自学印地语5：你想什么？

WHAT'S AVAILABLE

सस्ते खाना samose m. pI. Samosas
समोसे खाना .
sasm khana m. cheap food
डाक टिकते
dak fikate f. pI. Stamps
ताज़ा पगल
taza phal m. fresh fruit

अच्छा खाना .
accha khana m. good food
सिगरी
sigret m. pI. Cigarette
सुन्दर कपडे .
sundar kapre m. pI. lovely clothes
अच्छे कम .
acche kamre m. pI. good rooms

WHERE TO FIND rr/THEM

डाक घर .
dak ghar m. post office
मेरा कमरा
mera kamra m. my room
छोटी दुकान.
choti dukan f. small shop
यह होटल .
yaha here

ढाबा .
dhaba m. roadside café
भबा .
bharat m. India
यह होटल .
yah hotaal m. this hote  Vrestaurant
वह दुकान.
vah dukan f. that shop

The general and the particular

Look closely at these two sentences:
banamsi sariya bahut acchi hoti halo बनारसी सदीया बहुत अच्छी होती हैं .
Banarasi saris are very good.
ये सदियाँ बहुत अच्छी हैं .
ye sadiyan bahut acchi hain. These saris are very good.

The participle
होता hom (from होना  hona 'to be')
is used in a statement that relates to a whole class of things: it's a general statement. Thus the first sentence above is about all saris from Banaras (a centre of fine sari making), while the second one is a specific one about a particular selection of saris.

4 Revisionl

By now you should be reasonably confident in making basic sentences, using the verb 'to be'
(है hai etc.)
and the habitual tense of other verbs
(मैं हिंदी बोलता हूँ  main hindi bolm hun).
The distinction between
आप aap  
and तुम tum
should be second nature, especially in making requests, and you should be able to make words agree with their subjects in number, gender and case.

You can locate things using postpositions like
में me
and पर  par,
and should always remember that nouns and pronouns that 'carry' postpositions must be in the oblique
(कमरे में  kamre men,
उस पर  us par).
You should be able to express 'need' using
चाहिए  chahie,
and मिलना  milna
as 'to get' should be familiar too.

You know that many constructions follow the format of 'X is pleasing to me' ('mujhko constructions') rather than 'I like X'. Look back now at anything you're unsure of.

Some hints on learning

Listen to the recording until its dialogues and phrases are coming out of your ears! Try to catch the music of the language.
• Read aloud; and when reading longish sentences, break them up into smaller units, repeating each part until you're familiar with both its meaning and its construction.