jessica cooks in a noven
एक ओवन में जेसिका रसोइयों
Ēka ōvana mēṁ jēsikā rasō'iyōṁ
jēsikā cūlhē mēᶬ pakātī hai

The dishwasher is expensive.
डिश वॉशर महंगा है.
Ḍiśa vŏśara mahaṅgā hai.
bartan dhonē kī maśīn mahaᶬgā hai

Do you know how to use the sewing machine?
क्या आप सिलाई मशीन का उपयोग कैसे जानते हो?
Kyā āpa silā'ī maśīna kā upayōga kaisē jānatē hō?
kyā āp silāī maśīn kā upayog kar’nā jān’tā hai?

LG[1] grinders andmixers are powerful.
एलजी [1] grinders andmixers शक्तिशाली हैं.
Ēlajī [1] grinders andmixers śaktiśālī haiṁ.
ēljī kē cakkiyām͒ aur miksar śaktiśālī haiᶬ .

I don’t like mopping.
मैं mopping पसंद नहीं है.
Maiṁ mopping pasanda nahīṁ hai.
mujhē pucārā phēr’nā/ pucār’nā/ jhār̥’nā/ poᶬch’nā poᶬchā kar’nā pasaᶬd nahīᶬ hai .

We need to buy a new mop.
हम खरीदने के लिए एक नए चेहरे की विकृति की जरूरत है.
Hama kharīdanē kē li'ē ēka na'ē cēharē kī vikr̥ti kī jarūrata hai.
hamēᶬ ēka nayā pucārā k̲h̲arīdanā hai .

Household Articles -  (grihasthi ki vastuyem):

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Handmade rugs do not lose their value.
Hastnirmit galeechon ka mooly kam nahin hota

Wool rugs are suitable in cold areas.
Uun galiche thande kshetron mein upayukt hai

Coir doormats are ecofriendly.
Coir paaydaan paryavaran ke anukool hai

This doormat is costly17.  
Yah paaydaan mehanga hai \

I haven’t got this year’s calendar.
Mujhe is saal ka calendar nahin mila hai




That is a beautiful calendar.
Vah ek sundar calendar hai

This wardrobe19 is spacious.  
Yah almari vistrut hai

Which type of wardrobe lasts long?
Kis prakar ke almari lambe samay tak rahta hai

I gave her a ceramic vase.
Maine use ek mrutika ka guldaan diya

I saw a Chinese carved lacquer vase22 in the museum.
Maine sangrahalay mein ek chini nakkasheedar lah phooldaan dekha

Conversation Questions - Friends:
Household Articles  (grihasthi ki vastuyem):

English
Hindi
Transliteration

Handmade rugs do not lose their value.
Hastnirmit galeechon ka mooly kam nahin hota

Wool rugs are suitable in cold areas.
Uun galiche thande kshetron mein upayukt hai

Coir doormats are ecofriendly.
Coir paaydaan paryavaran ke anukool hai

This doormat is costly.
Yah paaydaan mehanga hai

I haven’t got this year’s calendar.
Mujhe is saal ka calendar nahin mila hai

That is a beautiful calendar.
Vah ek sundar calendar hai

This wardrobe is spacious.
Yah almari vistrut hai

Which type of wardrobe lasts long?
Kis prakar ke almari lambe samay tak rahta hai

I gave her a ceramic vase.
Maine use ek mrutika ka guldaan diya

I saw a Chinese carved lacquer vase in the museum.
Maine sangrahalay mein ek chini nakkasheedar lah phooldaan dekha


Test your understanding:
• What is
• Vase
• Mat
• Wardrobe