An Informal Learner
Carla learning Portuguese and German
Carla was a young woman who had held responsible secretarial positions in a large
organization in Brazil and West Germany. In each country she picked up the local
language with extraordinary success, mostly outside the classroom. After her return
to the United States, she took oral interview tests in Portuguese and German. Not
surprisingly, the tests showed that she made certain grammatical errors, and that
there were some subjects on which she could not talk at all. She was, however, able
to communicate fully and comfortably on matters related to everyday life. What was
even more impressive, the people who tested her reported that they felt almost as if
they were talking to a member of their own culture.
Because she was planning to return to Germany, Carla was placed in a class with
five people whose overall proficiency level was about the same as hers. Unlike her,
however, the other students had learned their German during the training program.
Also unlike Carla, they were officers or executives, or their wives.
Fēi zhèngshì xuéxí
Kǎ lā xuéxí pútáoyá yǔ hé déyǔ
Kǎ lā shì yī míng niánqīng nǚzǐ shuí céng fùzé mìshū zhíwèi dà
Zǔzhī zài bāxī hé xi dé. Zài měi yīgè guójiā, tā ná qǐ liǎo dàng de
Yǔyán yǔ fēifán de chénggōng, zhǔyào shi zài kètáng zhī wài. Tā huílái hòu
Dào měiguó, tā cānjiā le zài pútáoyá hé déguó de kǒushì cèshì. Bù
Qíguài de shì, cèshì biǎomíng, tā zuòchū le yīxiē yǔfǎ cuòwù, bìng
Yǒu yīxiē kēmù shàng, tā bùnéng tán de. Tā shì, dànshì, néng
Chōngfèn gōutōng hé shūshì de shēnghuó yǒuguān de shìxiàng. Shì shénme
Gèng lìng rén yìnxiàng shēnkè, tā de rén shuí jiǎnyàn bàogào shuō, tāmen juéde fǎngfú
Tāmen jiāotán de shì tāmen zìjǐ de wénhuà de chéngyuán.
Yīnwèi tā zhèng jìhuà fǎnhuí déguó, kǎ lā bèi ānzhì zài yī lèi yǔ
5 Rén, tāmen de zhěngtǐ nénglì shuǐpíng dàyuē yǔ tā yīyàng. Bù xiàng tā,
Dànshì, qítā xuéshēng xuéhuì le zài tāmen de déyǔ péixùn kèchéng.
Yě bù xiàng kǎ lā, tāmen rényuán huò guǎnlǐ rényuán, huò tāmen de qīzi.
你对比一下英语读音的文本和汉语翻译读音的拼音,你会发现二者的读音差远了,这就是没有翻译好的原因。不是英语的语音直译,所以这样的翻译是很不准确的。
但是你可以看着汉语拼音还原成英语文本读音,你如果这样做了,你会对任何的读音记忆的很清晰。
他们相同的地方在哪里?
你理解了英语在大脑产生了场景的图像,你理解了汉语的翻译也在大脑里面长生了一个场景的图像,你如果理解的不准确,这两个图像可能就是不同的,所以你在说英语的时候,你会提取不出来,就卡壳了,说不流利英语了。如果你英语可以产生图像,汉语也可以产生图像,你无论是英语还是汉语就都能顺利理解记忆和提取出来了。实际上你平时说英语的时候,就是在大脑里面看着原来的文本的读音顺序的文字图像来读出来的,当然你说的就流利了,英语和汉语之间就可以自然交换了。
英语读音的注音范例很多了,我给大家写一下汉语注音的字母,一个字母代表一个读音,一个读音就是声母和韵母的拼读的读音。
Fēi zhèngshì xuéxí 汉语注音:f zs xx, An Informal Learner英语注音:a fm ln
Kǎ lā xuéxí pútáoyá yǔ hé déyǔ 汉:kl xx pty y h dy Carla learning Portuguese and German 英:kl ln ptgs a gm
Kǎ lā shì yī míng niánqīng nǚzǐ shuí céng fùzé mìshū zhíwèi dà Zǔzhī zài bāxī hé xi dé 汉:kl s y m nq nz s c fz ms zw d zz, z bx h xd, Carla was a young woman who had held responsible secretarial positions in a large organization in Brazil and West Germany. 英:kl ws y wm, w hd hd rspsb sctr psrs i n(a) lg ognzt i nz a gm.
Zài měi yīgè guójiā, tā ná qǐ liǎo dàng de Yǔyán yǔ fēifán de chénggōng, 汉:z m yg gj,t n q l d d yy y ff d cg, In each country she picked up the local language with extraordinary success, 英: i ec ct s pc d(u)p t lc lgg wt extdnr sccs
zhǔyào shi zài kètáng zhī wài.汉: zy s z kt z w mostly outside the classroom 英:mstl otsd t clsrm
Tā huílái hòu Dào měiguó, 汉: t hl h d mg After her return to the United States 英: aft h rt t t untd sts
tā cānjiā le zài pútáoyá hé déguó de kǒushì cèshì.汉: t cj l z pty h dg d ks cs she took oral interview tests in Portuguese and German. 英: s tk or itv tst i ptgs a gm
Bù Qíguài de shì, 汉: b qg d s Not surprisingly 英: nt sprsl
cèshì biǎomíng, tā zuòchū le yīxiē yǔfǎ cuòwù, 汉: cs bm, t zc l yxl yf cw, the tests showed that she made certain grammatical errors, 英:t tst sw tt s md ct gmtc ers
bìng Yǒu yīxiē kēmù shàng, tā bùnéng tán de. 汉:b y yxl km s, t bn t d and that there were some subjects on which she could not talk at all. 英:a t t w sm sbjct(o) wc s cd n tk(a) t(a)
Tā shì, dànshì, néng Chōngfèn gōutōng hé shūshì de shēnghuó yǒuguān de shìxiàng. 汉:t s, ds, n cf gt h ss d sh d sh yg d sx She was, however, able to communicate fully and comfortably on matters related to everyday life . 英:s ws, hwv, ab t cmnct tl ad cftbl o mts rltd t evd lf
Shì shénme Gèng lìng rén yìnxiàng shēnkè, 汉:s dsm g l r yx sk What was even more impressive, 英:wt es ev m ossv
tā de rén shuí jiǎnyàn bàogào shuō, tāmen juéde fǎngfú Tāmen jiāotán de shì tāmen zìjǐ de wénhuà de chéngyuán. t s r s jy bg s, tm jd ff tm jt jt d s tm zj d wh d cy 汉: the people who tested her reported that they felt almost as if they were talking to a member of their own culture. 英:t pp w tst h rpt t t ft amst(a) s if t w tk t o(a) mb of t o ct
Yīnwèi tā zhèng jìhuà fǎnhuí déguó, kǎ lā bèi ānzhì zài yī lèi yǔ 5 Rén, tāmen de zhěngtǐ nénglì shuǐpíng dàyuē yǔ tā yīyàng.汉:yw t z jh dg, k l b az z y l y w r, tm d zt nl sp dy y t yy, Because she was planning to return to Germany, Carla was placed in a class with five people whose overall proficiency level was about the same as hers. 英:bcs s ws pln t rt t gm, cl ws plcd i n(a) cls wt fv pp ws ova pfcc lv ws ab t sm(a) s hs.
Bù xiàng tā, Dànshì, qítā xuéshēng xuéhuì le zài tāmen de déyǔ péixùn kèchéng. 汉:b x t, ds ,qt xs xh l z tm d dy px kc, Unlike her, however, the other students had learned their German during the training program.英:ulk h, hwv, t ot stdt hd ld t gm dr t tm pgm.
Yě bù xiàng kǎ lā, tāmen rényuán huò guǎnlǐ rényuán, huò tāmen de qīzi. 汉:y b x kl ,tm ry h gl ry, h tm d qz . Also unlike Carla, they were officers or executives, or their wives. 英:al ulk cl, t w ofcs o exctvs, o t wvs.
从上面汉语拼音和英语的注音范例可以看到,英语单词读音不是一个单词一个读音,而是一个到几个读音,而汉语一个汉字是一个读音,经过汉语和英语注音后,一个注音字母都是一个读音,这样英语的读音就被固定下来了。这样英语的读音和文本的读音就可以固定地记忆下来了。你看完英语一个句子,只要认真看,你就会记住全部读音,记住了全部读音,实际上你也记住了全部句子的文本。这一点尤其重要,必须引起足够地重视。
实际上,你又会发现英语注音是非常简单的,你会发现一个汉语拼音的注音只是汉语的声母加韵母是一个字也用一个声母的首字母,一个英语的读音也用一个和汉字一样的声母首字母,二者注音的读音是一样的了,这时反而会发现英语注音反而会比汉语拼音注音更容易一些。实际上,我是先注音英语,再注音汉语拼音反而会更容易一下记住读音。
你又会发现,经过这样注音英语和汉语你都会记住。你发现,一些英语句子之所以你记不住,是因为你注意的不够,以至于其中的一些单词没有注意而记忆不清楚,只要你进行注音,即使心中注音也可以加深你的记忆。
只是拿汉语翻译你可能不太注意,通过汉语拼音和英语采用字母表示,你会发现汉语拼音是汉语的全字母读音,一些翻译是不准确的。我们可以在自己翻译的时候,将英语实际的意思自己连贯地写下来。也就是你真正理解了英语,一篇英语文章,看着连续不停地写下来汉语翻译,你的理解从完整的文章到每个句子,精确到每个单词的原意和连贯的引申义,你对整个文章理解记忆就更加深刻了。你能够记住完整的英语文章的读音和文本,一遍完成。你就记住了英语的全部句子表达方式的结构。