Single market, single degree?
The European Masters in Management degree is becoming the degree of choice for Europe’s top employers, and French schools dominate the recruitment drive as well as the Financial Times ranking of European Masters in Management programmes.
The most powerful magnet for MSc graduates this year has been the City of London, where banks are paying a starting salary of ￡35,000 plus a sign-on bonus of ￡8,000 for top graduates. Those working in capital markets or investment banking could expect to double that in the first three years, giving them salaries similar to newly recruited MBAs. The starting salaries for MBAs in the City this year were ￡58,000.
Euromasters report 2006
2006 ranking
Top 10 listings
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Ellen Miller, managing director and head of European graduate recruitment and development at Lehman Brothers in London, says the demand for MSc graduates in banking has rocketed over the past two years and there is a growing interest in students for long internships.
Experience garnered in these internships, lasting for up to a year, are proving particularly popular with graduate recruiters. Alex Snelling, head of recruitment for UK and Ireland for L’Oréal, says the business experience gained, with the business acumen taught on the programmes and the number of languages graduates speak, have traditionally made the MScs from continental European business schools particularly attractive.
Schools such as ESCP-EAP and programmes such as Cems, ranked three and two in this year’s ranking, have built their reputation on requiring students to learn languages and study in different locations. Increasingly they are likely to see competition from other European schools.
This month, for example, the French business school EM Lyon announced it would launch a two-year European Master in Management degree with Aston Business School in the UK and LMU School of Management in Germany. The first intake will be in September 2007.
“The students will be taught in English but during the second year they will be able to take in the local language,” says Patrice Houdayer, director of EM Lyon’s Grande Ecole programme.
He believes the programme will be appropriate for the 2.4m bachelor degree holders who will graduate from Europe’s universities in 2010, when the Bolgna Accord is fully implemented. The accord, adopted by 45 countries, aims to develop a standard system of education based on the bachelor and master degree system rather than the longer five-year single degree system.
Eric Cornuel, director general of EFMD, the European accreditation body, is not so confident about implementation. “I wouldn’t say it is a mess, but people don’t see the full implications.” A recent EFMD survey of student perceptions of the Bologna reforms revealed that half the students surveyed had no in-depth knowledge of what they meant. Student confusion is perhaps unsurprising, as there are many interpretations of Bologna, says Davide Sola, UK director of ESCP-EAP. France and Italy, for example, have adopted a three-year bachelor and two-year master degree; Spain has opted for four years undergraduate and a one-year master programme; while Germany has opted for a three-year bachelor programme followed by an 18-month master system.
“At the end it will be up to the market to decide [which is successful]”, he says.
Meanwhile confusion between the MSc and MBA degrees still exist. Not only does the Parisian school Essec (see profile page 6) call its Grande Ecole programme an MBA, but there is overlap between other programmes.
Julien Guillemin, 25, this month graduated with both an MSc degree from the French school Audencia in Nantes, and an MBA from the University of Cincinnatti in the US, completing the final year of the Grande Ecole programme and the one year MBA programme simultaneously. He has returned to France to begin a career in the music industry.
The experience gave him the opportunity to compare the two types of degree. “They are more pragmatic in the US, there is less theory,” he says. “At Audencia we had more time to go deeply into subjects. On the MBA I was studying with people who had never studied business before.”
比MBA更吃香的学位
欧
洲管理硕士(European Masters in Management)学位正在成为欧洲顶级企业招聘员工时的首选，而法国的商学院不仅是招生主力，在英国《金融时报》的欧洲管理硕士课程排行榜中，也占据了大半江山。
对理学硕士(MSc)毕业生而言，今年最具吸引力的地方是伦敦金融城，在那里，银行支付的起薪为3.5万英镑，另外还向优秀毕业生支付8000英镑的签约奖。那些在资本市场或投资银行业工作的人，可以期望在头三年实现薪金翻倍，与新聘用的MBA毕业生的薪金相当。今年，金融城向MBA毕业生支付的起薪是5.8万英镑。
雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)驻伦敦的董事总经理兼欧洲毕业生招聘和发展工作主管埃伦?米勒(Ellen Miller)表示，在过去两年中，对银行业理学硕士毕业生的需求大幅飙升，同时能进行长期实习的学生也越来越吃香。
在这些实习期（最长可达1年）积累起来的经验，尤其受到毕业生招聘方的欢迎。欧莱雅(L’Oréal)英国及爱尔兰招聘主管亚历克斯?斯内林(Alex Snelling)表示，学生们在实习期获得的商业经验，加之管理硕士课程教给他们的商业敏锐性，及他们掌握多种语言的能力，往往使得来自欧洲大陆商学院的理学硕士特别受欢迎。
在英国《金融时报》今年的排名中，巴黎高等商学院-欧洲管理学院(ESCP-EAP)在同类院校中排名第三，欧洲管理学院协会(Cems)课程在同类课程中排名第二。像它们这样的商学院和课程以要求学生学习不同语言并且在不同地点学习而闻名。但它们可能会越来越多地遇到其它欧洲商学院的竞争。
例如，法国里昂商学院(EM Lyon)本月宣布，将与英国阿斯顿大学商学院(Aston Business School)和德国LMU管理学院(LMU School of Management)，推出一个两年制欧洲管理硕士学位课程。首批学生将于2007年入学。
法国里昂商学院Grande Ecole项目负责人帕特里斯?乌达耶(Patrice Houdayer)表示：“将用英语向学生们授课，但在第二年，他们将能够学习当地语言。”
他相信，到2010年，当《博洛尼亚协定》(Bologna Accord)全面实施时，这个课程将面向欧洲各大学240万名拥有学士学位的本科毕业生。由45个国家签约采纳的《博洛尼亚协定》，旨在发展一种标准的教育体系，采用学士加硕士学位模式，而非学时更长的5年制单一学位模式。
欧洲认证机构欧洲管理发展基金会(EFMD)总干事埃里克?科尼埃尔(Eric Cornuel)对于协定的实施不是很有信心。“虽然不能说是一团糟，但人们没有预料到全部影响。”欧洲管理发展基金会最近就学生们对《博洛尼亚协定》教育改革的理解进行了一项调查，结果显示，半数的受访学生对于改革的意义没有深入的了解。巴黎高等商学院-欧洲管理学院英国负责人达维德?索拉(Davide Sola)表示，学生们产生混淆，或许并不令人惊讶，因为各国对《博洛尼亚协定》有许多阐释。例如，法国和意大利采纳了3年制学士加2年制硕士的模式；西班牙选择了4年制本科加1年制硕士的模式；而德国选择了3年制学士课程加18个月硕士课程的体系。
他表示：“最终，将由市场决定（哪种模式是成功的）。”
同时，人们对这一理学硕士学位和MBA学位的理解混淆仍然存在。不仅巴黎的高等经济商业学院(Essec)称其Grande Ecole课程是一种MBA，而且与其它课程之间还有重叠。
25岁的朱利安?吉耶曼(Julien Guillemin)这个月毕业，同时完成了法国南特管理学院(Audencia)最后一年的Grande Ecole课程，和美国辛辛那提大学(University of Cincinnati)的1年制MBA课程，同时拿到了一个理学硕士学位和一个MBA学位。吉耶曼已回到法国，开始在音乐行业的职业生涯。
这种经历给了他比较两类学位的机会。“美国的课程更务实，理论课比较少，”他表示。“在南特管理学院，我们有更多时间深入课题之中。而在MBA课堂上，有些同学以前根本没有学过商务。”
