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中华网抓住机遇求重生

级别: 管理员
Chinadotcom Reshapes Itself

When chinadotcom Corp. went public in 1999, even the name seemed to imply that the company was on the cusp of two of the great trends of the moment -- the Internet and the booming Chinese economy.

Now, three years after the Internet bubble burst, chinadotcom is reshaping itself to ride the next big wave: software and data services in China.

After the dot-com collapse, the company's revenue slid by 50% and its stock fell from a high of $72.81 to a low of $1.89. Thursday it traded at $7.83. But chinadotcom executives clamped down on spending and were able to hold on to about $400 million of the $500 million it raised in its Nasdaq Stock Market offering.

Today, chinadotcom is using that cash to buy struggling software concerns in North America and Europe and bring their products to China. In some cases, it is moving software development to its lower-cost programmers in Shanghai. During the past four months, the company has agreed to spend about $145 million for three software firms and the license to one software product. The latest came together this week, when it won a three-way battle for Pivotal Corp. of Vancouver, British Columbia.
Chinadotcom's plan is to build a portfolio of software products to sell to China's surging manufacturing businesses, many of which still rely heavily on clipboards and carbon paper to manage information. In the process, the company hopes to gain application-development expertise it later can offer to overseas firms. However, chinadotcom has yet to see any significant revenue from its new ventures. And it is embarking on this strategy at a moment when overseas outsourcing services are coming under fire in the U.S., a factor that company executives acknowledge is a concern.

Chinadotcom is one of a growing number in China's software and services industry, which analysts say is positioned to take off in the manner that India's did in the 1990s. Tech consultancy Gartner Inc. estimates China will generate about $4 billion in such businesses this year, compared with $12 billion in India, which has spent a decade building an information-technology sector. By 2007, Gartner says, both countries will have software and services industries with revenue of about $27 billion.

That sector is a far cry from chinadotcom's roots. The company started in 1997 as a Web outlet for China's official news agency, Xinhua. But few people were willing to pay for Xinhua's news articles. So the enterprise turned to the portal business, forming a partnership with America Online and letting that relationship drive business strategy. It picked up valuable Web addresses, such as china.com, hongkong.com and taiwan.com, along the way. And it developed an online advertising network, selling ads on behalf of 450 Web sites.
The company listed shares on the Nasdaq in July 1999, becoming the first Chinese Web portal to go public. When investors soured on the Web, chinadotcom conserved its proceeds by clamping down on spending and cutting 1,500 of 2,500 employees.

Chairman Raymond Ch'ien and Chief Executive Peter Yip struggled to find a new direction for the company and, at a board meeting in the fall of 2001, they agreed to consider giving cash back to shareholders if they couldn't devise a viable new strategy. "We went back and said, 'What is our second chance? How can we leverage whatever we have left?' " Mr. Yip says.

They retreated from the online ad business and ended the AOL relationship. This September, Time Warner Inc., the successor to America Online Inc., sold its remaining stake in chinadotcom.

But one part of the old company had been doing well -- its Web consulting business. Executives decided to use it as a base for moving into software development.

In September, chinadotcom announced its first major purchase, the $70 million takeover of Ross Systems Inc. of Atlanta, which produces financial-reporting software. It also was hit hard in the tech-industry downturn; revenue for the year ended June 30 was $48.1 million, down more than 50% from $106.1 million in 1999. The companies expect to close the deal in the first quarter of 2004.

If it closes its pending acquisitions as expected, chinadotcom next year will more than double in size to about $250 million in revenue and likely will build on this year's marginal profit.

"In 2004, we want to validate what we've done," Mr. Ch'ien says. While chinadotcom will keep looking at deals, he adds, "basically, we're not hungry anymore."
中华网抓住机遇求重生

香港企业家钱果丰(Raymond Ch'ien)和叶克勇(Peter Yip)在1999年将他们的公司中华网(Chinadotcom Corp.)公开上市。那时,即便从公司名称上似乎也能看出他们希望成为两股时代潮流--国际互联网和蓬勃兴起的中国经济--的弄潮儿。

但是,在该公司上市后的第二年,互联网经济的泡沫破灭,让公司发展失去了可依靠的大环境。在2000年的那斯达克市场上,该公司股价从72.81美元的高点跌至不足10美元。等到了2001年该公司收入从9,100万美元下降到4,600万美元的时候,其股价更是跌至1.89美元的低点。该公司也将员工从2,500人裁减到1,000人以下。钱果丰表示,那是非常令人痛苦的经历。在本文刊登时,该公司的股价为7.95美元。

在两年前于伦敦召开的董事会会议上,公司同意如果无法开发出新的可行性业务战略,公司将考虑把现金归还给股东。现在,公司决定用他们通过股票发行募集的5亿美元资金中剩余的4亿美元从事软件和外包业务。在这方面,中国仍然有广阔的市场。

在过去的4个月中,中华网一直在挥舞手中的支票,大肆收购欧洲和美国的软件开发公司。它已经同意签署4桩交易,总价值约1.25亿美元。最新一桩交易发生在12月初,中华网在一场三方争夺的收购战中胜出,将成功地收购位于加拿大温哥华的软件开发公司Pivotal Corp.。

一些分析人士认为,看到过去10年内印度在开发软件和外包业务方面取得的成就,中国也准备效仿。根据科技咨询公司Gartner的数据,中国今年来自软件开发及服务方面的收入将达到40亿美元左右,低于印度的120亿美元。Gartner预计,到2007年,中国和印度的软件及外包服务市场都将达到270亿美元,但由于越来越多的印度公司被中国的成本优势所吸引,预计印度企业的业务量可能仅为中国业务量的40%。届时,两国合计的市场将占世界软件及技术服务行业的四分之一左右。

中华网从互联网门户网站向软件开发商转型,目的正是让公司做好准备,以从中分一杯羹。其实,无独有偶,像中华网这样在互联网泡沫破灭后采取业务转型战略的还有许多其他亚洲科技公司。

比如说,在2000年上市的香港公司Tom.com。它在推出时和中华网一样都是门户网站,希望未来能从中国成千上万的网络用户身上赚钱。但那种情况并没有出现,到2002年,公司用其通过股票发行募集的资金收购了许多大陆的户外广告公司,已经基本上变成了一家户外广告商。今年,Tom.com从美国在线时代华纳公司(Time Warner)手中收购了一家电视台CETV的控股权。

另外,香港的电讯盈科(PCCW)最初是希望做互联网和电视混合经营的公司。但现在,公司的主要业务仍然停留在固定线路电话上,是香港最大的固定线路电话服务供应商。
中华网创始于1997年,当时是作为中国官方通讯社新华社(Xinhua news agency)的网站推出的。但愿意为新华社的新闻付费的客户非常少。因此,中华网转做门户网站,与美国在线(America Online, AOL)结成伙伴关系,并依靠这种关系来发展经营战略。公司获得了一些很有价值的域名,比如china.com、hongkong.com和taiwan.com等。同时,公司还发展了一些辅助性的业务,包括帮助企业建立网站,以及建立了一个能在450个不同网站上刊登广告的在线广告网络等。

随著互联网泡沫的破灭,门户网站的业务也趋于凋零。但中华网和其他内地的门户网站一样,都转向了类似的手机服务业务。中华网继续在这方面投资,今年收购了两家大陆的短信服务公司。

但是,该公司的广告业务并没有像管理层预期的那样增长。从2002年年初开始,公司逐渐从这项业务中淡出。今年9月份,合并后的美国在线时代华纳公司出售了手中剩余的中华网股份。

但是,在众多业务滑坡的情况下,中华网管理人士注意到一项小业务一直在赚钱--网络咨询业务。在为汇丰银行(HSBC)、国泰航空(Cathay Pacific Airways)等企业创建网站和开发网络业务战略的过程中,这项业务发挥了至关重要的作用。

叶克勇表示,公司开始思考下一个机会在哪里,该怎样利用剩余的优势。叶克勇说,他们犯下的错误并没有让公司垮掉。

中华网的管理层决定了一项新战略,尝试开发咨询业务,提供软件开发及更多其他的服务。公司将在北美和欧洲收购软件公司,改造其产品并进军大陆市场。如果可能的话,把一部份软件开发业务搬到大陆,因为大陆编程人员的工资仅相当于西方国家的八分之一。

中华网将特别收购那些开发制造商软件的公司,因为他们相信中国迅速发展的制造业公司将会成为这类产品的潜在用户。

中华网已经完成了两项小型的交易,一桩是以2,500万美元收购了美国公司Industri-Matematik International Corp.的控股股权,另一桩是以数百万美元收购了欧洲公司CIP-Global ApS的企业情报软件产品。

中华网收购加拿大公司Pivotal将使其拥有客户关系管理软件。这种软件能帮助企业协调销售、营销和客户服务等环节。中华网最早从去年春天开始考虑与Pivotal的交易,但由于非典型肺炎(SARS)的爆发及收购Ross的交易影响,此事被搁置。

但到了10月份,Pivotal初步同意了Oak Investment Partners的收购报价。Oak Investment Partners计划与Talisma Corp.一道收购Pivotal。Talisma是位于美国的一家私人控股软件公司,在印度也拥有业务。几周以后,美国公司Onyx Software Corp.也提出了收购Pivotal的报价。

11月18日,中华网半路杀出,根据完成的尽职调查提出以5,000万美元'有条件'地收购Pivotal。但中华网提出要进一步实施尽职调查,这让Pivotal的董事们感到困惑,因此他们建议股东选择Oak。

中华网紧急召集了两家公司的股东,举行了电话会议。但即使到那时,在某些人看来,中华网也不像在认真提出收购报价。一位Pivotal的股东在电话会议上就提出了中华网是否真心收购的问题。

中华网加快了尽职调查的步伐,在11月底与客户、管理人士、审计人员和前公司雇员进行了会谈。在12月1日,中华网提出一个明确的报价。几天后,Onyx退出收购竞争,而Oak也于12月5日决定放弃收购。Pivotal的股东将在明年2月份就中华网的报价进行投票。

完成收购后,中华网明年的规模将增长一倍以上,收入将达到2.5亿美元左右。(该公司连续4个季度出现盈利,但增幅仅为单位数。)现在中华网的管理层要做的就是完成公司收购,并证明其决策的正确性,证明他们能够以新型的软件打开中国大陆市场和节约开发成本。

钱果丰表示,到2004年公司将证明其战略的正确性。他还补充说,尽管中华网仍将寻求交易的机会,但他们基本上不会再有大规模的收购行动。
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