多语言常用语（目前及今后辅导每日必看内容）

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老百姓(445485034) 23:35:34
इ is pronounced as in:
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老百姓(445485034) 23:35:49
Tamarind इमल imli
A wind musical instrument इकतारा iktara
This इस is
Use इ/तेमाल istemaal
Here इधर idhar
Wish इ&छा ichcha
Stock/assemble इकrा ikattha
Protest इकरार ikraar
Refuse/decline इनकार inkaar
etcetra/etc इयाद ityaadi
Since/because इस4लए isliye
Hereby इस कारण से is karan se
Indra (a name) इंsनील indra
Rainbow इंsधनुष indradhanush
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老百姓(445485034) 23:36:10
Heel एड़ी edi
Egg अंडा anda
A drum डमl damroo
Boy लड़का ladka
Girl लड़क ladki
Fear डर dar
Fly उड़ ud
Stiffness अकड़ akad
Path/track/course डगर dagar
To falter/ to stagger डगमगाना dagmagaana
To stand firm डटना datna
Horse गोडा goda
Run दौड़ daud
Tree पेड़ ped
Join जुड़ना/जोड़ना judna/jodna
Scholar पंbडत pandit
Bangle चूड़ी chudi
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老百姓(445485034) 23:37:05
Who - Questions
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老百姓(445485034) 23:37:18
Who? कौन Kaun
Who came? कौन आया? Kaun aayaa?
Who is this? यह कौन है? Yeh kaun hai?
Who is that? वह कौन है? Vah kaun hai?
Who will do this work? यह काम कौन करेगा? Yah kaam kaun karegaa?
Who will come with me? मेरे साथ कौन आएगा? Mere saath kaun aaega?
Who are you?
आप कौन है?
तुम कौन हो?
Ap kaun hai?
Tum kaun ho?
Who should go? Dकसको जाना चाहए? Kisko jaanaa caahiye?
Who discovered
America?
अमे:रका क खोज Dकसने Dकया? America ki khoj kisne kiya?
Who is in your family? आपके प:रवार म कौन- कौन है? Aapke parivaar mein kaun-kaun hai?
Who likes to drink
coffee?
कॉफ पीना Dकसको पसंद है? Kafi peena kisko pasand hai?
Who came to the party
alone?
अकेले पाटx म कौन आया था? Akele party mein kaun aaya tha?
Who is your brother? आपके भाई कौन है? Aapke bhai kaun hai?
Who is sitting behind
you?
तुgहारे पीछे कौन बैठा है? Tumhare peechche kaun baitha hai?
Who helps Helen at
home?
घर पे हेलेन क मदद कौन करता
है?
Ghar pe Helen ki madad kaun karta hai?
Who do you want to see? आप Dकसे देखना चाहते हW? Aap kisse dekhna chahte haim?
Who cooks dinner every
day?
रोज़ रात का खाना कौन बनाता है
?
Roz raat ka khaana kaun banata hai ?
Who can go shopping? खरदार के 4लए कौन जा सकते
हW?
Khareedari ke liye kaun jaa sakte haim?
Who are you talking to? आप Dकससे बात कर रहे हW? Aap kisse baat kar rahe haim?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:37:37
Who will show us the
way?
हम रा/ता कौन दखाएगा? Hamem raasta kaun dikhayega?
Who do you go to the
party with?
कौन है िजसके साथ तुम दावत म
जा रह हो?
Kaun hai jiske saath tum daavat mein
jaa rahi ho?
Who do you play with at
school?
कौन है जो तुम /कूल म साथ म
खेलतेहो?
Kaun hai jo tum school mein saath
mein khelte ho?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:38:30
Where - Questions
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老百姓(445485034) 23:38:41
Where? कहाँ? Kahan
Where is it? वह कहाँ है? Vah kahan hai
Where is Alex? आले6स कहाँ है? Alex kahan hai
Where is your home? तुgहारा घर कहाँ है? Tumhara ghar kahan hai
Where are you from? तुम कहाँ से हो?
आप कहाँ से हW?
Tum kahan se ho
Aap kahan se haim
Where do you come from? तुम कहाँ से आए हो? Tum kahan se aaye ho
Where is your Hindi book? आपके हद पु/तक कहाँ
है?
Aapke Hindi pustak kahan hai
Where were you? तुम कहाँ थे? Tum kahan the
Where were you born? तुम कहाँ पैदा हुए थे? Tum kahan paida huye the
Where are you going? तुम कहाँ जा रहे हो? Tum kahan jaa rahe ho
Where is the shopping centre? बाज़ार कहाँ है? Bazaar kahan hai
Where is the theatre? नाचघर/ रंगशाला कहाँ है? Naachghar/rangashala kahan hai?
Where is the information centre? सूचना कs कहाँ है? Soochana kendra kahan hai
Where is the castle? दुग= कहाँ है? Durg kahan hai
Where is the post office? डाकघर कहाँ है? Daakghar kahan hai
Where is the police station? पु4लस चौक/ थाना कहाँ
है?
Pulise chauki/thaana kahan hai
Where is the nearest bank? सबसे पास बWक कहाँ है Sabse pass bank kahan hai
Where can you borrow a book? Dकताब कहाँ उधार ले
सकता हूँ?
Kitaab kahan udhar le sakta hoon
Where did you go on your last
vacation?
तुम अपने @पछले छुyी पर
कहाँ गए?
Tum apne pichale chitti par kahan
gaye
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老百姓(445485034) 23:38:56
Where is Rolan from? ऱोलन कहाँ से है? Rolan kahan se hai
Where are Howie, Irving, Steven,
and David from?
हवी, इर@वंग, /टवन, और
दवीड कहाँ सेहW
Howie, Irving, Steven, aur David
kahan se haim
Where can I park? मW कहां पाक= कर सकता
हूँ?
Main kahan park kar sakta hoon
Where can I get a taxi? मुझे टै6सी कहां 4मलेगी? Mujhe taxi kahan milegi
Where is the bus stop? बस /टॉप कहाँ है? Bus stop kahan hai
Where do you see yourself in five
years?
आप पांच वष= म खुद को
कहाँ देखते हW?
Aap paanch varsh mein khud ko kahan
dekhte haim
Where should you begin? तुgहेकहाँ से शुl करना
चाहए?
Tumhe kahan se shuru karna chahiye
Test:
How will you ask the following questions in Hindi?
1. Where is Mary?
2. Where is he going?
3. Where is the School?
4. Where can I buy some books?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:39:39
Conversations with Children on Family & School:

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老百姓(445485034) 23:39:51
What is your name? आपका नाम या है? Tumhara naam kya hai
My name is Neeval मेरा नाम नीवेल है Mera naam neeval hai
My name is Rohan. मेरा नाम रोहन है Mera naam rohan hai
My name is Trisha. मेरा नाम Z>शा है Mera naam trisha hai
How old are you? तुम &कतने साल क हो? Tum kitane saal ki ho
I am 11 years old. मW Eयारह साल क हूँ Main gyarah saal ki hoon
I am 5 years old. मW पाच साल का हूँ Main paach saal ka hoon
I am 8 years old. मW आठ साल क हूँ Main aath saal ki hoon
Do you go to school? तुम /कूल जाते हो? Tum school jaate ho
Yes, I go to school. हाँ, मW /कूल जाती/जाता हूँ Ha, main school jaati/jaata hoon
In which class do you study? तुम कौनसे क5ा म पड़ते हो? Tum konse kaksha mein padte ho?
I study in 6th standard. मW छटवी क?ा म पढ़ती हूँ Main chatvee kaksha meinpadti hoon
I study in Upper Kinder Garden
(U.K.G.)
मW यू.के.जी. म पढ़ता हूँ Main U.K.G. mein padta hoon
I study in 3rd standard. मW तीसर क?ा म पढ़ती हूँ Main teesre kaksha mein padti hoon
What is the name of your
school?
तु"हारे /कूल का नाम या है? Tumhare school ka naam kya hai?
My school’s name is Choice
School.
मेरे /कूल का नाम चा}स /कूल
है
Mere school ka naam Choice School
hai
My school’s name is Naval
Kindergarden.
मेरे /कूल का नाम नेवल
Dकडरगड~न है
Mere school ka naam Naval
Kindergarden hai
My school’s name is Choice
School.
मेरे /कूल का नाम चा}स /कूल
है
Mere school ka naam Choice School
hai
Where do you stay? तुम कहाँ रहते हो Tum kahan rahte ho
I stay in Vytilla. मW वय टeला म रहती हूँ Main Vytilla mein rahti hoon
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老百姓(445485034) 23:40:09
I stay in Thevara. मW तेवरा म रहता हूँ Main Thevara mein rahta hoon
I stay in Kaloor. मW कलूर म रहती हूँ Main Kaloor mein rahti hoon
Who all are there in your
house?
तु"हारे घर म कौन-कौन है Tumhare ghar mein kaun-kaun hai
My father, mother and my two
sisters lives in my house.
मेरे घर म मेरे @पताजी, माताजी
और मेरे दो बहनरहती है
Mere ghar mein mere pitaji, mataji
aur mere do bahinem rahti hai
My mother, father, and myself
stays in my house.
मेरे घर म मेरे माताजी @पताजी,
और मW रहतेहै
Mere ghar mein mere mataji pitaji,
aur main rahte hai
My father, mother and a brother
stays in my house.
मेरे घर म मेरे @पताजी, माताजी
और एक भाई रहतेहै
Mere ghar mein mere pitaji, mataji
aur ek bhai rahte hai
How do you go to school? तुम /कूल कैसे जाते हो Tum school kaise jaate ho
I go to school by bus. मW /कूल बस से जाती हूँ Main school bus se jaati hoon
I go to school by van. मW /कूल वान से जाता हूँ Main school van se jaata hoon
I go to school by bus. मW /कूल बस से जाती हूँ Main school bus se jaati hoon
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老百姓(445485034) 23:42:10
Conversation about – Children

How many children do you
have?
आपके Dकतने ब&चे है? Aapke kitane bachche hai?
I have three children. मेरे तीन ब&चे हW Mere teen bachche hai
I do not have any children. मेरा कोई ब&चा नहं है Mera koi bachcha nahin hai
I have only one child. मुझे4सफ= एक ब&चा है Mujhe sirf ek bachcha hai
What are their names and
ages?
उनके नाम और उ† 6या
हW?
Unke naam aur umr kya haim
My son’s name is Rohan and
he’s 5 years old.
मेरे बेटे का नाम रोहन है
और वह पाँच साल का है
Mere bete ka naam Rohan hai aur vah
paanch saal ka hai
My daughter Jessy is 20
years old.
मेर बेट जेसी बीस साल
क है
Meri beti Jessy bees saal ki hai
My children are Geetu,
Sapna and Rahul. They are
11, 9 and 6 years
respectively.
मेरे ब&चे गीतू, सपना और
राहुल है| वे Xमशः Eयारह,नौ
और छः साल के हW||
Mere bachche Geetu, Sapna aur Rahul hai .
Ve kramshaha gyarah,nau aur chah saal ke
haim.
How old are your children? आपके ब&चे Dकतने साल
के हW?
Aapke bachche kitane saal ke haim?
My child is 4 years old. मेरा ब&चा चार साल का है Mera bachcha chaar saal ka hai
My child is 8 months old. मेर ब&ची आठ महने क
है
Meri bachchi aath mahine ki hai
Do you enjoy being around
children?
6या आपको ब&च' के साथ
रहने म मज़ा आता है
Kya aapko bachchom ke saath rahne mein
maza aata hai
Yes, I enjoy being around
children.
हाँ,मुझे ब&च' के साथ रहने
म मज़ा आता है
Ha,mujhe bachchom ke saath rahne mein
maza aata hai
No, I do not enjoy being with
kids.
नहं, मुझे ब&च' के साथ
रहने म मज़ा नहं आता है
Nahin, mujhe bachchom ke saath rahne mein
maza nahin aata hai  
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老百姓(445485034) 23:42:23
I like kids very much. मुझे ब&चे बहुत पसंद है Mujhe bachche bahut pasand hai
How many children would
you like to have?
आप Dकतने ब&चे होना
पसंद करगे
Aap kitane bachche hona pasand karenge
Oh! I would like to have
atleast half a dozen.
ओह! मW कम से कम आधा
दज=न चाहूँगी
Oh! main kam se kam aadha darjan
chahoongi
Oh! I do not want any
children.
ओह! मुझे कोई ब&चा नहं
चाहए
Oh! mujhe koi bachcha nahin chahiye
Do you think that children
are different today from the
time when you were child?
6या आपको लगता है Dक
ब&च' आज अलग हW उस
समय से जबआप ब&चे
थे?
Kya aap ko lagta hai ki bachchom aaj alag
hai us samay jab aap bachche the
Yes, Today’s children are
fast learning, intelligent, &
more mature than the
children of our time.
हाँ, आज के ब&चे तेजी से
सीख रहे हW, बु@[मान हैऔर
हमारे समय के ब&च' से
कहं Kयादा प:रप6व है
Ha,aaj ke bachche tezi se seekh rahe hai,
budhimaan hai aur hamare samay ke
bachchom se kahin zyada paripakv hai
What is most amazing thing
about children?
ब&च' के बारे मसबसे
चƒकानेवाल बात 6या है?
Bachchom ke bare mein sabse chaukaane
wali baat kya hai
My children....Their deeds,
words, love, mischief...
मेरे ब&चे.... उनके काम',
शद', Sयार, म/ती...
Mere bachche.... unke
kaamon,shabdom,pyar,masti...
What is most annoying thing
about children?
ब&च' के बारे मसबसे
क_टCद बात 6या है?
Bachchom ke bare mein sabse kashtaprad
baat kya hai
Their crying, their tantrums... उनक aलाई, उनके नखरे.. Unki rulayi, unke nakhare..
Do you think that children
are naturally good?
6याआपको लगता है Dक
ब&चे /वाभा@वक lप से
अ&छे हW?
Kya aapko lagta hai ki bachche swabhavik
roop se achche haim
Yes, Children are the
epitome of love.
हाँ, ब&चे Sयार का Cतीक हW Ha, bachche pyar ka pratik hai
Do you think children are
more violent today than they
used to be?
6या आपको लगता है क
ब&चे आज पहले से अHधक
हंसक हो रहे है?
Kya aapko lagta hai ki bachche aaj pahle se
adhik himsak ho rahe hai
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老百姓(445485034) 23:42:34
Yes, today, children are more
prone to violence than they
used to be.
हाँ, आज ब&चे पहले से
अHधक हंसा से j/त है
Ha, aaj bachche pahle se adhik himsa se
grast hai
Are chores assigned to
children in your family?
आपके प:रवार म ब&च' को
काम सƒपा जाता है?
Aapke parivaar mein bachchom ko kaam
saunpa jaata hai?
Yes, small-small chores are
assigned to children.
हाँ छोटे –छोटे काम ब&च'
को सƒपते है
Ha, chote –chote kaam bachchcom ko
saunpte hai
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老百姓(445485034) 23:42:50
Conversation Questions - Money & Shopping:
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老百姓(445485034) 23:42:59
Do you enjoy shopping? 6या आपको खरदार से आनंद
4मलता है?
Kya aapko kharidari se anand milta
hai
How much does it cost to get
a haircut in your country?
आपके देश म बाल कटवाने के
4लए Dकतना लगता है?
Aapke desh mein baal katvane ke liye
kitana lagta hai
How much does it cost to ride
a bus from Cochin to
Alapuzha?
कोचीन से आलपुज़हा तक बस
सवार के 4लए Dकतना लगता है?
Cochin se Alapuzha tak bus savari ke
liye kitana lagta hai
What is your opinion of
discount stores?
bडसकाउंट /टोस= के बारे म
आपका 6या राय है?
Discount stores ke bare mein aapka
kya rai hai
Where did you buy this from? आपने ये कहाँ से खरदा? Aapne ye kahan se kharida
How much did you pay for
this dress?
आपने इस पोशाक के 4लए
Dकतना भुगतान Dकया?
Aapne is poshak ke liye kitana
bhugtan kiya
How much does a hamburger
cost in your country?
आपके देश म एक हॅमबग=र का
6या कमत है?
Aapke desh mein ek hamburger ka
kya keemat hai
What are some of the different
kinds of taxes your country
has?
आपके देश के कुछ @व4भन
Cकार के कर' 6या हW?
Aapke desh ke kuch vibhinh prakar
ke karon kya hai
Is it better to pay cash or by
credit card?
6या नकद से भुगतान करना
बेहतर है या Xेbडट काड=से?
Kya nakad se bhugtan karna behtar
hai ya credit card se
Does your parents give you an
allowance?
6या तुgहारे माता @पता तुgह
भता देतेहै?
Kya tumhare mata-pita tumhe bhatta
dete hai
Do you give tips to taxi
drivers in your country?
6या आप अपने देश म टॅ6सी
‰ाइवर' को टSस देतेहै?
Kya aap apne desh mein taxi
driverom ko tips dete hai
Do you invest in the stock
market?
आपने शेर बाज़ार म aपैया लगाए Aapne share bazaar mein rupaiya
lagaye hai
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老百姓(445485034) 23:43:10
How much do you think it
costs to fly to Delhi?
आपको 6या लगता है Dक दeल
के 4लए उड़ान भरने के 4लए
Dकतना लगेगा?
Aapko kya lagta hai ki dilli ke liye
udaan bharne ke liye kitana lagega
How much do you think it
costs to stay in a boat-house in
Kerala?
आपको 6या लगता है Dक केरल
के नाव-घर म रहने क कमत
Dकतना होगा?
Aapko kya lagta hai ki keral ke naavghar
mein rahne ki keemat kitana
hoga
How much does gasoline cost
in your country?
आपके देश म गासो4लन का मूeय
Dकतना है?
Aapke desh mein gasoline ka mulya
kitana hai
Is it expensive to take a taxi in
your country?
6या आपके देश म टॅ6सी लेना
महंगा है?
Kya aapke desh mein taxi lena
mehanga hai
What's the average salary in
your country?
आपके देश म औसत वेतन 6या
है?
Aapke desh mein ausat vetan kya hai
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老百姓(445485034) 23:44:03
New Year Greetings - नया साल का अJभनदन
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老百姓(445485034) 23:44:13
Happy New Year नया साल मुबारक हो Naya saal mubarak ho!
New Year Greetings/ Wish you
a very happy New Year!
नव वष= क शुभ कमनाय Nav varsh ki shubh
kamanayein
Heartfelt wishes for the New
Year
नव वष=/ नए साल क
हाद=क शुभ कमनाए
Nav varsh/ Naye saal ki
haardik shubh kamanaye
May New Year be Delightful /
auspicious!
नव वष= मंगलमय हो/ नया
साल मंगलमय हो
Nav varsh mangalmay ho/
Naya saal mangalmay ho
May the New Year be filled
with happiness and prosperity
to you!
नया साल आपके 4लये सुख
और सgमृHध से भरपूर हो
Naya saal aapkke liye sukh aur
sammrudhi se bharpur ho
New Year Greetings नए साल का मुबारकबात Naye saal ka mubarakbaad
A wish for a successful new
year!
एक सफल नए वष= क
अ4भलाषा करते है
Ek safal naye varsh ki
abhilasha karte hai
New year full of smiles! मु/कान से भरा नए साल Muskaan se bhara naye saal
May God fulfill all your wishes
in the new year !
नए साल मे ईŠवर आपक
मनोकामना पूर करे!
Naye saal me Ishvar apki
manokamana poori kare!
May there be showers of
blessings this new year!
इस नए साल म आशीवा=द
क वषा= हो
Is naye saal mein ashirvaad ki
varsha ho
May God be compassionate to
you in the New Year!
नए साल मे ईŠवर अपनी
अनुकgपा आप पर बनाए
रहे!
Naye saal me Ishvar apni
anukampaa aap par banaye
rahe!
May you exceed the limits of
prosperity and success in the
New Year!
नए साल मे आप Cगती
और सफलता क सीमा पार
करे!
Naye saal me aap pragati aur
safalata ki seema paar kare!
May the New Year bring
happiness, success, love, and
loads of luck into your life!
नए साल आपके जीवन म
खुशी, सफलता,Sयार और डेर
सारा भाEय लाएँ!
Naye saal aapke jeevan mein
khushi, safalta,pyar aur der
sara bhaagya layem!
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老百姓(445485034) 23:50:42
   好了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:51:07
今天的内容都是一些比较重要的内容
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老百姓(445485034) 23:51:41
速度有点快，大家看看就可以了，有需要的可以自己下载
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老百姓(445485034) 23:52:31
Download an entire months’ worth of lessons easily!
Audio and Lesson GuideLesson GuideMonth2011 January Lessons2010 December Lessons2010 November Lessons2010 October Lessons2010 September Lessons2010 August Lessons2010 July Lessons2010 June Lessons2010 May Lessons2010 April Lessons2010-March Lessons2010-February Lessons2010-January Lessons2009-December Lessons2009-November Lessons2009-October Lessons2009-September Lessons2009-August Lessons2009-July Lessons2009-June Lessons2009-May Lessons

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老百姓(445485034) 23:52:59
有语音和电子书
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火心(425693183) 23:53:10
是有点快，都有点更不上速度了 呵呵
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老百姓(445485034) 23:53:19
2008年和2007年的内容可以搜索
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老百姓(445485034) 23:53:36
主要是前面的一些字母
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老百姓(445485034) 23:53:53
后面主要是选择一些有用的句子
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老百姓(445485034) 23:55:25
以前的都不能复制粘贴，比较麻烦
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老百姓(445485034) 23:55:58
这些学习材料的好处是可以复制粘贴，只有个别的会出错
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老百姓(445485034) 23:56:44
都是收费的内容，终于被找到了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:57:18
这个网站是不让复制的
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老百姓(445485034) 23:58:07
这些天由于我们论坛故障，所以现在可以下载了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:59:07
和自学印地语的内容比较接近

日期:2011-2-10
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老百姓(445485034) 23:59:22
这个内容更丰富一些
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老百姓(445485034) 23:59:55
晚上听了一下，有很多是一样的日期:2011-2-11
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老百姓(445485034) 0:00:21
http://www.ispeakhindi.com/paid-subscriber-area/
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老百姓(445485034) 0:01:17
今天到这里，明天接着昨天的内容练习
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火心(425693183) 0:01:28
好
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火心(425693183) 0:01:49
老师晚安
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老百姓(445485034) 0:02:04
还有50天内容也比较好
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老百姓(445485034) 0:03:39
再见
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火心(425693183) 0:04:00
  老师
  本群新增 4 张大图
        
去看看 |  玩涂鸦
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老百姓(445485034) 22:15:09
大家好
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老百姓(445485034) 22:16:40
今天讲一下怎样听懂印地语？
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老百姓(445485034) 22:18:31
练习听懂印地语，要讲究技巧，不能生听，如果听不懂，就说明自己的听力方法有问题，需要改正
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老百姓(445485034) 22:19:35
我们在听磁带的时候，需要看一下文本
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老百姓(445485034) 22:22:06
看文本也看不懂怎么办？因为大家看一篇课文的阅读速度还比较慢，单整理一下印地语的文本一个晚上时间也不够，所以尽快看懂一章文本也需要一定的时间，特别是在没有基础的时候
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老百姓(445485034) 22:24:12
我们练习的课文是双语教学的文本和磁带，英语对印地语，我们可以先看英语不分，印地语简单看一个例子明白说的是什么即可，这样一章的文本内容，就可以很快看个大概了
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老百姓(445485034) 22:26:08
将文本看完，大脑里面有一个全面的整体认识，讲了那些内容？那些明白了，那些还不太明白?已经心中有数了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:27:32
我们一边看自学初级印地语文本，一边听印地语磁带，看看能否跟上磁带的读音，找到文本的内容？
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老百姓(445485034) 22:28:09
因为语音和文本是不一样的，开始跟上语音也不容易。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:30:24
我们前面不是已经看了英语解释部分的内容吗？我们已经知道了这一章有哪些内容，我们找到现在的语音在第几和内容总是可以做到的。这样以一块内容为依据，你就可以跟上磁带语音了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:31:04
我们发现：跟印地语句子不跟英语句子还容易一些。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:32:06
为什么？因为英语讲解的和文本的内容是不一样的，而印地语的句子组确实一块可以跟上语音的。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:34:42
语音跟上是没有问题，但是意思还是不能全部理解。因为我们没有练习是可以原谅自己的。但是你听印地语主要的是听着理解。可以一块听完再回来听一下。这样就比较容易自己领悟理解语音的意思了。这是自己听出来的意思。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:36:29
一旦一段语音听着不知道是那一段文本内容了，可以自己回来再听一些，知道那个内容，你就可以找到文本讲的内容了。再听一遍这一部分就大概理解了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:37:47
整个一章内容这样练习一遍，你再听第二遍的时候，你发现自己整个一章内容的几个部分都能找到并且大概理解了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:38:23
你再跟一遍，发现理解就比较容易了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:38:59
你发现自己理解的还不够透彻。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:39:26
比如第二章内容，有一个角色扮演的内容
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老百姓(445485034) 22:40:15
只有提问文本，没有回答文本，磁带的回答不理解。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:41:02
因为这些句子你没有学习，不能理解的有道理的。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:41:47
你可以就这一段文本看一遍。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:43:08
再看看前面的一段印地语文本，前面已经讲解练习了家庭成员的情况，这样你听语音就可以理解了。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:44:22
对于这些语法变化你看英语解释只能看懂一个大概，只有进行印地语练习才能明白英语讲解的究竟是怎么回事？
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老百姓(445485034) 22:45:33
看文本是一段内容一段内容的看。你只要知道英语讲解了几个问题就可以了
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老百姓(445485034) 22:47:41
他讲解了很多变化，性别的变化，单数复数的变化，形容词副词有些变化，有些不变化。有的男性变化，有的女性不变化，有的永远都不变化。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:48:34
这些变化的a-i-e-ein
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老百姓(445485034) 22:50:02
英语讲了很多，你分不清楚，但是你带着这些问题来听磁带，你一会就可以听懂了，因为对语音里面是很容易理解的。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:50:45
对于数字的变化，也是很多，数字也不容易记忆。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:51:32
你先听一个大概，1-20，序数词
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老百姓(445485034) 22:53:11
听的时候比看的时候总是容易记忆的。
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老百姓(445485034) 22:53:43
看的时候，是需要整体了解，听的时候是具体的单词和句子
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老百姓(445485034) 22:55:21
1 Gender matters 15
We saw earlier that larki
Manoj barii larkii hai. Manoj is a big boy.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:56:11
这一段句子有印地语，英语读音句子和英语句子
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老百姓(445485034) 22:56:37
Mina bap larki hai. Meena is a big girl.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:56:50
Manoj lambii aur patlii hai. Manoj is tall and thin.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:01
Minii lambi aur patH hai. Meena is tall and thin .
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:11
Riim chota hai. Ram is little.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:22
kyii Riim acchii larkii hai? Is Ram a good boy?
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:31
Moti mota nam hai. Moti isn't fat.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:42
kyii Minii lambi hai? Is Meena tall?
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老百姓(445485034) 22:57:53
kyii Minii lambi hai? Is Meena tall?
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老百姓(445485034) 22:58:04
yah larkii meni chota bhiii hai. This boy is my little brother.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:58:13
yah larki meri chop bahin hai. This girl is my little sister.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:58:26
mem beta thik hai lekin meri beti bimiir hai. My son is well but
my daughter is sick.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:59:13
apka beta kMi lamba hai. Your son is quite tall.
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老百姓(445485034) 22:59:23
apki beti bahut sundar hai. Your daughter is very beautiful.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:00:19
这一段你看着听就能理解了，后面练习会用着
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老百姓(445485034) 23:03:16
这一段主要的是你要后跟上磁带语音看到印地语句子，眼睛余光看到英语句子，只要通过对比重点单词就可以理解句子了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:03:56
Practise what you've learnt
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老百姓(445485034) 23:04:19
这是第二段内容练习
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老百姓(445485034) 23:05:29
A male neighbour
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老百姓(445485034) 23:05:37
A female neighbour
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老百姓(445485034) 23:06:18
kya apka Priso lamba hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:06:46
kya apki prisin lambi hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:07:03
kya apka Prisoi lamba hai?

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老百姓(445485034) 23:07:36
kya apka Prisoi  patla hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:07:59
kya apki prisin  patli hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:08:44
kya apka Prisoi agrez hai?
kya apki prisin agrez hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:09:08
kya vah naraz hai?
kya vah naraz hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:09:27
kya vah bimiir hai?
kya vah bimiir hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:10:07
kya vah sundar hai?
kya vah sundar hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:12:25
这一段练习，你只要对比一下就是知道了男女形性别的变化的，有的不变，怎样练习依靠磁带语音，记忆依靠文本的比较，所以看文本跟上磁带很重要。
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老百姓(445485034) 23:14:25
all noune have a gender
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老百姓(445485034) 23:14:44
这是第三段的内容
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老百姓(445485034) 23:15:16
他讲了不单人有性别，物体也有性别
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老百姓(445485034) 23:17:00
比如房子是男性，图片是女性
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老百姓(445485034) 23:17:27
barS kamra, bara admi big room, big man
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老百姓(445485034) 23:17:42
bari tasvir, bap kitab big picture, big book
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老百姓(445485034) 23:18:02
ba,a kutti, chop billi big dog, small cat
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老百姓(445485034) 23:19:08
ba,a kutta, chop billi big dog, small cat
复制的时候，注意经常变了，一定要修改过来
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老百姓(445485034) 23:19:28
Some adjectives never change
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老百姓(445485034) 23:19:40
第四段内容
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老百姓(445485034) 23:20:59
讲的是形容词的变化和不变化
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老百姓(445485034) 23:21:25
yah kitab thik hai. This book is OK.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:21:38
yah kamra thik hai. This room is OK.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:21:48
Manoj thik hai. Manoj is OK.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:22:35
kya billi zinda hai? Is the cat alive?
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老百姓(445485034) 23:22:47
Gita sadi-suda hai. Geeta is married.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:23:25
yah kamra khali hai. This room is free.
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老百姓(445485034) 23:24:57
OK
'alive'
married.
free
vacant,
empty
是永远不变的
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老百姓(445485034) 23:26:12
眼睛只要看几个段见得单词，整个句子变化和不变化只要对比a-i之间有没有变化就可以了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:26:32
在听语音的时候，就很容易记住了
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老百姓(445485034) 23:26:46
TwO types of feminine noun
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老百姓(445485034) 23:26:54
第五部分内容
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老百姓(445485034) 23:28:27
choti 1arki little girl
choti 1arkiya
little girls

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老百姓(445485034) 23:29:06
ek mez one table
do meze two tables

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老百姓(445485034) 23:30:57
ek aurat one woman
tin auratein one woman 3 woman
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老百姓(445485034) 23:32:35
ek moti mahi1a  one fat lady
car moti mahi1aein    four fat ladies

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老百姓(445485034) 23:33:33
meri bap bahin my big sister
meri bap bahinein my big sisters
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老百姓(445485034) 23:35:22
Manoj aur Mina dono 1ambe hai. Manoj and Meena are both tall.

日期:2011-2-11
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:36:49
ek bari admi
one big man

das bare aidmi
ten big men
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:38:33
girl
复数变yiyang -iya
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:40:51
table
woman
lady
女性的复数变ein
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:42:17
Manoj and Meena男性和女性在一起的按照男性规律
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:43:23
这一段讲的是性别变化的不同形式
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:45:11
眼睛看文本句子要注意区别，因为磁带的在一起的，而每种类型的讲解是分开的，所以眼睛和跟上磁带位置，一点找不到了，整段再听一下找到
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:45:43
fill the gapl
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:45:52
这是第六部分内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:46:55
ye aurate bahut。。。 hai.
These women are very tall.
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:47:12
......... bahut mote hai. Those boys are very fat.
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:47:30
lipkli dost Your friend is very thin
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:47:41
Sitii hai? Who is Sita?
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:47:52
.......... Moti thik hai? Is Moti OK?
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:49:10
这一段是练习，由提问，回答要根据原来内容来回答
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:49:40
Practising some plurals
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:49:52
这是第七段内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:51:37
ek admi one man
do adimi two man

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:52:07
ek larkli one boy
do larke two boys
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:52:43
ek larki one girl
do larkiya two girls
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:53:12
ek mez one table
do mezein two tables
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:55:01
这是多样化的变换，一个是男性的复数，一个是女性变换，一个是物体的性别tables桌子是女性
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:55:38
练习的时候物体的性别主要看形状和意思，就知道是男性还是女性了
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:57:09
ek bara admi das bare admi
one big man  ten big men
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:59:42
注意：一个是复制粘贴会变，一定要修改过来
一个是文本写的方式不好，带标记符号的e不对，应该是ein，所以一定要自己打字一下印地语句子，看看英语读音字母能否打出来印地语句子。不能打字出来的就说明文本错了
日期:2011-2-12
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:00:10
some numbers
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:00:25
这是第七部分内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:02:00
1 2 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:04:06
ek
do
tin
car
pac

chah
sat
ath
nau
das

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:06:11
gyarah
barah
terab
caudah
pandrah

solah
satrab
atharah
unnis
bis

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:08:58
每五个为一组，读音有规律
你在练习的时候一边记不住，可以整段听磁带
你如果记不住，可以打字印地语或者汉语拼音，就一定记住了
再就是凡是带字母符号的复制的时候，一定要修改一个是错的
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:09:15
Ordinal numbers: first, second, third
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:09:37
这是第八段内容：序数词
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:11:08
pabla first
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:11:31
dusra second, other
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:11:44
tisra third
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:11:53
cautha fourth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:02
pacva fifth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:11
chatha sixth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:20
satya seventh
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:28
athva eighth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:38
nava ninth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:12:46
dasva tenth
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:17:21
序数词采用的拉和哇，5 7 8 9 10用哇va，1 2 3 4 6用a阿，这是区别
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:19:23
印地语的数字1-20是阿拉伯数字，其他的有印地语数字两种形式要注意
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:19:57
Ordinal numbers quiz
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:20:10
这是第九段内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:21:15
kya pahla larka mota hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:21:24
pahla larka kaun hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:21:33
kya tisra larka kbuS hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:21:42
pacva larka kaun hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:21:57
kya cautha larka patla hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:22:08
cautha larka kaun hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:22:17
kya diisra larka Mabes hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:24:53
这一段文本只有问句，没有答句，磁带有答句，练习的时候，可以看看图像，和前面学习的内容来回答。自己练习看明白，再听磁带仔细区别读音的内容，理解了也就记忆了
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:26:34
所以，能不能听懂完全是自己的方法和技巧问题，有的学员老不能理解听力不好是有原因的，就是只要你听不懂就是有问题，千万不要那样听下去，一定要想办法马上就听懂
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:27:41
包括一种没有学过的外语也是这样，第一次听也要听懂，不要以为自己听不懂是应该的，因为自己还没有学习，所以就听不懂
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:29:15
而是只要是语言你都能听懂，听不懂就要自己想办法，实际办法是很多的，比如你整理一下文本，你自己复制一遍，你自己将句子复制到翻译软件上看一下
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:30:37
包括有很多乱码的，翻译的乱哄哄的，都没有关系，这和你一个句子一个句子翻译是不一样的，你这是在领悟自然汉语读音音译的理解，就是只要是语言就要直接听懂
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:31:28
你这样听不懂，简单处理一下就听懂了，而且完全可以听懂，一天学习就可能不几个月学习效果还要好
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:32:27
还有你学习了很长时间语言还不能记住几个有用的句子，实际上是你学习的句子本身没有用
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:33:35
你就要想问题出在哪里了，你可以自己想一些有用的句子，你可以自己用汉语的句子变化，一下子就是有用句子了，学了就能用上了
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:33:50
3 Getting familiar
We've already seen that 3fl'q" ap
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:34:06
3 Getting familiar
  
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:34:47
复制的时候经常很多乱码自己一定要进行整理
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:35:10
turn bun ho? Who are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:35:36
kya turn Ram ho? Are you Ram?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:35:51
tumhara bhai your brother
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:35:59
tumhan bahin your sister
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:37:23
raju,tu mera jan hai
Raju, you are my darling!
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:38:14
Gita, tu mera jan hai
Geeta, you are my darling!
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:38:42
ap hai you are (formal and polite)
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:38:52
turn ho you are (familiar and casual)
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:39:02
9:~
tii hai you are (intimate or blunt)
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:43:20
tu hai you are
(intimate or blunt)
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:44:10
这个文本的字母有符号的一定要注意，复制出来的会出错，一定要修改过来
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:44:37
这个练习比较复杂
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:47:49
you
ap
tum
tumhara.
tu



回复老百姓(445485034) 0:48:40
这是根据关系远近来区别的，你知道这个大概就可以了，具体的根据磁带注意区分
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:50:08
这些有很多文本的错误的
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:54:26
ap hai
tum  ho
tu hai
这是三种不同形式，单数，复数，男性，女性，常用和不常用的形式
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:56:25
这些练习完了以后可以专门练习多种形式的内容，比如在问你叫什么名字的磁带就有很详细的内容，实际上你只要注意到了，简单看一下，再听磁带一下子就可以关注细节了，否则你听几个月也不会注意到
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:57:07
所以，学习外语要有汉语的思维，就是用汉语来区别外语的语法是很容易的
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:58:13
相反，你用外语的语法来学习语法越学越糊涂，所以所谓的英语思维就是将外语当做外语学，永远都学不会的方法
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:59:33
用汉语来记忆只要几个汉字的音译就足够了，就是一些外语有八八六十种性数格，只要用汉语的汉字来记忆语法，一遍就可以记住了
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:59:43
How are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:00:19
这是第十一段内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:00:48
Raju, ap kaise hai? Raju, how are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:01
Gita, ap kaisi hai? Geeta, how are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:11
apka bhai kaisa hai? How is your brother?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:22
apki bahin kaisi hai? How is your sister?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:31
apke mata-pita kaise hai? How are your parents?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:44
Ram, turn kaise ho? Ram, how are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:01:54
Minii, turn kaisi ho? Meena, how are you?
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:02:34
kaisa, how?,
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:03:18
比较法对于句子很简单，只要知道了新语序，其他的只是一个单词而已
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:04:11
4 Getting formal

回复老百姓(445485034) 1:04:36
第12段内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:05:03
ve acche admi hai. He is a good man. / They are good men.
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:05:16
mere bhai lambe hai. My brother is tall. / My brothers are tall.
回复老百姓(445485034) 1:05:35
ye lambi mahila kaun hai? Who is this tall lady?

日期:2011-2-12
回复
老百姓(445485034) 1:05:51
ye lambi mahilae kaun hai? Who are these tall ladies?
回复
老百姓(445485034) 1:06:56
Raju ji, geeta ji
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老百姓(445485034) 1:07:12
第13段内容
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老百姓(445485034) 1:08:21
ye sita ji hai. This is Sita ji.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:05
Sarma ji acche  adhyapak hai. Sharma ji is a good teacher.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:24
We and our
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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:35
第14段内容

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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:48
ham apke parosi hai. We're your neighbours.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:58
OO~~~I
Moti hamara kutta hai. Moti is our dog.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:10:08
Moti hamara hai. Moti is ours.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:10:22
Javed asks Raju about his family
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老百姓(445485034) 1:10:34
第15段内容

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老百姓(445485034) 1:11:03
Raju ji, Manoj kaun hai?
Manoj hamara bara beta hai.
aeeM. Arma aur Ram kaun hai?
Mina haman bep hai aur Ram hamara dusra beta hai.
aur Gim ji apki patni hai?
ji ha, Gim meri patni hai.
kya apke bhai {18kta.rhai?
ji nahl. ve adhyapak hai.
ve kaise adhyapak hai?
ve bahut aeehe adhyapak hai.
回复
老百姓(445485034) 1:11:22
Raju ji, who is Manoj?
Manoj is our elder ('big') son.
Right. Who are Meena and Ram?
Meena is our daughter and Ram is our second son.
And Geeta ji is your wife?
Yes, Geeta is my wife.
Is your brother a doctor?
No, he's a teacher.
What kind of teacher is he? [i.e. 'is he good?']
He's a very good teacher.
回复
老百姓(445485034) 1:11:58
没有时间修改了，一定要将复制后的乱码修改好
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老百姓(445485034) 1:12:28
Exercise
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老百姓(445485034) 1:12:40
第16段内容

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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:05
I My name is Manoj. Raju and Geeta Sharma are my parents.
2 Meena is my little sister and Ram is my little brother.
3 Moti is our dog. He's very cute.
4 This is Meena. She is OK. She is little.
S Our house isn't very big. There are only five rooms.
6 That boy is my friend; his name is Pratap [5RIW Pramp].
7 Javed sahab is our neighbour. [Use honorific plural.]
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:20
yah larka bahut pyara hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:28
yah kutti hamara nahi hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:36
vah larka kaun hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:46
yah aclmi kaun hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:54
mera dost panjabi hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:01
kya yah kutti apka hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:09
vah aurat kaun hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:16
hamara beta accha larka hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:23
meri bep bimar hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:29
kya yah kitib mahiigi hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:39
yah mez gandi hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:47
urnkaunho?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:14:54
tumhiiti nam kya hai ?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:04
tumhare mati-piti
bahut acche log hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:15
tumhara bhiii sundar nam hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:21
turn dono larke lambe ho.
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:29
turn kaise ho?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:36
apka nam kya hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:43
kya ap thik hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:52
ap niitiz nahi hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:16:00
ap kaisi hai?
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老百姓(445485034) 1:16:58
这些练习实际上很容易，主要的是看着文本，听语音就可以了，这叫做压码看清
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老百姓(445485034) 1:17:31
Glossary
(NB: Cardi
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老百姓(445485034) 1:17:41
最后部分是单词
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老百姓(445485034) 1:18:28
今天就练习到这里
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老百姓(445485034) 1:19:11
我们每一章的辅导方式都是不同的
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老百姓(445485034) 1:20:11
前言部分的主要的学习是印地语字母
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老百姓(445485034) 1:20:30
第一章主要的是打字整理文本的方式
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老百姓(445485034) 1:20:56
练习的主要的压码看懂
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老百姓(445485034) 1:21:18
第二章主要的是练习压码听懂
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老百姓(445485034) 1:22:10
任何一种练习都不是需要很长时间的练习，而是只要遇到什么问题，就运用什么办法来解决
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老百姓(445485034) 1:23:35
开始几个小时主要的实验方法，所以辅导有些晚了，但是我们今天已经给大家提供了范例
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老百姓(445485034) 1:23:50
大家要注意领悟即可
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老百姓(445485034) 1:24:03
再见
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老百姓(445485034) 7:59:07
练习外语要有整体的感觉，带着总体的内容去听
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老百姓(445485034) 7:59:54
再一个遇到什么问题都能自己理解想办法解决，而不是拖到以后
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老百姓(445485034) 8:01:02
对于一段语音，你不能不知道说的是什么内容，要有目标的听才能听出语音的细微差异
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老百姓(445485034) 8:01:31
Raju ji, Manoj kaun hai?
Manoj hamara bara beta hai.
aeeM. Arma aur Ram kaun hai?
Mina haman bep hai aur Ram hamara dusra beta hai.
aur Gim ji apki patni hai?
ji ha, Gim meri patni hai.
kya apke bhai {18kta.rhai?
ji nahl. ve adhyapak hai.
ve kaise adhyapak hai?
ve bahut aeehe adhyapak hai.
Raju ji, who is Manoj?
Manoj is our elder ('big') son.
Right. Who are Meena and Ram?
Meena is our daughter and Ram is our second son.
And Geeta ji is your wife?
Yes, Geeta is my wife.
Is your brother a doctor?
No, he's a teacher.
What kind of teacher is he? [i.e. 'is he good?']
He's a very good teacher.
回复
老百姓(445485034) 8:02:08
对于一段内容你不能不懂，你如果不懂马上就可以想出办法解决
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老百姓(445485034) 8:02:40
是语音问题就解决语音听写汉语拼音
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老百姓(445485034) 8:03:06
是字体问题，就马上进行打字记忆
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老百姓(445485034) 8:03:24
是阅读问题，眼睛看不清楚句子
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老百姓(445485034) 8:03:36
马上就解决阅读问题
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老百姓(445485034) 8:11:57
要先粗后细
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老百姓(445485034) 8:12:17
不要平分精力
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老百姓(445485034) 8:13:18
开始对讲的是什么，搞清楚了，具体的再练习详细的内容
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老百姓(445485034) 8:14:08
既要质量也要速度，因为一旦速度受到影响，学习就会成为负担
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老百姓(445485034) 20:00:03
大家好
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老百姓(445485034) 20:00:14
今天继续学习印地语
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老百姓(445485034) 20:03:07
昨天讲了如何压码听懂磁带问题
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老百姓(445485034) 20:04:22
学习外语需要有针对性训练，哪里有问题就在那里采取措施解决。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:05:03
人有三宝：眼睛、耳朵和嘴。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:05:39
这是学习外语的关键因素。必须充分利用起来。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:07:04
大家在学习外语的时候，总是会遇到一些困难。你的困难主要的是什么？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:07:51
对于一种新的外语你能看懂吗？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:08:14
你能听懂吗？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:08:23
你会写吗？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:08:35
会说吗？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:09:29
所有这些我们所指的都是初次练习的时候会遇到的困难。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:10:31
所以我们需要找到这些问题所在。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:11:24
不然的话，面对几百种外语，我们无论如何都是无法学会的。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:14:05

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老百姓(445485034) 20:14:46
我们看到上面的印地语文字，怎样才能打字出来？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:15:09

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老百姓(445485034) 20:16:07
我们看到这些用我们不认识的文字写出来的故事怎样才能看懂呢？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:16:31

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老百姓(445485034) 20:17:05
我们看到这些自己不会的问题，怎样解决呢？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:17:40

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老百姓(445485034) 20:18:52
我们怎样进入这些什么的国度，去了解他们的文化和生活呢？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:19:07

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老百姓(445485034) 20:22:55
让我们一起去学习印地语的字母
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老百姓(445485034) 20:22:59
क अ ज ल ओ
द ब स क ल
फ ट च म ब
ल र स ज स
म त त ब म
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老百姓(445485034) 20:24:25
क आ ज ल ओ

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老百姓(445485034) 20:25:10
द ब  च  म ब
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老百姓(445485034) 20:25:27
ल र स ज स
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老百姓(445485034) 20:25:42
म त त ब म
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老百姓(445485034) 20:26:55
认识字母就能打字出来。不认识字母就不能打字出来。所以打字是一个检验是否认识字母的途径。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:27:51
बा बा या ट का दं ठ रं
घ द थ द र  त ग
द रं दा का थ र म स
र व द न द न थ
दा दं या ब म द  ल प
दा न ङ ह दा व बा फ
त न द र ब द ड़ रं
थ बा द  र का दौ ढ दा
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老百姓(445485034) 20:28:48
看到这些变了的字母吧。这是乱码，需要自己修改。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:29:05
所以整理文本的重要的工作。
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老百姓(445485034) 20:30:08
ऋ 这个字母是怎样打字出来的呢？
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老百姓(445485034) 20:30:54
ri，如果不知道ऋ是ri的读音，你就不能打字出来。

日期:2011-2-12
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:32:00
री ऋ 这两个字母都是ri
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:33:13
बा बा या ट का दं ठ री
घ द थ द रि  त ग
द ऋ दा का थ र म स
र व द न द न थ
दा दं या ब म द  ल प
दा न ङ ह दा व बा फ
त न द र ब द ड़ रं
थ बा द  र का दौ ढ दा

回复老百姓(445485034) 20:33:49
त न द र ब द ड़ रि
थ बा द  री का दौ ढ दा

回复老百姓(445485034) 20:34:13
बा ह ल हा घ स ष मं
फे र थ ग थी ब थ ड
ओ म व स फ न भ था
ना ए इ प बा र ङ फे
क न म थ आ ल ध सा
थ र मं ऐ र व थ थी
क सा क था हा थ द ज
ग स फे द ल ख र थ
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:34:41
我们看看能否打字出来
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:46:51
बा ह् ल हा घ स मं
फे  र थ ग थी ब थ ह्
ओ म् ब स फ न भ ड
ओ म् व स फ न् भ थ
ना ए इ प बा र ड ङ फे
क  न् स थ आ ल ध सा
थ र मं से र व थ थी
क सा क था हा थ द ज
ग स के द ल ख र थ  
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:47:20
अ ट घ झ य
ण ब र त ह
ढ ह म ध क
छ ठ ड न घ
थ ष व ह स
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:55:32
अ ट घ झ य
ण ब र त ह्
द ढ ह् म् ध क
छ ठ ड न् घ
थ ष व ह् स  
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:56:32
ण ष 是难点
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:57:37
遇到打字不出来的字母怎么办？翻译出来读音就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:58:14
आ साँ च< छु रा ट क ड़ा
गे झ ड़ी घ च  छु जू व
घो गा बाँ म आ ना न ता
जू ड़ा औ चा र म गा ब
घ छु ओ ?ग बी ठ छु झ
उ ड़ी घु स ना क ग आ
छु इ 7म थ त ड़ा ख त
क च  प च< झ ज छो टा
回复老百姓(445485034) 20:58:37
这里有几个字母出现乱码
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:04:21
孙老师，你有整套的理论体系啊。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:04:39
可以先吧资料给我们看下，理解下吗
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:07:48
现在论坛打不开，等以后看论坛就可以了

回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:08:28
你说不认识的外语需要怎么学和掌握呢
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:08:53
外语很简单
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:09:13
凡是外语都有字母和语音
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:09:16
对。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:09:32
是字母就要认识，怎样认识呢
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:10:23
任何语言的字母都有英语字母读音，看到英语字母就是知道了外语字母的读音
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:11:33
这样就等于任何语言的字母都能认识。所以这样与语言的字母就没有关系了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:12:05
是语言都有语音。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:12:21
你之前不是说过，英文用中文字来发音吗
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:12:30
怎么又变成是用英文来发音了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:13:16
不论是英语，还是印地语，韩语，日语，俄语读音都可以用汉语拼音来听写出来，和原来的句子读音一样
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:13:53
这样外语又和什么语言的语音没有关系了。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:14:28
好。那么请问这个和压码方法有什么关系呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:15:01
这样，我们解决了两个大问题，一个是外语不认识的字母，一个是解决了外语的句子读音问题。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:16:09
是读音就有汉字，是汉字就有意思，这样又解决了一个意思的问题。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:16:07
然后呢
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:16:38
问题是汉字的意思和那些外语的含义不是直接对应呀。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:16:54
这就是压码汉语直译学习法。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:16:59
那应该怎么学
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:18:19
汉语就有任何语言都不具备的意义。就是说，只要是外语有的语音，汉语就有和他读音相同的意思的字来对应。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:19:21
这是汉语的特性决定的。汉语是表意文字。其他语言不是。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:20:01
是的。但是不能照搬了。比如THANKS是三克油。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:20:18
我们知道THANKS的意思是谢谢。而不是三克油。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:20:43
所以，我们要做的工作，就是找到外语和汉语语音和意思相同的那个汉字
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:21:02
这个能找到吗。，比如THANKS。
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:21:04
怎么找呢
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:22:19
在汉字里面找，找的不对的你那个叫做谐音，谐音就是错误意思的读音，音译就是正确意思的汉字
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:22:36
这个能找到吗。，比如THANKS。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:23:16
谢客哟
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:24:07
谢安客事
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:24:27
找到变音，就是压码的过程
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:24:31
WAIT呢
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:24:53
哇的
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:25:15
哇！就是哇，什么啊？
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:25:32
这都是汉语方言的读音和意思
回复阿提拉 (56030929) 21:26:04
但是wait的意思是“等”，不是哇呀。
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:26:32
看错了that
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:26:43
weit
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:29:05
委踏
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:29:43
不着急走，需要等到他来
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:30:49
人多同音字都有相近地意思
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:31:09
为他
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:31:18
为特
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:31:29
维塔
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:31:44
位踏
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:32:48
比如我们说亚克西是你好的意思，你知道为什么吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:33:12
yaksi  
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:33:21
yakexi
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:33:45
yahexim
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:34:44
yes，yex，yehs，都是汉语的汉字
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:35:13
26个字母都有具体的意思
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:36:11
在声母决定打字的汉字，在汉字里面选韵母进行匹配就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:36:58
不单印地语是这样，我们在论坛的1600种语言的常用语都是范例
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:37:44
不需要全部语言都练习，只要练习一次200种语言的任何一个句子就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:38:21
我们可以从中进行抽查任何一个语言的任何一个句子都是这样的
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:38:46
外语汉语音译练习方法是：
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:39:07
拿到外语句子
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:39:29
将外语句子的英语字母读音进行注音
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:39:42
确定几个读音
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:40:04
汉字读音范围就定下来了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:40:32
打字这些读音的汉字，进行选择汉字就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:46:17
汉语音译练习不是需要大量练习的，你只要练习一次学会方法就可以了，以后只要注意体验外语读音和汉语读音近似意思接近的汉字就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:47:27
因为你在练习汉语音译的时候，是不管任何外语的字母你不认识的字母，都用英语读音字母来汉语音译的
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:48:01
下一步，你就需要直接见到这些外语字母认识
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:48:33
怎样认识不认识字母的外语呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:48:45
这就是打字练习
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:50:09
我们论坛里面有几千种外语字母表，这样练习起来，你也会犯愁的
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:50:34
很简单，你也是只用一次练习打字就可以了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:51:57
举例来说，印地语你只要用英语26个字母在印地语输入法输入一次就知道了那个字母的印地语字母对应了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:52:30
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z  
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:53:00
अ ब क ड ए फ ग ह् इ ज क ल म् न् ओ प क र स ट उ व व क्ष य ज़  
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:53:30
读音是一一对应的
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:54:15
我们可以用汉语句子进行练习
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:54:38
women keyi yong hanyu juzi jinxing lianxi
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:55:04
वोमेन कई योंग हन्यु जूजी जिन्क्सिंग लिंक्सी  
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:56:05
这样虽然你还不认识这些字母读音，但是你每打字一个字母，你就认识了一个印地语字母的读音
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:56:43
其他语言也是这样，有的只是键位有些变化
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:57:20
你将每个语言的26个字母打字出来实验一下键位就出来了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:57:53
这样，你一天就可以完成常用100-200种语言的字母打字练习
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:58:12
这样第二件事情你又完成了
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:59:26
还有一件事情你看到这些英语读音字母不能连贯地读音，也就是实际读音有变音和英语字母读音不一样
回复老百姓(445485034) 21:59:52
你可以将任何外语都当做汉语来处理
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:00:45
就是听写汉语拼音，听写了汉语拼音，虽然和外语句子的字母不一样，但是读音是精确的
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:02:28
比如“你好”
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:03:03
英语 hello

日期:2011-2-12
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:03:33
ha-lou
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:04:09
印地语 नमस्ते

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:04:33
na-me-si-dei
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:05:11
مرحبا阿拉伯语

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:05:35
mai=de=ha=de
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:05:58
م ر ح با
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:06:43
阿拉伯语是从右向左读的，就是知道了每个字母读音
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:07:15
Привет
俄语

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:07:43
bu-li-yue-de
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:08:08
不离悦的
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:08:48
안녕하세요
韩语

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:09:44
安宁哈噻哟
an-niang-e-a-sai-yao
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:10:47
Hallo
德语
ha-lu
回复笨_zqiA<kb2003@qq.com> 22:11:20
Hola

O-la
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:11:32
法语
Bonjour

回复笨_zqiA<kb2003@qq.com> 22:11:57
bong  ru
回复笨_zqiA<kb2003@qq.com> 22:12:06
bong ru h
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:12:10
dou-ri-er
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:12:46
こんにちは
日语
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:13:00
guo-ni-ji-wa
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:13:27
腊语
Γεια σας
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:13:48
yie-sa-si
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:14:18
西班牙语
Hola
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:14:29
ao-la
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:14:55
葡萄牙语
Olá
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:15:07
wo-la
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:15:14
乌拉
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:15:43
瑞典语
Hej
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:16:11
hai-yi
嗨咦
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:16:43
挪威语
Hallo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:16:53
ha-lu
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:17:13
荷兰语
Hallo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:17:22
ha-lao
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:17:52
大家注意看语音的细微变化，但是汉字读音意思不变
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:18:21
丹麦语
Hej
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:18:36
hai-ai
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:19:13
冰岛语
Halló
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:19:25
ha-li-luo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:19:46
波兰语
Witam
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:20:15
weidamu
伟大慕
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:20:48
芬兰语
Hei
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:20:54
hai
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:22:41
塞尔维亚语
Здраво
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:22:56
ri-da-wou
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:23:22
斯瓦希里语
Hello
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:23:34
hai-er-you
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:23:58
土耳其语
Merhaba
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:24:25
manhaba
蛮好吧
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:24:54
威尔士语
Helo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:25:07
hai-lo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:26:06
亚美尼亚语 Բարեւ Ձեզ
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:26:20
fa-rui-wu-zai
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:26:46
意大利语
Ciao

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:28:04
qia-ou
恰哦，巧嗷
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:28:28
印尼语
Halo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:28:41
ha-lou
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:29:08
匈牙利语
Helló
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:29:18
hai-lu
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:29:58
阿尔巴尼亚语
Përshëndetje
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:30:15
de-shi-nai-bi
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:31:13
布尔文(南非荷兰语)
Hello
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:31:22
hai-wei
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:31:44
菲律宾语
Hello
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:32:10
海地克里奥尔语
Hello
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:32:22
ei-lu
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:32:57
泰罗尼亚语
Hola
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:33:15
ao-ou
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:33:36
捷克语
Ahoj
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:33:58
ahaoyi阿好意
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:34:23
克罗地亚语
Bok
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:34:35
bao褒
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:35:26
拉丁语Salve
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:36:19
sa-li-wei
萨利喂
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:36:49
罗马尼亚语
Alo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:37:10
a-lou
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:37:37
马来语
Halo
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:38:04
马其顿语
Здраво
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:38:21
ri-da-m
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:38:52
斯洛伐克语
Ahoj
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:39:17
a-hou 啊好
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:39:52
泰语
สวัสดี
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:40:01
S̄wạs̄dī
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:40:29
巴斯克语 Hello
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:41:23
越南语
Xin chào
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:42:15
我们对主要一些语言进行了汉语拼音听写，听写的结果都是你好的变音
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:42:51
简单的句子是这样复杂的句子也是这样
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:44:12
怎样学习做快呢？我们不能一个一个常用语来学习
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:44:40
我们可以用自己任何心里想的语言来练习
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:45:44
How to learn faster and better it?

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:46:58
hao-tu-lin-fa-si-te-an-ban-de-wei（t）
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:47:20
तेजी से और बेहतर कैसे जानने के लिए?

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:47:51
Tējī sē aura bēhatara kaisē jānanē kē li'ē?
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:50:23
de-li-ji-si-ao-li-bi-hao-de-li-de-li-kai-si-zhang-ni-gei-li
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:50:50
كيف يتعلم أسرع وأفضل ذلك؟
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:51:33
كيف يتعلم أسرع وأفضل ذلك؟
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:52:35
kai-fei-an-yao-de-si-la-fei-wei-li-ge
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:53:03
Как научиться быстрее и лучше?

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:54:20
ka-ke-la-wu-qi-ci-bi-shi-bi-li-en-wu-chi
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:54:52
どのように速く、それをより良い学習するには？

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:00:13
dao-ni-yao-ni-ke-ya-ke-so-li-wa-yao-li-yao-wo-ke-suo-ni-wa-yao-li-yao-ya-ke-xiu-xi-liu-ni-wa

日期:2011-2-12
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:00:58
Cómo aprender más rápido y mejor?
西班牙语

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:02:50
guo-ma-a-pen-da-ma-si-bi-da-yi-mei-hao-de?
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:03:12
葡萄牙语
Comoaprendermais rápido emelhoré?
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:06:00
guo-mou-bi-lin-de-li-mai-si-ha-pei- du-ying-wei-liao-dai
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:06:59
有代表性的语言都可以听写出来汉语拼音，就说明精确的句子读音也是没有问题的
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:07:54
字母读音，字母写法，句子读音，句子意思的汉语音译都是没有问题的，没有特殊的语言。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:08:37
音形意都可以解决，大家想想还有什么问题呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:08:56
在练习的时候，还会遇到问题
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:10:11
这么多语言，共计世界上有7400种左右语言，一个人怎么有精力也不可能从任何一个方面练习完，这就是一个重大的问题。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:10
比如说只是练习简单的常用语，每个语言200个句子吧，所有语言练习一遍需要多长时间啊！
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:33
实际上这个问题也好解决。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:35
我们看到你好这个简单句子了吗，几乎所有语言都是大同小异，只是读音进行变音而已。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:55
有的说哈啰，有的说“好啰”有的说阿罗，有的说哈鲁。有的说好啦，说的说哈哩哟，有的说啊好意，有的说嗨啰，有的说嗨，有的说嗨喂，有的说得失乃比，有的说哈喽，有的说哈奥（就是好啊），有的问发了没咋，就是恭喜发财的意思，蛮好吧，伟大吗，嗨咦，乌拉，喔啦，耶萨是，过你吉哇，几乎没有多大出入，你只要注意变音就足够了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:04
只有一个用来一句比较文邹邹的话，褒义词的褒，进行褒奖，你好
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:20
所以无票们练习的时候，过几天就像玩游戏一样娱乐一些，练习一下几十种语言一个句子，就可以体验了
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:35
我们还没有说的究竟怎样练习，才能将一个语言尽快达到任意语言进行变化的练习呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:31
压码法是有办法的。就是用汉语想着进行穿插
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:26:53
世界都在说汉语，人人都是大舌头
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:27:55
你想想thank you是不是汉语说话的大舌头啊？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:29:20
谢客哟，那有汉语说得那样清晰啊，san-kei-you，有的人也写3q都是读音。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:30:32
th读s，也读th=de，所有及时有人读得客哟，也没有错
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:32:56
何况只是说了xian kei you ，s=x=th=shi=ch=zh=z=ds=ts=gi=gei=he 这些都在可以承受的范围之内
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:33:26
就是有点大舌头而已
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:33:56
这就是方言，实际上任何外语都能在方言里面找到
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:34:21
语音变音这个问题搞清楚了以后，问题就好办了
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:34:46
我们就把问题转到句子的内容上去了
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:35:07
什么样的是句子呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:36:23
汉语句子，就是主语谓语宾语是一个完整句子，至于定语、状语和补语，只是修饰而已。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:37:24
不同语言的差异就是大家说得语法，主要的语法就是语言读音单词排列的顺序
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:38:04
比如说你叫什么名字？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:38:30
主语你，谓语叫，宾语名字
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:38:51
我们试验一下
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:39:21
What is your name?

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:39:38
什么是你的名字？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:40:12
有多少种单词排列组合呢？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:40:38
什么名字是你的？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:40:50
你的名字是什么？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:41:44
आपका नाम क्या है?

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:42:37
What is your name?
变成 your name What is?
你的名字什么是？

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:43:08
Как тебя зовут?

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:46:48
这样很快各种可能的排序就可以穷尽。所以别看语言多，但是排序具有几种。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:49:10
主谓宾，主宾谓，宾谓主，宾主谓，谓主宾，谓宾主，这样总共6种排列组合方式
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:50:03
二不常用的排列外语也不喜欢用，只是略有区别而已。实际上汉语也有这种倒装句，我们汉语搞过来说也能理解。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:52:27
你叫什么名字？
你的名字什么是？
叫什么名字你的？
甚至究竟谁是主语谁是宾语一会自己也分不清了，反正只要是汉语就能听懂。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:53:34
语法又不是问题了，因为我们可以将一个句子通过移动数遍直接得到外语句子的新语序。几次练习就实验出来了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:54:28
下面我们通过汉语来拿印地语来举例，是怎样将说话的句子连起来的？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:54:50
刚见面第一句话是，你好
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:55:14
Hello

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:55:48
नमस्ते
Namastē
那么是德
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:56:14
回答还是你好
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:57:01
你好吗？只是问你最近情况可好的意思.
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:57:37
最近可好？你好吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:59:46
你好吗？
How are you?
आप कैसे हैं?
Āpa kaisē hain?
a-ba-ga-si-hai？

日期:2011-2-13
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:00:10
啊吧嘎是嗨？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:00:22
能够理解汉语吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:00:57
你能理解汉语吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:01:29
Can you understand Chinese?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:02:06
क्या आप चीनी समझते हो?
Kyā āpa cīnī samajhatē hō?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:03:01
No, just a little.

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:03:59
बस एक छोटी सी नहीं.
Basa ēka chōtī sī nahīn.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:04:30
我们一起说印地语吧？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:05:16
Hindi we say it together, right?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:06:02
हिन्दी हम इसे एक साथ सही कहा?
Hindī hama isē ēka sātha sahī kahā?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:06:31
最近身体可好？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:07:03
Recently the body these days?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:07:51
शरीर हाल ही में इन दिनों?
Śarīra hāla hī mēn ina dinōn?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:08:11
还好，你哪？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:09:58
I'm fan, thanks，what about you?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:10:33
मैं प्रशंसक, के बारे में आप क्या धन्यवाद, हूँ?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:10:55
Main praśansaka, kē bārē mēn āpa kyā dhan'yavāda, hūm̐?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:11:30
你想到哪里玩？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:13:59
Where you want to go?

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:14:45
I want to go shopping.

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:15:37
तुम कहाँ जाना चाहते हो?
Tuma kahām̐ jānā cāhatē hō?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:16:24
I want to go shopping.
मैं खरीदारी के लिए जाना चाहता हूँ.
Mai kharīdārī kē li'ē jānā cāhatā hūm̐.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:18:03
This mall is cheap, you go?
这个商场很便宜，你去吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:18:40
इस मॉल सस्ता है, तुम जाओ?
Isa mŏla sastā hai, tuma jā'ō?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:19:00
注意听声音就能听懂。
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:20:15
Listen to the sound can understand.
ध्वनि के लिए सुनो सकता है समझते हैं.
Dhvani kē li'ē sunō sakatā hai samajhatē hai.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:22:38
我喜欢看电影，这里有电影光盘吗？
मैं फिल्में देखने की तरह, वहाँ फिल्म डिस्क हो?
Main philmēn dēkhanē kī taraha, vahām̐ philma diska hō?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:23:55
有，在五层，西北角。
वहाँ, पांच कहानी, उत्तर पश्चिमी कोने में.
Vahām̐, pān̄ca kahānī, uttara paścimī kōnē mēṁ.

回复老百姓(445485034) 0:25:03
多少钱一张光盘？
बहुत एक सीडी है?
Bahuta ēka sīdī hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:26:07
20 रुपये.
bei-se-ru-bai-yi
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:27:23
有神话故事的电影吗？
एक परी कथा फिल्म?
Ēka parī kathā philma?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:29:17
摩诃波罗多你喜欢吗？
महा बाल्टिक ज्यादा आप इसे पसंद है?
Mahā bāltika jyādā āpa isē pasanda hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:30:02
太棒了，我找了很长时间呢！
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:30:31
बढ़िया है, मैं एक लंबे समय के लिए भी देख रहा हूँ!
Baṛhiyā hai, maiṁ ēka lambē samaya kē li'ē bhī dēkha rahā hūm̐!
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:31:41
फिल्मों के इस सेट करेंगे.
Philmōn kē isa sēta karēngē.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:32:26
有带电影字幕的吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:33:13
आप मूवी उपशीर्षक के साथ है?
Āpa mūvī upaśīrsaka kē sātha hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:33:35
对不起，印度电影都没有字幕。
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:34:29
मैं माफी चाहता हूँ, भारतीय फिल्में नहीं उपशीर्षक है.
Main māphī cāhatā hūm̐, bhāratīya philmē nahīn upaśīrsaka hai.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:35:35
समय क्या हुआ है?
Samaya kyā hu'ā hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:36:23
十一点半。我们一起吃饭好吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:37:01
साढ़े ग्यारह बजे. आप के साथ रात का खाना है?
Sārhē gyāraha bajē. Āpa kē sātha rāta kā khānā hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:37:42
前面有一个华人餐馆，你想去吗？
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:38:15
एक चीनी रेस्तरां के सामने, तुम जाने के लिए करना चाहते हैं?
Ēka cīnī rēstarāṁ kē sāmanē, tuma jānē kē li'ē karanā cāhatē hai?
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:39:09
你想点什么菜？这是菜单。
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:39:55
क्या आप ऑर्डर करने के लिए करना चाहते हैं? यह मेनू है.
Kyā āpa ŏrdara karanē kē li'ē karanā cāhatē hai? Yaha mēnū hai.
回复老百姓(445485034) 0:40:33
我吃点水饺就可以了。

日期:2011-2-13
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:41:09
मैं इस पर पकौड़ी खा लो.
Main isa para pakaurī khā lō.
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:41:53
再来点啤酒吧？
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:44:44
不用了，我就喝点北京牛栏山二锅头就行了。
नहीं, मैं लाइन पर Niulanshan Erguotou बीजिंग पीते हैं.
Nahīn, main lā'ina para Niulanshan Erguotou bījierga pītē hai.

回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:45:12
好了，二两酒四两花生米来了。
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:45:47
खैर, चौबीस औंस मूंगफली दो शराब आते हैं.
Khaira, caubīsa aunsa mūgaphalī dō śarāba ātē hai.
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老百姓(445485034) 0:46:45
谢谢你的款待。我要回学校了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:47:23
आप अपने आतिथ्य के लिए धन्यवाद. मैं वापस स्कूल में जा रहा हूँ.
Āpa apanē ātithya kē li'ē dhan'yavāda. Main vāpasa skūla mēn jā rahā hūm̐.
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:47:44
明天见。
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:48:13
कल मिलते हैं.
Kala milatē hain.
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老百姓(445485034) 0:48:43
अलविदा
Alavidā
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老百姓(445485034) 0:49:26
用汉语来学习印地语可以用自己最想说的话来学习。
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:49:46
任何语言都可以直接学习。
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:50:21
我们可以用英语你好美国的教材练习印地语语。
回复
老百姓(445485034) 0:51:08
连我们练习的开场白和对话的衔接就有了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:51:50
我们可以练习各种日常用语，并且可以随心所欲地添加自己的内容。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:52:59
如果有时间，有一天就可以将各种句子，特别是重要的表达方式，各种问答句子学好了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:53:50
因为连续学习，反复转化，一会就可以直接听说出印地语的汉语语音了
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老百姓(445485034) 0:54:21
这时候你就自然可以汉语音译任何句子了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:55:17
你直接用一个印地语磁带听一下，大概内容是可以听懂的，就是还不够精确，理解的还不够透彻。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:56:07
这时候，你最需要的是自己制作一个印地语的电子书。内容都是最需要的。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:56:36
所以，你先练习一个印地语光盘。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:57:12
你可以先直接用汉语拼音听写磁带，大于10分钟左右就够了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:58:37
你要练习这个磁带，你可以将磁带印地语句子整理好。一遍听磁带，一边看文本。练习几遍就可以学会听懂了。
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老百姓(445485034) 0:59:38
这个时候，你可以将自己整理的英语或者印地语电子书，变成各种主要语言的外语教材，进行练习。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:00:05
开始不用多，就十几种到20种外语就可以了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:00:55
因为你打算还是一天学会这些外语，太多了就不能产生理解的效果了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:01:59
用翻译软件对英语教程的主要内容进行翻译。翻译成各种主要语言。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:02:32
一边整理，一边练习听力理解，汉语直接音译。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:02:56
这样你就对各种外语都有信心了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:03:32
最后，你只要将四种外语系列内容学习好就可以了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:04:15
英语不用学，因为所有外语都用英语双语教学练习，实际上都在一致学习英语。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:04:39
印地语，俄语，阿拉伯语和韩语
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老百姓(445485034) 1:06:37
分别代表婆罗文印地语类梵语字母，俄语类西里尔字母和汉语类谚文字母
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老百姓(445485034) 1:07:15
那么，德语、法语、西班牙语和葡萄牙语不是最重要的语种吗？
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老百姓(445485034) 1:07:57
在现在大家学习外语的时候，大家都当做大语种，因为使用的国家多。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:08:52
但是，这些外语在学习多语言的时候，一点都没有代表性，都是属于英语类拉丁字母外语。所以是不需要专门学习的。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:09:39
学习完这四类外语，你就可以每类外语进行拓展训练多语言了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:10:36
一类外语开始也不需要拓展太多。一类外语有十几种到20种外语也就差不多了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:11:24
拓展同类外语，主要的方式是阅读理解训练。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:15
也就是一类外语用一篇文章，最好是自己的日记最好是汉语思维方式的日记。就像我写的看电影汉语日记的心理思维过程的句子最好。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:13:59
你进行比较，一天练习20种外语一篇文章。进行对比练习是很容易理解记忆的。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:15:05
大概每类外语10几种外语练习1-2周，一个月左右时间就可以结束了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:16:01
压码多语言的汉语音译获得训练法。就讲完了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:16:33
大家可以早点休息了。
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老百姓(445485034) 1:16:39
再见
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加QQ800005999买茶(1473174307) 3:25:44
        

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老百姓(445485034) 10:50:46
大家好
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老百姓(445485034) 10:51:10
teach yourself beginner's hindi
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老百姓(445485034) 10:52:16
大家可以下载这个印地语电子书，为临时文件，在QQ群保留7天时间
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老百姓(445485034) 10:52:43
今天我们就讲一下这个教材
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老百姓(445485034) 10:53:55
introduction
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老百姓(445485034) 10:54:47
the Hindiscriptand sounds
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老百姓(445485034) 10:55:02
下面是教材的目录：
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老百姓(445485034) 10:55:21
नमस्तते  greetings
1 saying hello
2 who and how people are
3 this and that; he, she and It
4 more questions
Ra,lumeets hie nelghbour, Javed

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老百姓(445485034) 10:55:56
02 our family
1 gender matters
2 number
3 getting familiar
4 getting formal
Javed •• ka Ra,luabout hie family

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老百姓(445485034) 10:56:26
03 In the room
1 some more questions
2 where?on the table
3 case
at school
at home

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老百姓(445485034) 10:56:52
04 have some tea
1 giving orders and making requests
  2 telling, saying, speaking, asking
  3 routine events
Javed and Raju get to know each other

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老百姓(445485034) 10:57:23
05 what do you want?
1 obliques again
2 what do you like, what do you want?
Pratap goes shopping
3 availability - 'to get, to find'
4 revision!
Raju visits a hotel
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老百姓(445485034) 10:57:53
06 what work do you do?
1 possession and 'to have'
2 the Sharma family
ManoJ Introduces Pratap to his father
3 you can go
there's nobody In the house
4 let me go!

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老百姓(445485034) 10:58:15
07 the Past
1 in the past
2 getting specific
3 a shortcut
4 adding emphasis

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老百姓(445485034) 10:58:37
08 what's happening?
1 comparisons: bigger and smaller
2 continuous tense: '-ing' verbs
Gaeta phones home
3 Raju is reading 'his own' newspaper
revising with Gopal and Jagdlsh
4 these days, in and out, up and down

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老百姓(445485034) 10:58:59
09 In the future
1 the Mure tense
what will you do tomorrow?
the days ahead
2 its and maybes
Javed calls on Raju
3 so that, in order that
4 how long does it take?

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老百姓(445485034) 10:59:20
10 what happened?
1 the past tense
2 transitivity
3 other perfective tenses
4 sit and rest - linking two actions

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老百姓(445485034) 10:59:42
11 It Is said that •••
1 a verb with many meanings
2 finding the way in Vllaspur
3 it is said that •.• the passive is easy
4 you should read this - obligations
5 you must read this - stronger obligations

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老百姓(445485034) 11:00:03
12 health and style
1 'j-words' and relative clauses
2 getting things done - causatives
a visit to the doctor
3 parts of the body
4 shades of meaning
5 style in Hindi
6 numbers
7 time

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老百姓(445485034) 11:00:15
key to the exercises
Hindi-English vocabulary
English-Hindi vocabulary
glossary of grammatical terms
index

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老百姓(445485034) 11:01:30
这本书有配套磁带，共计12章，每章一个磁带语音。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:05:06
教材是图片文件，复制粘贴会出现错误。不能完整复制，只能一个短句子进行复制。英语可以复制，印地语不能复制，印地语的英语读音句子复制会出现一些错误。原来QQ群就是用这个教材讲课的。印地语都是我打字出来的。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:07:02
看着印地语或者英语打字印地语对于理解和记忆都有好处。实际上复制整理完了一章，你听这个磁带也就基本可以听懂了。所以我们还是提倡大家自己制作印地语电子书的方式进行学习和积累。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:09:16
introduction
教材简介
Welcome to Beginner's Hindi!
Is this the right course for you?
The Sharma family
script and pronunciation
The recordings
Where does this book lead?

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老百姓(445485034) 11:10:47
The Hindi script and sounds
Aspiration
Devanagari: the basic characters
Independent vowel forms ('vowel characters')
Consonants
Dependent vowel forms ('vowel signs', based on Cfi as an example)

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老百姓(445485034) 11:12:04
这一部分讲解了印地语字母和语音
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老百姓(445485034) 11:13:00
印地语会读音就会打字，会打字就认识字母，这是一个特点，印地语的读音是用英语字母读音进行标记的。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:13:18
这一部分我们已经辅导完毕。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:15:18
印地语字母练习需要一天时间，你可以先打字出来英语26个字母，然后再换印地语输入法打字英语26个字母，出来的就是印地语的26个字母了。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:16:06
所以认字非常简单。你一分钟时间就可以完成了。知道字母读音。知道怎样打字。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:17:32
我们的压码汉语音译多语言外语学习法，就是采用将那些不认识字母的外语进行打字练习一天，就知道了外语字母和英语读音字母的对应关系。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:17:58
一天可以练习100种外语的字母打字。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:19:13
因为一天大家可以练习一个句子的200种外语的汉语音译，你练习一次就可以达到任何语言的汉语音译的方法了。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:19:49
就是将各种不认识字母按照英语读音字母来练习句子的汉语音译的。
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老百姓(445485034) 11:21:13
所以你其实练习的时候，对于外语字母记忆还不够深刻，你就可以用英语26个字母练习英语字母和印地语字母读音对应关系。

日期:2011-2-13
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:22:05
你也可以用汉语拼音字母顺序来打字印地语，记忆印地语字母读音和打字。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:23:03
你还可以用汉语400个音节表来打字印地语各种音节。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:25:24
最随心所欲的练习是你用汉语句子的汉语拼音来打字汉语当时练习的心得体会文章。打字成印地语句子。这样练习打字速度实际上是比自己汉语打字速度还要快一些的。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:26:55
所以这些印地语字母表的内容，你只要复制下来就可以了。我们昨天已经将印地语字母单词打字练习制作了电子书发送到QQ群。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:28:15
在看这个教材的时候，你看看还有那个字母记忆不牢，那个字母自己不会打字就可以了。因为有的字母按照英语注音字母可能在印地语输入法打字不出来。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:30:14
比如：nna ण ,shh ष  
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:32:26
在看这个教材的时候，你看看还有那个字母记忆不牢，那个字母自己不会打字就可以了。因为有的字母按照英语注音字母可能在印地语输入法打字不出来
जे कान ज्हेगे जिओचई दे शिहोऊ ,नई कंकन है यू नागे जीमू जीई बुलाओ ,नागे जीमू जीजी बुहुई दाजी जिउ कई ल ,यिन्वेई यू ड जीमू अन्ज्हाओ यिन्ग्यु ज्हुयीं जीमू केनेंग जे यिन्दियु यु शुरुफा दाजी बुचुलाई .
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:33:44
बा पा मा फ द त न ला गा का हा जिया किया क्सिया जहा कहा शा रा ज़ का शा या व  
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:35:18
अह भ च ढ एह फह घ हह इह झ ख लह मह नह ओह फ कह ढ़ श थ उह वः वह क्स्ह यह जह  
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:36:23
你一边按照汉语拼音想的内容打字一边看印地语字母变化就可以记忆印地语了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:37:38
01 नमस्तते  greetings
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:38:52
第一章磁带和文本内容：
n this unit you will learn
how to Sl!!tJ who you are, greet people and Sl!!tJ goodbye
how to ask questions about things and people

Language points
the verb 'to be'
basic sentence constnJction
question fonnation

回复老百姓(445485034) 11:42:31
In this unit you will learn：
how to Say who you are, greet people and Say goodbye；
how to ask questions about things and people。

Language points：
the verb 'to be'；
basic sentence constnJction；
question fonnation。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:42:51
这些都需要进行修改。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:43:41
1 Saying hello，
2 Who and how people are，
My and mine，
Yes/ no questions，
you，
Practise what you've learnt，
3 This and that; he, she, and it。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:44:08
4 More questions:
What's this?
Raju meets his new neighbour, Javed
Exercise 1a
Exercise 1b
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 11:46:27
第一章的内容主要有这些。这是课文正是内容。我们辅导的时候，主要是如何进行打字印地语句子。你看着英语句子将印地语句子快速打字出来了，就基本上可以做到理解句子意思，记住印地语句子的读音，这就是认字句子的方法是整句整段印地语打字练习。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:48:40
mai Gim hun. I am Geeta.
मैं फीते हूँ  .
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:49:52
main hindustani hun. I am Indian.
मैं हिन्दुसितानी हूँ .

回复老百姓(445485034) 11:51:38
mai igrez nam bU. I am not English.
main agrez nahin hun. I am not English.
मैं अग्रेज नहीं हूँ .
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:53:13
看到了吗，书上的英语读音字母不对，你打字出来的印地语就和印地语句子不一样，这说明书上是错的，或者你复制的时候出现乱码的错误了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:55:49
这个句子4个单词错了3个，我们在打字的时候就是验证有没有错误的。进行整理文本。整理完文本，你就学会了句子。你听磁带的时候都会理解的。因为就是读音和语序发生变化而已，实际上印地语既是英语，又是汉语。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:56:15
我们练习印地语，就可以听懂很多语言。就是这个原因。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:57:39
所以今后大家不要再学习很长时间才听懂一本外语了。我们要听什么外语，尽量想办法当时就要听懂，第一次听一门新的外语要想办法首次听懂。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:58:26
要想办法听懂一个语言，就能听懂很多语言。这样的方法，才是多语言学习法。
回复老百姓(445485034) 11:59:33
为什么这次整理没有印地语文本，实际上这样的更简练一些。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:00:39
每一个英语句子都是一篇课文。这样一章都是由十几节课文组成的一个磁带语音。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:04:31
02 our family
In this unit you wlll liean:
about masculinesand feminines,
about fonnal and infonnal,
ways of speaking to people.

Language points:
agreement of number and gender,
cardinal and ordinal numbers.

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:05:32
1 Gender matters:
Practise what you've learnt;
all of the nouns have a gender;
Some adjectives never change;
Role play.

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:06:16
2 Number:
Two types of masculine noun;
Two types of feminine noun;
fill the gapl;
Practising some plurals;
Some numbers;
Bingo;
Ordinal numbers: first, second, third.
Ordinal numbers quiz.

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:07:07
3 Getting familiar.
4 Getting formal:
RaJu JI, Oeeta ji;
We and our;
Javed asks Raju about his family;
Exercise 2a;
Exercise 2b;
Exercise 2c;
Glossary.

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:07:46
第二章的内容主要由这十几部分内容组成。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:09:46
我们辅导的方法是大家整理文本，整理哪段眼睛看文本的内容，实际上磁带主要是印地语句子读音，课文上的内容有英语讲解，是不完全一样的英印双语磁带。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:10:07
我们练习的主要的压码看清文本。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:11:37
每节课内容，你如果眼睛跟丢了，可以继续回来一段听读音和文本对上号，起码是段落对上，你主要关注的是印地语句子就可以了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:12:02
这样练习的你就可以直接听懂磁带了。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:12:47
03 In the room
1 some more questions
2 where?on the table
3 case
at school
at home

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:14:05
In this unit you will learn:
to say where people and things are;
to describe things;
to talk about ownership.

Language points:
postpositions and case;
word order.

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:14:51
1 Some more questions:
What's this like?
Some questions for you.
2 Where? On the table:
Practise what you've learnt;
At home, at school, at work;
Word order;
Where's the cat?
Do you have ...

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:15:20
3 Case:
Plural nouns In the oblique case;
Sitting and lying;
House for rent;
Geeta's story;
two tasks for you;
A word that hates to be misplaced;
At school.


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:15:37
At home
Exercise 3a
Exercise 3b
Glossary
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:16:07
第三章主要有这些课文内容的题目。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:16:53
这个课文的信息量很大，但是你很容易听懂，基本上就和听英语的感觉差不多。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:17:38
04 have some tea
1 giving orders and making requests
  2 telling, saying, speaking, asking
  3 routine events
Javed and Raju get to know each other
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:19:09
In this unit you will lean:
how to make l'8Quests and give commands
how to describe everyday events and habits
Language points:
imperative verbs
imperfective present tense

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:19:24
1 giving oders and make requests
Practise what you've learnt
The infinitive as a command
Some conversational gambits
2 Telling, saying, speaking, asking
Practise what you've learnt
OBJECI'S
ADVERBS
VERBS

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:19:37
3 Routine events
Where do you live? What do you do?
What's this called?
Find the matching pairs of sentences
Language about language
Negative verbs
Javed and Raju get to know each other

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:19:49
Exercise 4a
Exercise 4b
Exercise 4c
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:20:02
这是第四章的内容题目。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:20:34
05 what do you want?
1 obliques again
2 what do you like, what do you want?
Pratap goes shopping
3 availability - 'to get, to find'
4 revision!
Raju visits a hotel

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:21:30
to talk about likesand needs
expressions for 'to get' and
'to know'
Language points
• oblique-case expressions
• imperfective of 'to be'

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:21:44
1 Obliques again
Geeta talks to her children
2 What do you like, what do you want?
Liking things
Needing and wanting things
Knowing things

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:21:55
3 Availability - 'to get, to find'
Practise what you've learnt
WHAT'S AVAILABLE
WHERE TO FIND TT/THEM
The general and the particular
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:22:08
4 Revisionl
Some hints on learning
Raju visits a hotel
Quantities
Exercise 5a
Exercise 5b
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:22:29
这是第五章的内容题目。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:23:17
06 what work do you do?
1 possession and 'to have'
2 the Sharma family
ManoJ Introduces Pratap to his father
3 you can go
there's nobody In the house
4 let me go!

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:23:49
In this unit you wlllieam
   how to talk about reIatIonships
   how to ask about people's
ages
   how to say 'I can' and 'let me'
Language points
   possessives
   verb stem and infinitive

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:24:01
1 Possession and 'to have'
2 The Sharma family
How old are you?
Someone is here
Manoj introduces Pratap to his father
Some questions for you
Practise what you've learnt

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:24:12
3 You can go
There's nobody in the house
True or false?
4 Let me gol
Turning '. want to' into 'let me'
Manoj has a dream
Turning '. want to' into 'let me'

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:24:22
Exercise 6a
Exercise 6b
Exercise 6c
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:24:37
这是第六章的内容题目。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:25:08
07 the Past
1 in the past
2 getting specific
3 a shortcut
4 adding emphasis

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:25:36
In this unit you wlllieam
  how to talk about memories
and routine events in the past
  how to add nuance to what
you say
Language points
   past imperfective tenses
   direct objects
   use of emphatics

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:25:48
1 In the past
Memories of Varanasi
Notes
Some question about Jagdish's memories
2 Getting specific
3 A shortcut
Raju recalls some childhood experiences

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:25:57
4 Adding emphasis
Exercise 7a
Exercise 7b
Glossary


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:26:20
这是第七章磁带的文本题目内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:26:54
08 what's happening?
1 comparisons: bigger and smaller
2 continuous tense: '-ing' verbs
Gaeta phones home
3 Raju is reading 'his own' newspaper
revising with Gopal and Jagdlsh
4 these days, in and out, up and down

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:27:18
In this unit you will learn
how to make comparisons
a tense for describing what's going on right now
how to say how things happen

Language points
• comparatives and supertatlves
continuous tenses
adverbs and postpositions

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:27:30
1 comparisons: biggerler and smailler
Four children
2 Continuous tense: '-ing' verbs
Geeta phones home
Practise what you've learnt
The verbs we've met so far
3 Raju is reading 'his own' newspaper
Revising with Gopal and Jagdish

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:27:40
True or false?
The PM writes back
4 These days, in and out, up and down
About adverbs and postpositions
Practise what you've learnt
Exercise 8a
Exercise 8b
Exercise 8c
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:27:52
这是第八章的学习内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:28:46
09 In the future
1 the Mure tense
what will you do tomorrow?
the days ahead
2 its and maybes
Javed calls on Raju
3 so that, in order that
4 how long does it take?


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:29:15
In this unit you will learn
how to talk about the future
how to use 'if' expressions
how to express doubts and possibilities

Language points
future tenses
conditional clauses
SUbjunctive mood

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:29:26
1 The future tense
What will you do tomorrow?
Practise what you've learnt
Reported speech and 'would'
The days ahead
Geeta's diary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:29:36
2 Ifs and maybes
Javed calls on Raju
A suggestion or a command?
I want to... II want you to ...
Practise what you've learnt
3 So that, in order that
Did you know?

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:29:46
4 How long does it take?
Exercise 9a
Exercise 9b
Exercise 9c
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:30:01
这是第九章的学习内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:30:35
10 what happened?
1 the past tense
2 transitivity
3 other perfective tenses
4 sit and rest - linking two actions

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:31:21
In this unit you will learn
how to describe past events
how to link connected actions in a sequence

Language points
perfective tenses
transitivity
absolutives

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:31:32
1 The past tense
Coming and going
What happened then?
Practise what you've learnt
2 Transitivity
What happened at the party?
How many did you see?

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:31:43
Some special pronouns ...
And some special verbs
What did Geeta see?
A particular object
3 Other perfective tenses
Raju's version of the morning
Practise what you've learnt

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:31:52
Oeeta's version of the morning
4 Sit and rest - linking two actions
What really happened that morning
Exercise 10a
Exercise 10b
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:32:11
这是第十章磁带文本的学习内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:32:50
11 It Is said that •••
1 a verb with many meanings
2 finding the way in Vllaspur
3 it is said that •.• the passive is easy
4 you should read this - obligations
5 you must read this - stronger obligations

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:33:21
In this unit you will learn
how to say 'should' and 'must'
how to describe things being done
how to give directions

Language points
obligation expressions
passive verbs

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:33:31
1 A verb with many meanings
2 Finding the way in Vilaspur
True or false?
3 It is said that... the passive is easy
India: states and languages
Practise what you've learnt
Agreement all round

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:33:40
Any tense can have a passive verb
What's the passive for?
Sharma jl ln his shop
Did you know?
4 You should read this - obligations
Your help is needed

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:33:51
5 You must read this - stronger obligations
What's on today
Exercise 11a
Exercise 11b
Exercise 11c
Glossary

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:34:06
这是第十一章的学习内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:34:37
12 health and style
1 'j-words' and relative clauses
2 getting things done - causatives
a visit to the doctor
3 parts of the body
4 shades of meaning
5 style in Hindi
6 numbers
7 time

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:01
In this unit you will learn
how to talk about getting things done by others
ways of adding nuance to what you say
tenns for health matters

Language points
relative clauses
causative verbs
compound verbs

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:11
1 'J-words' and relative clauses
Hiralal helps us out
True or false?
A crossword puzzle
ACROSS
DOWN

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:21
2 Getting things done - causatives
Verb triplets
Practise what you've learnt
Did you know?
A visit to the doctor
3 Parts of the body
The doctorasksyou somequestions

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:30
4 Shades of meaning
I've already done this
Old you manage to do this?
5 Stylein Hindi
6 Numbers
7 Time
Months

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:41
exercise 12a
exercise 12b
exercise 12c
exercise 12d
Glossary


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:35:59
这是第十二章的学习内容
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:37:09
key to the exercises
Hindi-English vocabulary
English-Hindi vocabulary
glossary of grammatical terms
index

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:37:52
key to the exercises
Unit 1
What's this?
Unit 2
Role play
Ordinal numbers quiz
2a
2b
2c

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:03
Unit 3
Some questions for you
Where's the cat?
House for rent
Two tasks for you
3a
3b

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:12
Unit 4
Practise what you've learnt
kya yah chop larki tumhari bahin hai?
4a
4b
4c

日期:2011-2-13
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:24
Unit 5
5a (sample answers)
5b

Unit 6
You can go
Turning 'I want' into 'let me'
6a
6b (sample answers)
6c

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:39
Unit 7
Some questions about Jagdish's memories
7a
7b
7c

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:48
Unit 8
Four children
Practise what you've learnt
8a
8b
8c (sample answers)

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:38:58
Unit 9
Practise what you've learnt (sample answers)
Geeta's diary
9a
9b
9c


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:39:07
Unit 10
Practise what you've learnt
How many did you see?
What did Geeta see?
Geeta's version of the morning
10a
10b


回复老百姓(445485034) 12:39:18
Unit 11
India: states and languages
Sharma ji In his shop
Your help is needed
11a
11b
11c

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:39:27
Unit 12
Practise what you've learnt
The doctor asks you some questions
12a
12b (sample answers)
12c
12d

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:40:19
这是1-12章练习的内容题目，共分12个练习单元。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:41:33
词汇表:Hindi-English vocabulary
English-Hindi vocabulary
hind-english
KEY
DICTIONARY ORDER
english-hind
KEY

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:42:05
这是英语到印地语和印地语到英语的词汇表。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:43:27
glossary of grammatical terms
adjective
adverb
agreement
case
conjunction
continuous
direct

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:43:39
gender
Imperfe~lve
perfective .
Intransitive verb
noun
number
Infinitive

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:43:48
object
oblique
participle
passive
perfective
possessive
postposition

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:43:57
pronoun
relative
stem
subject
subjunctive
transitive
verb

回复老百姓(445485034) 12:44:15
这是本书的语法部分内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:44:27
index
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:45:18
这是最后部分个内容的章节索引内容。
回复老百姓(445485034) 12:45:51
本书学习内容标题整理完毕。
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:00:31
ट+ट=द्द छुद्दी  chutti holiday
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:01:32
这个字特别难打，是凑出来的
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:04:07
चुद्दी chuddi
छुट्टी chutti
छु chu द्दी ddi

回复老百姓(445485034) 22:05:34
想直接打字出来छुद्दी不容易，只能两个字拼在一起打字chu ddi。
回复老百姓(445485034) 22:13:11
ट+ठ=ट्ठ चिट्ठी citthi letter
这个字应该是ट在上ठ在下，चिटठीchitthi还是无法做到t在上th在下，不过可能这样也算对。翻译软件上的这个字也是这样的。

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:08:32
自学印地语教程整理
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:10:20
上接目录部分
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:10:46
introduction
Welcome to Beginner's Hindi!
Is this the right course for you?
The Sharma family
script and pronunciation
The recordings
Where does this book lead?

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:03
Welcome to Beginner's Hindi!
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:14
Welcome to Beginner's Hindi!
Is this the right course for you?
This course is designed for people who want a structured but userfriendly
introduction to Hindi, whether studying alone or in a class. It
aims to get you into the world of real Hindi as quickly as possible. Each
of the twelve units prepares you for some new social or practical
situations while also introducing the grammar gradually and simply.
We begin with simple statements and questions using the verb 'to
be'; then the various tenses and other structures are explained,
steadily increasing the range of contexts that you can deal with.
There are plentiful examples and exercises; all numbered questions
are provided with answers, either immediately after the questions, or
at the back of the book. The book often addresses you directly,
asking questions about you and encouraging you to use the language
as you learn it. The carefully graded vocabulary for each unit comes
at the end, with full Hindi-English and English-Hindi glossaries
bringing it all together at the back of the book.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:40
The Sharma family

Most of the dialogues are based on the various members of the
Sharma family, who live in Agra: Geeta (a doctor) and her husband
Raju (a teacher), their children Manoj, Ram and Meena - and a dog,
Moti. Because we're dealing with a set of known characters, it's easy
to see the different levels of formality that are an important feature of
Hindi: for example, we hear the children being addressed less
formally than adults and strangers. One or two subsidiary characters,
such as Pratap (a student visiting England), also appear in the book
Teach Yourself Hindi, which gives a more detailed introduction to
the language.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:11:57
script and pronunciation
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:08
The Hindi script, called 'Devanagari', is an extremely systematic
writing system: each character represents a particular sound, making
it the perfect guide to pronunciation. Although a 'roman'
transliteration is given throughout the book, the small effort required
to learn Devanagari is very well worthwhile!
Listen out for two important contrasts in pronunciation. The first is
between 'retroflex' consonants (pronounced with the tongue
touching the roof of the mouth, giving a 'hard' sound of the kind
associated with Indian pronunciations of words like 'doctor') and
'dental' consonants (pronounced with the tongue touching the upper
teeth, giving a 'soft' sound as in an Italian pronunciation of 'I tali a').
The second contrast is between 'unaspirated' and 'aspirated'
consonants, such as the pair क ka and ख kha - the first is much less
'breathy' than the second. Vowel sounds are very 'clean': the vowel
ए  e is more like the vowels in French 'ete' than in English 'mayday'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:20
The recordings
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:31
This book is accompanied by recordings which will help bring the
language alive for you. They introduce the sounds of Hindi, present
the dialogues and other features from the book, and go beyond the
book with several further listening and speaking exercises that will
build your confidence in using Hindi in real conversations. Pause the
recording whenever you need time to think, and practise imitating the
Hindi voices as closely as possible, speaking out loud.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:44
Where does this book lead?
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:12:54
After finishing this book, you may like to look at Teach Yourself
Hindi, by Rupert Snell with Simon Weightman: this gives more
detail on the grammar, and plenty of reading practice. The web-based
course A Door into Hindi (www.ncsu.eduIproject/hindiJessons) has
an interactive approach to the learning process; and Hindi films also
offer a brilliant way of getting to know the language and the culture
it expresses. Most importantly of all, you will find some 400 million
Hindi-speakers waiting to talk to you: start speaking Hindi today!
Dictionaries: Rupert Snell's Beginner's Hindi DictionaIYis designed
for learners and gives a lot of help with sentence formation, while the
Oxford Hindi-English DictionaIY by R.S. McGregor is what you
need if you want to start reading Hindi newspapers and magazines,
many of which are available on the internet.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:13:14
The Hindi script and sounds
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:13:24
Aspiration
Devanagari: the basic characters
Independent vowel forms ('vowel characters')
Consonants
Dependent vowel forms
The consonants
Thevowels
Conjunct characters
Nasals
Other signs
Loanwords from English
Silent 'Inherent vowels'

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:13:58
The Hindi script and sounds
Although a roman transliteration is provided for all the Hindi in this book, learning to read and write the Devanagari script is extremely worthwhile. Its phonetic basis makes it really easy to learn; and if you're in India, being able to read the Hindi all around you in signs and posters will bring its own reward, even before you start reading

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:14:11
more ambitiously. As you begin to learn Devanagari, there's a very useful web-based 'Hindi script tutor' to help you learn the characters and their sounds: http://www.avashy.comIhindiscripttutor.htm; this  website, devised by Richard Woodward, teaches and tests the script inter-actively, and demonstrates the sounds of Hindi. And for a detailed introduction to Devanagari, see Rupert Snell, Beginner's Hindi Script (Hodder & Stoughton, 2000).

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:14:23
The best way to learn the script is to copy out each character several times, pronouncing its sound as you do so. Start with the consonants. Each basic consonant is actually a complete syllable: for example the sign 'क  stands for not just the consonant 'k' but the whole syllable 'ka'; it will sound similar to the first syllable of the word 'cup'. The 'a' vowel is always there unless replaced by some other vowel indicated by a special vowel sign. More on this later: for now, concentrate on copying and learning the consonants.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:14:35
Write on lined paper, with the top line of the character falling on the printed line, and the rest of the character hanging below.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:14:45
Aspiration
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:15:01
In the descriptions of the Hindi sounds you'll see many references to 'aspiration' - the amount of breath that escapes from the mouth when a sound is spoken. In English, the initial 'k' of 'kick' is strongly aspirated, the closing 'ck' much less so. In Hindi, such differences are represented by pairs of consonants such as क  ka
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:15:14
(unaspirated) and ख kha (aspirated). English consonants fall halfway between the two, so you'll have to make a special effort to cut back your aspiration for the one, and increase it for the other! All these things are best dealt with by listening to the recordings, and/or by asking a Hindi-speaker to demonstrate them for you.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:15:26
On the facing page you'll find all the main characters of the script set  out in a table; then each character is set out separately with its handwritten equivalent, and a note on pronunciation. The consonants are dealt with first (as is the tradition), though in dictionary order the vowels precede the consonants.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:15:39
Devanagari: the basic characters
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:15:54
Independent vowel forms ('vowel characters')
अa   आ aa  इi  ई ii
उu  ऊ uu  ऋ ri
एe  ऐ ai ओ  o औ  au

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:16:06
Consonants
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:16:16
कka  खkha  गga घ gha
चca  छ cha जja  झ jha
टta  ठtha   डda ढdha  णna
तta  थtha   दda धdha  नna
पpa  फpha  बba भbha  मma
यya  रra   लla  वva
शsha  षsha सsa  हha

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:16:30
Dependent vowel forms
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:16:40
('vowel signs', based on क  as an example)
क ka काkaa किki कीkii
कुku कूkuu कृkri
केke कैkai कोko कौkau

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:16:51
The consonants
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:02
The consonants
क ka As in 'skin'; minimum aspiration.
क.qa Further back in the throat than undotted Cifi
(many speakers say 'ka' for both).
खा  kha Aspirated version of क ka.
ख. kha Like the 'ch' in Scottish 'loch'.
ग ga As in 'gift'.
गा.ga A more guttural version of the above.
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:14
घ  gha Aspirated version ग ; like the 'g h' in 'dog-house'.
A single sound.
च ca As in 'cheap',but with the tongue positioned
sound in 'tube'.
छ cha Aspirated form of the above.
ज् ja As in 'jeep'.
ज़ za   As in 'zip'.
झ jha  Aspirated form of ज ja.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:25
The next seven consonants are 'retroflex': the tongue curls back to the palate (front part of the roof of the mouth), making a hard sound.


回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:36
ट t.a As in 'try', but harder.
ठ t.ha Aspirated version of the above.
ड d.a As in 'dry', but harder.
  r.aThe tongue flicks past (rather than resting on)the retroflex position.
ढ d.ha Aspirated version of ड ja.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:45
ढ़  rha Aspirated version of डra
ण naa An on' sound in the retroflex position .

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:17:58
The next five consonants are 'dental': the tongue touches the upper
(many speakers say 'ka' for both). teeth, making a soft sound.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:18:08
त ta As the first 't' in 'at the', very soft
थ tha Aspirated version of the above
द da As in 'breadth', very soft.
ध dha Aspirated version of the above
न na As in 'anthology'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:18:19
'SONI DENTALCHAMBER:[FALS-]TEETHAND SPECTACLE-maker Ironically, the English word 'dental' is spelt with retroflex ड and टin this signboard, whereas the Hindi word दांत dat
  tooth' has two dentals!

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:18:30
Now we come to 'labials', consonants produced with the lips
प pa Much less aspiration than in 'pin'.
फ pha Aspirated version of the above
ब ba As in 'bun'.
भ bha Aspirated version of the above
म ma As in 'moon'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:18:43
Now for a sequence of four characters called 'semi-vowels';
य ya As in 'yes'.
र ra As in 'roll' - but lightly rolled
ल la As in 'lullaby', but softer, more dental.
व va Neither a buzzy sound as in 'visa', nor as
  rounded as in 'we', but  halfway between.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:00
We're nearly done. Here are three 'sibilants':
श sha As 'sh' in 'ship'; pronounced's' in some
regional accents.


回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:11
ष shaa Strictly speaking a 'cerebral' (in which the tongue touches a high point in the roof of the mouth); but usually pronounced 'sh', the same as the previous character, श s'a. It occurs in loanwords from Sanskrit only
स sa as in sip
and finally an aspirate:
ह ha as in help

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:22
You'll have noticed that some characters have 'dotted' versions: these are for sounds which go beyond the range of Sanskrit, the classical language for which the script was first devised. They are क़ qa,ख() kha ,ग़ग़ ga. ज़  z.a,

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:32
and r.a (typically for words borrowed from Arabic and Persian) and ड(). r.a ढ़ rha (late developers in the long history of Indian anguages). These characters are not distinguished in dictionary order from their undotted equivalents. The showing of dots in print is often rather haphazard - but not in this book!

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:43
Remember that each consonant contains an inherent 'a' vowel as part of the deal. But it's important to notice that this 'inherent vowel' is not pronounced at the end ofa word: thus the word for 'all',सब ,reads sab (not 'saba'), and the word for 'simple', सरल , reads saral (not 'sarala'). Armed with this information you can now read and write these words:

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:19:55
कब kab when?  
जब jab when
तब tab then
पर par but; on
फल phal fruit
मन man mind  
सब sab all
हम ham we, us

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:20:07
कलम qalam pen
गरम garam warm
तरफ taraf direction
नमक namak salt
महल mahal palace
शहर sahar town
सड़क  sarak street
सरल saral   simple

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:20:18
In the words महल  mahal and शहर   shahar, the ह्  ha has the effect of 'lightening' the adjacent vowels, making them sound more like the 'e' in 'mend' than the 'u' in 'mundane' (this will vary somewhat from speaker to speaker). Elsewhere, Hindi is remarkably free of such contextual changes: the Hindi script is a 'what you see is what you get' system.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:20:28
Thevowels
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:20:40
A vowel sign is used when a vowel follows a consonant. It's a small mark that is added to the consonant, and it replaces the 'a' that is otherwise present as the inherent vowel. The examples below show the vowel 'e' added to the consonants "कka,ख kha, गga and घgha.
के ke  कहे khe  गे ge  घे ghe
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:20:52
here now is the full range of such vowel signs,based on क  -

का kaa A long vowel, as in 'calm'.
कि ki A short vowel, as in 'kipper'.
की kii A long version of the above, as in 'keep
कु ku Short, as in 'put'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:08
कू kuu A long version of the above, as in 'food'.
कृ  kri. A very short 'ri'  sound, as in 'thrill'.It only occurs in Sanskrit loanwords.
के ke Like the French e in 'ete'; not a rounded sound as in English 'payday'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:19
कै kai Similar to the vowel in 'cap', but flatter
को ko A pure '0', less rounded than in 'cold'.
कौ kau  Similar to the vowel in 'hot'.
And here's some more reading and writing practice:

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:30
कान kan car
कृपाkrpa kindness
खड़ा (khada) khara standing
चाय(chaay) cay tea
तोता tota parrot
दुकान dukan shop
दूरduur  far

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:41
पानी pani water
भारत bharar India
माकन makan house
वाराणसी varnasi ( varanaasi)Vaenasi
सितार sitar sitar
सौ  sau hundred
है hai is

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:21:52
At this point you should practise writing out these vowel signs attached to all the consonants until they become really familiar.
These vowel signs can only be used when they have a consonant sign to cling to. In other positions, such as at the beginning of a word, the vowel is written with a vowel character. The first in the list is the 'inherent' vowel:
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:02
अ a
आ aa
इ i
ई ii
अब ab mow
आज aaj today
इधर idhar over here
ईरान (iiran) iran Iran

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:14
उ u  उधर udhar over ther
ऊ uu ऊपर upar up
ऋ ri  ऋण (rinn) r.n. debt
ए e  एक ek one
ऐ ai ऐसा aisa such
ओ o  ओर or direction
औ au और aur and

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:26
And here are three words in which vowel characters appear as the second of two  equential vowels (i.e. neither at the beginning of a word nor after a consonant):

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:36
कई kai 'several' -ई i follows the syllable "क ka;
उबाऊ  ubau 'boring' - ऊ  uu follows the syllable बाba;
बनाओ banao 'make' - ओ  o follows the syllable ना naa.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:48
Conjunct characters
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:22:58
When two consonant sounds come together without an intervening vowel, we have to cancel or 'kill off' the inherent vowel of the first consonant. For example, in the word 'Hindi' there is no 'a' betw the 'n' and the 'd', so a shortened form of the first consonant, न , is physically joined to the second consonant, द, giving हिन्दी  hindii.
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:12
क+य =क्य  क्या kya what?
च+च =च्च बच्चा bacca child
च+छ=च्छ अच्छा accha good
ल+ल=लल बिल्ली billi cat
स+त=सत  हिन्दस्तानी hindustiini Indian

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:22
Conjuncts beginning with द  da can be hard to recognize:
द +द =द्द  रद्द  radd cancelled
द +म =द्म पद्मा padma lotus
द +य =य  विद्या vidya knowledge
द +व =द्व  द्वारdvaar gateway

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:32
When र is the first character of a compound it turns into a little curl (called रेफ  reph) above the second character:

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:42
र+क=र्क़  फर्क farq difference
र+थ=रथ  अर्थ arth meaning
र+द=र्द  दर्द dard pain
र+म=र्मा सर्मा sarma Sharma
र+थ=र्थी (rthi) विद्यार्थी   vidyarthi student

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:23:53
The reph comes at the very end of the syllable in words like शर्मा   sharma (where it's above the vowel sign T) and like विद्यार्थी vidyarthi (where it's above the vowel sign T).
When र  is the second character of a compound it turns into a little slanting line, tucked into a convenient nook of the first character:

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:06
ग +र =ग्र सिग्रेट sigret cigarette
द+र=द्र द्रोही  drohi hostile
प+र=प्र प्रदेश prades state, region
See what happens when no nook is available:
ट+र=ट्र ट्रेन t.ren train
ड+र =द्र ड्रामा d.rama drama

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:17
some conjuncts stack vertically:
ट+ट=द्द छुद्दी  chutti （chu+ddi） holiday
ट+ठ=टठ चिटठी chitthi letter
क+त=क्त भक्ति  bhakti devotion
क + श=क्ष  रक्षा protection

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:29
Most conjuncts are easy to read, but there are some in which the
conjunct has limited resemblance to its component parts, and these
have to be learnt as new characters in their own right:
क+त=क्त भक्ति  bhakti devotion
क + ष=क्ष    रक्षा   rakashaa protection

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:39
त+त =त्   कुत्ता kutta dog
त+र=त्र   मित्र mitr friend
द+भ=द्भ  अद्भुत adbhut wondrous
ह्+म =ह्म ब्रह्मा Brahma Brahma (a deity)

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:24:51
The rare character जन  jna is a conjunct of ज  with ना na, a nasal consonant (like the first 'n' in 'onion') that is not shown in our table because it never occurs alone; jna is usually pronounced 'gy'.When pronouncing doubled consonants, just 'hold' the sound momentarily, as in distinguishing 'night train' from 'night rain'.Practise with कुत्ता  kutta 'dog', बिल्ली  billi 'cat', बच्च bacca 'child'.

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:00
Nasals
回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:08
A nasalized vowel is produced by diverting part of the breath through
the nose: speak while pinching your nose to hear what it sounds like!
Nasalization is marked with a sign called candrabindu, 'moon-dot':

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:18
हाँ   han yes
कहाँ kahan where?
यहाँ yahan here
If there's a vowel sign above the top line, there won't be room for the moon (candra) , so the dot (bindu) is used alone:
नहीं nahin no
कहीं kain somewhere
यहीं yahin right here

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:29
Nasalizing a vowel can change.the meaning, as with है  hai 'is' and है hai 'are'. Similarly, while यहीं  yahin means 'right here', यही  yahi means 'this one, this very one' - a completely different word!

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:39
Our little dot has a second function also (here with a new name -'anusviir');it can be used to indicate an 'n' or 'm' when such a letter is the first element of a conjunct:
अंडा=अणडा anda egg
हिंदी =हिन्दी hindi Hindi
लंबा=लम्बा lamba long, tall

回复老百姓(445485034) 23:25:51
Other signs
The word दु :ज्ख  duhkh sorrow' includes the colon-like sign called 'visarga'; this rare sign indicates a lightly pronounced 'h' sound.In situations where it's not possible or convenient to write or print a conjunct, an inherent vowel can be cancelled by hanging a little line called 'viram' below it:     चड्डी caddi underpants'.