自己试验一下阅读这篇文章:
3.1.6 CHUCK: Alternation between formal and informal exposure
n Comprehensible input from mass media.
n Comprehensible input from informal contacts.
Chuck had served as an agricultural attache in Scandinavia, and while there, had
gained quite good control of Danish. He told me about what seemed to have helped
him most.
‘My teacher was using some ordinary textbook,’ he began. ‘You know, the kind
where you go through a series of dialogs. But after a certain point, I began to rely
more just on television and reading the newspapers, and just going out and forcing
myself to talk with people.’
‘In your line of work,’ I observed, ‘you probably met a lot of people who didn’t
speak any English.’
48 Success with Foreign Languages
‘That’s right.’
‘So you just went out and put yourself into contact with the language, and . . .’
‘Yep. Pretty soon it started to come. It was a combination of going through the
book with the teacher, and then going out and using the stuff.’
‘Just conversing with people.’
‘Well, yes, but one thing that I found especially useful was just sitting down in
front of the TV and just listening, being determined to understand what the guy was
saying on the news.’
‘That really worked for you!’
‘Yeah. Of course there were times when I was ready to just pack the whole thing
in and quit and go home and pack bags in the supermarket. I mean, it got dreadful,
because Danish is a pretty ghastly language in terms of the noises they make. The
Danes say they don’t have a language, they have a throat disease!’
‘It sounds like quite a challenge,’ I said.
‘Yes, sometimes I sat there watching this guy babbling, and 1 said to myself, “I’m
never going to learn this language.!” But it’s remarkable. After six months, it was
“All systems go”!’
‘This is beginning to sound like what you told me you did with French and
Italian,’ I commented. ‘In all three, you deliberately put yourself into a position
where you were hearing not just language, but language where you understood a lot
of the content. You didn’t necessarily understand every word.’
‘That’s right.’
‘But you knew enough of the language so that from what you did get of it, you
were able to kind of extrapolate, and get more of it.’
‘Yes, yes.’
‘And this meant that you were being exposed to Danish, which consisted partly of
things that you’d already mastered, and partly of things you had not mastered.’
‘Yes, that’s a fair summary. Sometimes you had to guess, and sometimes you
guessed wrong and had to be corrected, but that was basically it. It can be a rather
horrifying experience sometimes, but other times,’ he chuckled, ‘it can be fun!’
Comments
Like Carla, Chuck succeeded by meeting language that was hard enough for him,
but not too hard. This is, of course, the way all children acquire their native
language, and some theorists believe that it can be sufficient for adults also.
One must not generalize on the basis of two brief narrative accounts.
Nevertheless, I can see three suggestive differences between Carla’s experience with
German and Chuck’s with Danish:
n Danish is in some ways a more difficult language than German.
n Chuck’s tested proficiency in Danish was a whole level higher than Carla’s in
German.
n Chuck alternated between formal instruction and informal exposure. Carla did
no formal study after the very beginning of her work with German.
Working with the ideas
An Informal Learner: Carla 49
1. What other differences do you see between Chuck and Carla?
2. In what ways is Chuck’s experience reminiscent of Ann’s or Bert’s?
看一句,回想一句。
看一句会想不出来一句,将句子分开看,看一个短句回想一个短句。
将一段看完回想一个段落。
将会想的时候的理解,用英语回想自己的句子。
看着软件翻译的文本,你会发现他们翻译的根本就不对。
你可以自己用英语句子进行回想,看一个错误的汉语翻译句子,回想一个正确的英语句子,你就自然理解了和记住英语了。
你的反应就会很敏捷,英语和汉语的对应关系,翻译哪里错了你知道,自己说的英语那里没有记住你也知道。
你要看文本,静静地看记住文本,记住整篇文本。你知道人家写的文章用的单词很简单,这些单词的顺序你都记下来了你就学会了。
你可以以后忘记,起码是第一次学习的时候记住了。等到下次学习的时候,即使你已经忘记了,一看文本就有记住了,你记住的是每个字母的读音的意思。
每个字母读音是什么意思你练习多了,你看到生词就可以根据语音理解了。